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2026-04-05T15:27:45Z
User contributions
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https://wiki.forestent.com/index.php?title=Notes:macOS&diff=361
Notes:macOS
2022-04-08T16:04:04Z
<p>Kward: /* Cookbook */</p>
<hr />
<div>Stuff for macOS and OS X<br />
<br />
{{Info|[2020-11-19] These notes aren’t fully formatted yet as I’ve simply copied them from my personal notes. I’ll fix them with time.}}<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
= References =<br />
<br />
http://serverfault.com/questions/7346/what-are-useful-command-line-commands-on-mac-os-x<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
= Keyboard Shortcut Symbols =<br />
<br />
[https://support.apple.com/guide/mac-help/back-up-and-share-text-replacements-on-mac-mchl2a7bd795/mac Back up and share text replacements on Mac]<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
== Symbols ==<br />
<br />
Common symbols used by macOS.<br />
<br />
{|<br />
!width="57%"| Description<br />
!width="21%"| Symbol<br />
!width="21%"| Note<br />
|-<br />
| Apple<br />
| <br />
| ⌘-Option-K (works on a Mac, but might be different on other OSes)<br />
|-<br />
| Command<br />
| ⌘<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| Delete<br />
| ⌫<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| Escape<br />
| ⎋ / ␛<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| Fn-Down<br />
| ⇟<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| Fn-Left<br />
| ↖︎<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| Fn-Right<br />
| ↘︎<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| Fn-Up<br />
| ⇞<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| Option<br />
| ⌥<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| Power<br />
| ⌽<br />
| substitute as there isn’t a good one; http://unicodepowersymbol.com/<br />
|-<br />
| Return<br />
| ⏎<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| Shift<br />
| ⇧<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| Tab<br />
| ⇥<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
== Accents ==<br />
<br />
Method 1: To type an accented or alternate version of a character, hold a key down until its alternate characters are displayed. (https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT201586)<br />
<br />
Method 2: Request accent, then character. (http://symbolcodes.tlt.psu.edu/accents/codemac.html)<br />
<br />
Method 3: Open Character Palette with Control-Command-Space. Find the desired character, then drag the character with the mouse into place to insert.<br />
<br />
{|<br />
! Name<br />
! Example<br />
! Shortcut + Char<br />
|-<br />
| Acute<br />
| ó Ó<br />
| Option-E, V<br />
|-<br />
| Circumflex<br />
| ô Ô<br />
| Option-I, V<br />
|-<br />
| Grave<br />
| ò Ò<br />
| Option-`, V<br />
|-<br />
| Tilde<br />
| õ Õ<br />
| Option-N, V (only works with a, n, and o)<br />
|-<br />
| Umlaut<br />
| ö Ö<br />
| Option-U, V<br />
|}<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
== Letters ==<br />
<br />
{|<br />
! Letter<br />
! Shortcut<br />
! Description<br />
|-<br />
| å<br />
| Option-A<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| ç<br />
| Option-C<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| ø<br />
| Option-O<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| ß<br />
| Option-S<br />
| Eszett<br />
|-<br />
| æ<br />
| Option-’<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
== Math Symbols ==<br />
<br />
Approximately : (≈) Option-X Degree : (°) Shift-Option-8 Delta : (∆) Option-J Division : (÷) Option-/ GreaterOrEqual : (≥) Option-. Infinity : (∞) Option-5 Intergal : (∫) Option-B LessOrEqual : (≤) Option-, Micro : (µ) Option-M Ohm : (Ω) Option-Z PartialDerivative : (∂) Option-D PerMil : (‰) Shift-Option-R Pi : (π) Option-P Plus/Minus : (±) Shift-Option-= ProductPi : (∏) Shift-Option-P SquareRoot : (√) Option-V Sum : (∑) Option-W<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
== Punctuation ==<br />
<br />
Copyright : (©) Option+G Dagger : (†) Option+T Dot : (•) Option+8 EmDash : (—) Option+Shift+- EnDash : (–) Option+- Paragraph : (¶) Option+7 Registered : (®) Option+R Section : (§) Option+6 Trademark : (™) Option+2<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
== General ==<br />
<br />
Command-F2 : Act as external display on iMac Command-Delete : Delete a file Command-Shift-3 : Capture screen Command-Shift-4 : Capture window with cursor selection Command-Shift-4 + Space : Capture window Command-Shift-5 : Record cropped window Command-Shift-5 + Space : Record a window Command-Shift-Q : Log out with confirmation Command-Shift-Option-Q : Log out without confirmation<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
== Documents ==<br />
<br />
{|<br />
!width="21%"| Key combination<br />
!width="78%"| Description<br />
|-<br />
| ⌘-B<br />
| Boldface the selected text, or turn boldfacing on or off.<br />
|-<br />
| ⌘-Option-C<br />
| Copy Style: Copy the formatting settings of the selected item to the Clipboard.<br />
|-<br />
| ⌘-D<br />
| Select the Desktop folder from within an Open dialog or Save dialog.<br />
|-<br />
| ⌘-Control-D<br />
| Show or hide the definition of the selected word.<br />
|-<br />
| ⌘-Option-F<br />
| Go to the search field.<br />
|-<br />
| ⌘-I<br />
| Italicise the selected text, or turn italics on or off.<br />
|-<br />
| ⌘-Option-I<br />
| Show or hide the inspector window.<br />
|-<br />
| ⌘-L<br />
| During software installation, show a log of actions.<br />
|-<br />
| ⌘-Shift-P<br />
| Page setup: Display a window for selecting document settings.<br />
|-<br />
| ⌘-Shift-S<br />
| Display the ave As dialog, or duplicate the current document.<br />
|-<br />
| ⌘-T<br />
| Show or hide the Fonts window.<br />
|-<br />
| ⌘-Option-T<br />
| Show or hide a toolbar in the app.<br />
|-<br />
| ⌘-U<br />
| Underline the selected text, or turn underlining on or off.<br />
|-<br />
| ⌘-Option-V<br />
| Paste Style: Apply the copied style to the selected item.<br />
|-<br />
| ⌘-Option-Shift-V<br />
| Paste and Match Style: Apply the style of the surrounding content to the item pasted within that content.<br />
|-<br />
| ⌘-;<br />
| Fix misspelled words in the document.<br />
|-<br />
| ⌘-Shift-:<br />
| Display the Spelling and Grammar window<br />
|-<br />
| ⌘-⌫<br />
| Select Delete or Don’t Save in a dialog that contains a Delete or Don’t Save button.<br />
|}<br />
<br />
Command–DownArrow : Move the insertion point to the end of the document. Command–Equal : … performs the same function. Command–LeftArrow : Move the insertion point to the beginning of the current line. Command–LeftCurlyBracket : Left align. Command–RightArrow : Move the insertion point to the end of the current line. Command–RightCurlyBracket : Right align. Command–Shift–DownArrow : Select the text between the insertion point and the end of the document. Command–Shift–LeftArrow : Select the text between the insertion point and the beginning of the current line. Command–Shift–Minus : Decrease the size of the selected item. Command–Shift–Plus : Increase the size of the selected item. Command–Shift–QuestionMark : Open the Help menu. Command–Shift–RightArrow : Select the text between the insertion point and the end of the current line. Command–Shift–UpArrow : Select the text between the insertion point and the beginning of the document. Command–Shift–VerticalBar : Center align. Command–UpArrow : Move the insertion point to the beginning of the document. Control-A : Move to the beginning of the line or paragraph. Control-B : Move one character backward. Control-D : Delete the character to the right of the insertion point. Or use Fn-Delete. Control-E : Move to the end of a line or paragraph. Control-F : Move one character forward. Control-H : Delete the character to the left of the insertion point. Or use Delete. Control-K : Delete the text between the insertion point and the end of the line or paragraph. Control-L : Center the cursor or selection in the visible area. Control-N : Move down one line. Control-O : Insert a new line after the insertion point. Control-P : Move up one line. Control-T : Swap the character behind the insertion point with the character in front of the insertion point. Fn-Delete : Forward delete on keyboards that don’t have a Forward Delete key. Or use Control-D. Fn–DownArrow : Page Down: Scroll down one page. Fn–LeftArrow : Home: Scroll to the beginning of a document. Fn–RightArrow : End: Scroll to the end of a document. Fn–UpArrow : Page Up: Scroll up one page. Option-Delete : Delete the word to the left of the insertion point. Option–LeftArrow : Move the insertion point to the beginning of the previous word. Option–RightArrow : Move the insertion point to the end of the next word. Shift–DownArrow : Extend text selection to the nearest character at the same horizontal location on the line below. Shift–LeftArrow : Extend text selection one character to the left. Shift–Option–DownArrow : Extend text selection to the end of the current paragraph, then to the end of the following paragraph if pressed again. Shift–Option–LeftArrow : Extend text selection to the beginning of the current word, then to the beginning of the following word if pressed again. Shift–Option–RightArrow : Extend text selection to the end of the current word, then to the end of the following word if pressed again. Shift–Option–UpArrow : Extend text selection to the beginning of the current paragraph, then to the beginning of the following paragraph if pressed again. Shift–RightArrow : Extend text selection one character to the right. Shift–UpArrow : Extend text selection to the nearest character at the same horizontal location on the line above.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
== Booting ==<br />
<br />
https://support.apple.com/en-eg/HT201255 http://www.tech-recipes.com/rx/2818/os_x_ten_boot_options_for_leopard/<br />
<br />
{|<br />
!width="44%"| Key<br />
!width="55%"| Desc<br />
|-<br />
| C<br />
| Boot from CD/DVD<br />
|-<br />
| D / Option-D<br />
| Diagnostics or Apple Hardware Test mode / via-Internet. 1) Unplug MacBook Pro from power, and fully power off the machine. 2) Power on and press-and-hold the D key. 3) Release when prompted to choose a language.<br />
|-<br />
| N<br />
| Netboot<br />
|-<br />
| R<br />
| PowerBook Display Reset<br />
|-<br />
| T<br />
| Target disk mode<br />
|-<br />
| X<br />
| Startup from OS X instead of from non-OS X startup<br />
|-<br />
| ⌘-Option-P-R<br />
| Reset PRAM. Do immediately after powering on, and release after 2nd Apple logo or 20sec, whichever comes first.<br />
|-<br />
| ⌘-R / ⌘-Option-R<br />
| OS X Recovery / over the Internet<br />
|-<br />
| Command-S<br />
| Single User Mode<br />
|-<br />
| Command-V<br />
| Verbose Boot<br />
|-<br />
| LeftShift-Control-Option-Power<br />
| [https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT201295 Reset SMC]. Do with power off. Hold for 10 sec, then power on again.<br />
|-<br />
| Left_Mouse / F12 / mouse_button / trackpad_button<br />
| Eject Media<br />
|-<br />
| Option<br />
| Startup Manager<br />
|-<br />
| Option-D<br />
| Diagnostics or Apple Hardware Test via Internet<br />
|-<br />
| Option-N<br />
| NetBoot using default image<br />
|-<br />
| Shift<br />
| Safe Mode<br />
|}<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
= Downloads =<br />
<br />
[https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT201372 How to create a bootable installer for macOS]<br />
<br />
10.15 [https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/macos-catalina/id1466841314?ls=1&mt=12 Catalina]<br />
<br />
<pre>sudo /Applications/Install\ macOS\ Catalina.app/Contents/Resources/createinstallmedia \<br />
--volume /Volumes/MyVolume</pre><br />
10.14 [https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/macos-mojave/id1398502828?ls=1&mt=12 Mojave]<br />
<br />
<pre>sudo /Applications/Install\ macOS\ Mojave.app/Contents/Resources/createinstallmedia \<br />
--volume /Volumes/MyVolume</pre><br />
10.13 [https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/macos-high-sierra/id1246284741?ls=1&mt=12 High Sierra]<br />
<br />
<pre>sudo /Applications/Install\ macOS\ High\ Sierra.app/Contents/Resources/createinstallmedia \<br />
--volume /Volumes/MyVolume</pre><br />
10.12 [http://updates-http.cdn-apple.com/2019/cert/061-41343-20191023-02465f92-3ab5-4c92-bfe2-b725447a070d/InstallMacOSX.dmg Yosemite]<br />
<br />
10.11 [http://updates-http.cdn-apple.com/2019/cert/061-41424-20191024-218af9ec-cf50-4516-9011-228c78eda3d2/InstallMacOSX.dmg El Capitan]<br />
<br />
<pre>sudo /Applications/Install\ OS\ X\ El\ Capitan.app/Contents/Resources/createinstallmedia \<br />
--volume /Volumes/MyVolume \<br />
--applicationpath /Applications/Install\ OS\ X\ El\ Capitan.app</pre><br />
10.10 [http://updates-http.cdn-apple.com/2019/cert/061-39476-20191023-48f365f4-0015-4c41-9f44-39d3d2aca067/InstallOS.dmg Sierra]<br />
<br />
<pre>$ sudo /Applications/Install\ OS\ X\ Sierra.app/Contents/Resources/createinstallmedia \<br />
--volume /Volumes/MyVolume \<br />
--applicationpath /Applications/Install\ OS\ X\ Sierra.app</pre><br />
10.9 Maverics<br />
<br />
<pre>$ sudo /Applications/Install\ OS\ X\ Mavericks.app/Contents/Resources/createinstallmedia \<br />
--volume /Volumes/MyVolume \<br />
--applicationpath /Applications/Install\ OS\ X\ Mavericks.app</pre><br />
[https://support.apple.com/downloads/tiger Legacy]<br />
<br />
See also: https://appleinsider.com/articles/19/11/23/how-to-get-an-old-macos-installer-from-apple<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
= File systems =<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
== Create ISO from CDR ==<br />
<br />
https://forums.macrumors.com/threads/converting-cdr-to-iso.783690/<br />
<br />
Convert a CDR to ISO.<br />
<br />
<pre>$ hdiutil makehybrid -iso -joliet -o diskimage.iso diskimage.cdr</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
== Write ISO to USB ==<br />
<br />
For bootable images, use one of:<br />
<br />
* [https://www.balena.io/etcher/ Etcher] – '''recommended''' for bootable CD/DVD<br />
* [http://unetbootin.github.io/ UNetbootin] – useful if additional FreeDOS boot is needed (e.g. for firmware upgrades)<br />
<br />
For data only…<br />
<br />
https://snipt.net/w00kie/how-do-i-burn-an-iso-on-a-usb-drive-on-mac-os-x/<br />
<br />
Convert the file to a Disk Image. Note a <code>.dmg</code> extension will be added.<br />
<br />
<pre>$ hdiutil convert -format UDRW -o /path/to/target /path/to/original.iso</pre><br />
Find current devices<br />
<br />
<pre>$ diskutil list</pre><br />
Unmount device<br />
<br />
<pre>$ diskutil unmountDisk /dev/diskN</pre><br />
Write to USB<br />
<br />
<pre>$ sudo dd if=/path/to/target.dmg of=/dev/rdiskN bs=1m</pre><br />
Eject the disk<br />
<br />
<pre>$ diskutil eject /dev/diskN</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
== Format a disk from the command-line ==<br />
<br />
Format with JHFS+ (Journaled HFS+) with a GPT partition layout.<br />
<br />
<pre>diskutil eraseDisk jhfs+ &quot;ICY BOX 500G&quot; gpt /dev/diskX</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
== Create custom CoreStorage drive ==<br />
<br />
http://www.cnet.com/how-to/how-to-make-a-custom-corestorage-drive-in-os-x/<br />
<br />
Create a CoreStorage volume. Will be using disk0 (SSD) and disk1 (HDD).<br />
<br />
Partition all drives to be part of CS with single GUID partition, named ‘Untitled’. Then determine their drive names<br />
<br />
<pre>$ diskutil list</pre><br />
Create the logical volume group. Note the 1st drive is the SSD drive, and 2nd is drive is the HDD.<br />
<br />
<pre>$ diskutil cs create Macintosh\ LVG disk0 disk1</pre><br />
List CS volumes<br />
<br />
<pre>$ diskutil cs list</pre><br />
Create volume in the volume group using UUID of LVG<br />
<br />
<pre>$ diskutil cs createVolume UUID jhfs+ Macintosh\ HD 100%</pre><br />
If desired, encrypt the logical volume just created<br />
<br />
<pre>$ diskutil cs list<br />
$ diskutil cs encryptVolume UUID</pre><br />
Delete a CS LVG.<br />
<br />
<pre>$ diskutil cs delete UUID</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
== Get serial number of drive ==<br />
<br />
<pre>$ ioreg -l |less</pre><br />
== ditto ==<br />
<br />
Mirror directories in OS X, preserving all ownership and permission data.<br />
<br />
<pre># ditto -V /Users /Volumes/SecondaryHD/Users</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
== Write DMG to disk ==<br />
<br />
http://coolestguyplanettech.com/downtown/how-image-mac-os-x-107-lion-command-lineterminal<br />
<br />
# Mount the destination drive<br />
# Issue this command, replacing source and destination paths<br />
<br />
<pre>$ asr restore \<br />
--source /path-to-source-dmg-image \<br />
--target /Volumes/path-to-destination-volume \<br />
--erase \<br />
--format HFS+ \<br />
--noverify</pre><br />
* The '''–erase''' will erase the destination format<br />
* The '''–format''' is optional and only required if the destination needs to be reformatted<br />
* The '''–noverify''' is optional and skips verification - but obviously doesn’t verify a successful restore.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
== Mount DMG as disk – loopback ==<br />
<br />
http://apple.stackexchange.com/questions/9284/does-mac-have-something-similar-to-a-linux-loop-device<br />
<br />
The upgrade from MacOS 10.12.1 to 10.12.2 broke my APFS formatted Ableton SDCard drive. Ugh :-(. Luckily I still had a machine running 10.12.1, so I figured I’d try to fix things.<br />
<br />
I started by dumping the raw disk <code>/dev/disk2</code> using <code>dd</code>.<br />
<br />
<pre>$ dd if=/dev/disk2 of=/Volumes/Samsung_T1/Ableton-d2.dmg bs=1m</pre><br />
Mount the disk. ''Note: I could have added the <code>-nomount</code> option after <code>attach</code> to have prevented the disk from actually mounting.''<br />
<br />
<pre>$ hdiutil attach /Volumes/Samsung_T1/Ableton-d2.dmg<br />
/dev/disk2 GUID_partition_scheme<br />
/dev/disk2s1 EFI<br />
/dev/disk2s2 Apple_APFS<br />
/dev/disk2s2s1 41504653-0000-11AA-AA11-0030654</pre><br />
Yay!<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
== APFS ==<br />
<br />
* https://developer.apple.com/library/content/documentation/FileManagement/Conceptual/APFS_Guide/Introduction/Introduction.html<br />
* http://www.howtogeek.com/272741/how-to-format-a-drive-with-the-apfs-file-system-on-macos-sierra/<br />
<br />
'''Sparse image'''<br />
<br />
Create a sparse image with APFS.<br />
<br />
<pre>$ hdiutil create -fs APFS -size 1GB foo.sparseimage</pre><br />
'''Physical disk'''<br />
<br />
Partition the disk<br />
<br />
<pre>$ sudo diskutil partitionDisk disk2 APFS Untitled 100%</pre><br />
'''Existing partition'''<br />
<br />
Create APFS container.<br />
<br />
<pre>$ diskutil apfs createContainer /dev/disk2s2</pre><br />
Create APFS volume in an APFS container.<br />
<br />
<pre>$ diskutil apfs addVolume disk2s2 APFS newAPFS</pre><br />
FSCK.<br />
<br />
<pre>$ fsck_apfs /dev/disk2s2</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
== NFS ==<br />
<br />
Change default behavior to work better with Linux servers.<br />
<br />
* https://j-li.net/posts/mounting-a-linux-nfs-on-osx<br />
<br />
<code>/etc/nfs.conf</code><br />
<br />
<pre># Generated automatically by NFS Manager 2016-10-19 23:06:36 +0000<br />
nfs.client.allow_async = 1<br />
nfs.client.nfsiod_thread_max = 128<br />
nfs.client.mount.options = nfc,intr<br />
nfs.client.is_mobile = 0</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
== Restart autofs without rebooting. ==<br />
<br />
Use the <code>automount</code> command.<br />
<br />
<pre>$ sudo automount -vc</pre><br />
Alternatively, use <code>launchctl</code>.<br />
<br />
<pre>$ sudo launchctl stop com.apple.autofsd</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
== Partitioning ==<br />
<br />
References<br />
<br />
* https://developer.apple.com/library/content/documentation/FileManagement/Conceptual/APFS_Guide/ToolsandAPIs/ToolsandAPIs.html#//apple_ref/doc/uid/TP40016999-CH7-DontLinkElementID_13<br />
* http://www.theinstructional.com/guides/disk-management-from-the-command-line-part-2<br />
<br />
Get list of info<br />
<br />
<pre>$ diskutil list</pre><br />
Format an entire drive as APFS<br />
<br />
<pre># command verb disk boot_record filesystem name size<br />
$ diskutil partitionDisk /dev/diskX GPT APFS NewName 0b</pre><br />
Arguments:<br />
<br />
* Boot Records<br />
** GPT (GUID Partition Table)<br />
** MBR (Master Boot Record)<br />
* Filesystems<br />
** APFS (Apple File System – beta in Sierra 10.12.1)<br />
** ExFAT<br />
** FAT32<br />
** HFS+ (Apple HFS+)<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
== Locked files or folders ==<br />
<br />
Look at the current flags:<br />
<br />
<pre>$ ls -lO /path/to/folder</pre><br />
Unlock them with:<br />
<br />
<pre>$ chflags nouchg /path/to/locked/folder</pre><br />
or with:<br />
<br />
<pre>$ SetFile -a l /path/to/locked/folder</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
= Networking =<br />
<br />
[https://khronokernel.github.io/macos/2021/11/22/PCIE-ETHERNET.html Thunderbolt and PCIe Ethernet in macOS] -- includes a good overview of the Ethernet chips used, and which ones work and don't work.<br />
<br />
= Cookbook =<br />
<br />
== Homebrew ==<br />
<br />
The <code>ftp</code> and <code>telnet</code> are no longer included with macOS, but can be installed with Brew.<br />
<br />
<pre>$ brew install inetutils</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
== Resize a sparse bundle ==<br />
<br />
Unmount the image, and follow commands below.<br />
<br />
Compact the image (size stays the same).<br />
<br />
<pre>hdiutil compact filename.sparsebundle</pre><br />
Increase the size of the image (e.g. 8G to 12G).<br />
<br />
<pre>hdiutil resize -size 12G filename.sparsebundle</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
== Paragraph Sorting Service ==<br />
<br />
http://www.macosxautomation.com/services/learn/tut03/index.html<br />
<br />
<ol style="list-style-type: decimal;"><br />
<li>Open Automator.</li><br />
<li>Create a new “Service” workflow.</li><br />
<li>Configure workflow.<br />
<ol style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;"><br />
<li>Service receives selected &gt; text</li><br />
<li>in &gt; any application</li><br />
<li>check &lt; Replaces selected text</li></ol><br />
<br />
<ol start="4" style="list-style-type: decimal;"><br />
<li></li></ol><br />
</li></ol><br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
== Disable the Swoosh animation for Mac OS X Spaces ==<br />
<br />
macOS [10.12)<br />
<br />
System Preferences &gt; Accessibility &gt; Display &gt; Reduce motion<br />
<br />
macOS (10.11]<br />
<br />
* http://blog.sysmgr.org/2011/02/disable-swoosh-animation-for-mac-os-x.html<br />
* http://secrets.blacktree.com/?showapp=com.apple.dock – interesting<br />
* http://www.macosxhints.com/comment.php?mode=view&amp;cid=117778<br />
<br />
<pre>$ defaults write com.apple.dock \<br />
workspaces-swoosh-animation-off \<br />
-bool YES &&<br />
killall Dock</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
== Change screen capture behavior. ==<br />
<br />
Disable shadow on screen capture.<br />
<br />
<pre>$ defaults write com.apple.screencapture disable-shadow -bool TRUE<br />
$ killall SystemUIServer</pre><br />
Change the location of screen captures.<br />
<br />
<pre>$ defaults write com.apple.screencapture location ~/Pictures/Screenshots</pre><br />
Change the prefix of the screen capture filename.<br />
<br />
<pre>$ defaults write com.apple.screencapture name &quot;Pretty Picture&quot;<br />
$ killall SystemUIServer</pre><br />
Take a screen capture as PDF (PNG is default).<br />
<br />
<pre>$ defaults write com.apple.screencapture type pdf</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
== (En|Dis)able Bonjour Announcements (10.5+) ==<br />
<br />
Disable<br />
<br />
<pre>$ sudo launchctl unload -w /System/Library/LaunchDaemons/com.apple.mDNSResponder.plist</pre><br />
Enable<br />
<br />
<pre>$ sudo launchctl load -w /System/Library/LaunchDaemons/com.apple.mDNSResponder.plist</pre><br />
To leave it enabled, but not announce things via multicast DNS, edit the plist and add this line to the mDNSResponder options.<br />
<br />
<pre>&lt;string&gt;-NoMulticastAdvertisements&lt;/string&gt;</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
== Time Machine ==<br />
<br />
Change backup frequency (10.5+) http://hints.macworld.com/article.php?story=200710291721156<br />
<br />
Edit /System/Library/LaunchDaemons/com.apple.backupd-auto.plist and update the StartInterval setting. 3600[s] is 1h.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
== Cron’d stuff ==<br />
<br />
See entry at Oct 19, ’10 08:03:30PM in http://hints.macworld.com/article.php?story=200710291721156<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
== Sleep ==<br />
<br />
Sleep machine from command-line (10.5+)<br />
<br />
<pre>$ pmset sleepnow</pre><br />
=== pmset ===<br />
<br />
See ‘man pmset’ for more info. For 10.4 and prior, see http://www.snoize.com/SleepNow/.<br />
<br />
Figure out why machine isn’t sleeping.<br />
<br />
<pre>$ pmset -g assertions</pre><br />
Log sleep/wake messages<br />
<br />
<pre>$ pmset -g pslog</pre><br />
View the logs later<br />
<br />
<pre>$ pmset -g</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
== (En|Dis)able swap ==<br />
<br />
http://hints.macworld.com/article.php?story=201106020948369<br />
<br />
Disable<br />
<br />
<pre>$ sudo launchctl unload -w /System/Library/LaunchDaemons/com.apple.dynamic_pager.plist<br />
$ sudo rm /private/var/vm/swapfile*</pre><br />
Enable<br />
<br />
<pre>$ sudo launchctl load -w /System/Library/LaunchDaemons/com.apple.dynamic_pager.plist</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
== SMART ==<br />
<br />
http://hints.macworld.com/article.php?story=20031122041138373<br />
<br />
Get SMART status from the command-line<br />
<br />
<pre># diskutil list<br />
# diskutil info diskX |grep SMART</pre><br />
== sysctl ==<br />
<br />
[http://rolande.wordpress.com/2010/12/30/performance-tuning-the-network-stack-on-mac-osx-10-6/ Performance Tuning the Network Stack Mac OS X]<br />
<br />
Versions: [10.5-10.8)<br />
<br />
Put data into <code>/etc/sysctl.conf</code>.<br />
<br />
<pre>kern.ipc.maxsockbuf=4194304<br />
kern.ipc.somaxconn=512<br />
kern.ipc.nmbclusters=2048<br />
net.inet.tcp.rfc1323=1<br />
net.inet.tcp.win_scale_factor=3<br />
net.inet.tcp.sockthreshold=16<br />
net.inet.tcp.sendspace=262144<br />
net.inet.tcp.recvspace=262144<br />
net.inet.tcp.mssdflt=1440<br />
net.inet.tcp.msl=15000<br />
net.inet.tcp.always_keepalive=0<br />
net.inet.tcp.delayed_ack=0<br />
net.inet.tcp.slowstart_flightsize=4<br />
net.inet.tcp.blackhole=2<br />
net.inet.udp.blackhole=1<br />
net.inet.icmp.icmplim=50</pre><br />
Change these values for [10.8)<br />
<br />
<pre>kern.ipc.maxsockbuf=8388608<br />
<br />
# Enable support for 9000+ byte packets.<br />
# https://blah.cloud/hardware/test-jumbo-frames-working/<br />
net.inet.raw.maxdgram=16384</pre><br />
(old) Recommended values for <code>/etc/sysctl.conf</code>.<br />
<br />
{|<br />
! key<br />
! default<br />
! recommended<br />
! notes<br />
|-<br />
| net.inet.tcp.mssdflt<br />
| 512<br />
| 1440<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| net.inet.tcp.win_scale_factor<br />
| 3<br />
| 10<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| net.inet.tcp.sendspace<br />
| 65536<br />
| 2097152<br />
| 1/2 of kern.ipc.maxsockbuf<br />
|-<br />
| net.inet.tcp.recvspace<br />
| 65536<br />
| 2097152<br />
| 1/2 of kern.ipc.maxsockbuf<br />
|}<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
== Spotlight ==<br />
<br />
Check status of Spotlight<br />
<br />
<pre># mdutil -s /</pre><br />
Enable Spotlight<br />
<br />
<pre># mdutil -i on /</pre><br />
Rebuilt database<br />
<br />
<pre># mdutil -E /</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
== Restart Finder from the Terminal ==<br />
<br />
http://thewayeye.net/2012/january/4/how-restart-finder-terminal<br />
<br />
Kill Finder<br />
<br />
<pre>$ sudo killall Finder</pre><br />
Manually start if it doesn’t automatically<br />
<br />
<pre>$ open /System/Library/CoreServices/Finder.app</pre><br />
If all else fails, reboot<br />
<br />
<pre>$ shutdown -r</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
== Extract contents of a Payload file ==<br />
<br />
These are basically compressed cpio files.<br />
<br />
<pre>$ cat Payload |gzip -d |cpio -id</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
== Firewall ==<br />
<br />
List apps allowed/blocked by firewall.<br />
<br />
<pre>$ sudo /usr/libexec/ApplicationFirewall/socketfilterfw --listapps</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
== dtrace and other scripts ==<br />
<br />
http://dtrace.org/blogs/brendan/2011/10/10/top-10-dtrace-scripts-for-mac-os-x/<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
== Power management ==<br />
<br />
Get history of power management events<br />
<br />
<pre>$ pmset -g log |less</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
== Icon sets ==<br />
<br />
http://blog.macsales.com/28492-create-your-own-custom-icons-in-10-7-5-or-later<br />
<br />
Create PNG files.<br />
<br />
{|<br />
! Filename<br />
! Image Size (in pixels)<br />
|-<br />
| icon_512x512@2x.png<br />
| 1024 x 1024<br />
|-<br />
| icon_512x512.png<br />
| 512 x 512<br />
|-<br />
| icon_256x256@2x.png<br />
| 512 x 512<br />
|-<br />
| icon_256x256.png<br />
| 256 x 256<br />
|-<br />
| icon_128x128@2x.png<br />
| 256 x 256<br />
|-<br />
| icon_128x128.png<br />
| 128 x 128<br />
|-<br />
| icon_32x32@2x.png<br />
| 64 x 64<br />
|-<br />
| icon_32x32.png<br />
| 32 x 32<br />
|-<br />
| icon_16x16@2x.png<br />
| 32 x 32<br />
|-<br />
| icon_16x16.png<br />
| 16 x 16<br />
|}<br />
<br />
Create an <code>myicon.iconset</code> folder, and put all files in that folder.<br />
<br />
Create a <code>myicon.icns</code> file.<br />
<br />
<pre>$ iconutil -c icns /path/to/myicon.iconset</pre><br />
Get info about the drive / file, and copy the <code>myicon.icns</code> file over the drive icon of the file.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
== Kill parentalcontrolsd regularly ==<br />
<br />
Create the following plist as <code>/Library/LaunchDaemons/com.forestent.noparentalcontrolsd</code> with root as owner.<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="xml"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><br />
<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd"><br />
<plist version="1.0"><br />
<dict><br />
<key>Label</key><br />
<string>com.stevenlin.antiparent</string><br />
<br />
<key>ProgramArguments</key><br />
<array><br />
<string>/bin/launchctl</string><br />
<string>kill</string><br />
<string>SIGSTOP</string><br />
<string>system/com.apple.familycontrols</string><br />
</array><br />
<br />
<key>Nice</key><br />
<integer>1</integer><br />
<br />
<key>StartInterval</key><br />
<integer>600</integer><br />
<br />
<key>RunAtLoad</key><br />
<true/><br />
<br />
</dict><br />
</plist></pre><br />
Load the plist.<br />
<br />
<pre>$ sudo launchctl load /Library/LaunchDaemons/com.forestent.noparentalcontrolsd</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
== Install a package from the command-line ==<br />
<br />
Use <code>/usr/sbin/installer</code>.<br />
<br />
<pre>$ sudo installer -pkg /path/to/package.pkg -target /</pre><br />
<pre>sudo installer -pkg macOSUpd10.14.3.pkg -target / -verboseR -dumplog 2&gt;&amp;1 |tee ~/var/log/macOSUpd10.14.3.log</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
== Upgrade software from the command-line ==<br />
<br />
Use <code>softwareupdate</code>.<br />
<br />
<pre>$ softwareupdate -l<br />
Software Update Tool<br />
<br />
Fining available software</pre><br />
If the updater is hitting problems, e.g. unable to contact update servers, consider resetting the catalogs. (Was needed for 10.14.3 at Google.)<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="shell">sudo softwareupdate --clear-catalog</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
== Change visibility of hidden folders ==<br />
<br />
Use <code>/usr/bin/chflags</code>.<br />
<br />
<pre>$ chflags nohidden ~/Library</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
== Force RGB Mode (a.k.a. fix horrible fonts) ==<br />
<br />
http://www.iphonetopics.com/force-rgb-mode-in-mac-os-x/<br />
<br />
= Misc. Utilities =<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
== Expansion Slot Utility ==<br />
<br />
The utility is located in /System/Library/CoreServices and is used to configure the performance of the PCI slots.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
== Fonts ==<br />
<br />
https://discussions.apple.com/thread/3646002?tstart=0 http://www.thexlab.com/faqs/undofontbook.html http://www.jklstudios.com/misc/osxfonts.htm<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
== pmset ==<br />
<br />
Get the current settings<br />
<br />
<pre>$ pmset -g<br />
System-wide power settings:<br />
Currently in use:<br />
standby 1<br />
Sleep On Power Button 1<br />
womp 0<br />
autorestart 0<br />
hibernatefile /var/vm/sleepimage<br />
powernap 1<br />
gpuswitch 2<br />
networkoversleep 0<br />
disksleep 10<br />
sleep 60 (sleep prevented by backupd, AddressBookSourceSync, nsurlsessiond, nsurlsessiond, nsurlsessiond, nsurlsessiond, nsurlsessiond)<br />
autopoweroffdelay 28800<br />
hibernatemode 0<br />
autopoweroff 1<br />
ttyskeepawake 1<br />
displaysleep 60<br />
standbydelay 10800</pre><br />
=== autopoweroff ===<br />
<br />
''This is the reason my 2013 Mac Pro wakes so slowly from sleep each morning.''<br />
<br />
https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT201635<br />
<br />
'''autopoweroff''' is enabled by default on supported platforms as an implementation of Lot 6 to the European Energy-related Products Directive. After sleeping for <code>autopoweroffdelay</code> seconds, the system will write a hibernation image and go into a lower power chipset sleep. Wakeups from this state will take longer than wakeups from regular sleep.<br />
<br />
== bputil ==<br />
<br />
https://keith.github.io/xcode-man-pages/bputil.1.html<br />
<br />
Utility to precisely modify the security settings on Apple Silicon Macs<br />
<br />
== trustd ==<br />
<br />
https://sneak.berlin/20201112/your-computer-isnt-yours/<br />
<br />
This makes requests to ocsp.apple.com each and every time an app is opened. Ugh.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
= Troubleshooting =<br />
<br />
https://github.com/upekkha/AppleHardwareTest<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
== Previous shutdown cause ==<br />
<br />
Look at the log on the command-line, and compare to documented causes can be found on this [https://georgegarside.com/blog/macos/shutdown-causes/ blog].<br />
<br />
<pre>$ log show --predicate 'eventMessage contains "Previous shutdown cause:"'<br />
Skipping info and debug messages, pass --info and/or --debug to include.<br />
Filtering the log data using "eventMessage CONTAINS "Previous shutdown cause:""<br />
Timestamp Thread Type Activity PID<br />
2017-11-30 17:12:25.019394+0100 0x379 Default 0x0 0 kernel: (AppleSMC) Previous shutdown cause: 3<br />
2017-12-06 18:16:46.306853+0100 0x3ff Default 0x0 0 kernel: (AppleSMC) Previous shutdown cause: 5<br />
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------<br />
Log - Default: 2, Info: 0, Debug: 0, Error: 0, Fault: 0<br />
Activity - Create: 0, Transition: 0, Actions: 0</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
== Mouse Lag ==<br />
<br />
Try turning off the mouse, removing it from the Bluetooth preferences window, and repairing the device.<br />
<br />
On the Mac Pro (Late 2013) model, Wi-Fi seems to interfere with the Bluetooth signal such that the mouse lags. Disable Wi-Fi if possible, or use a hardwired mouse.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
== DNS resolution ==<br />
<br />
* https://discussions.apple.com/thread/3339686?start=0&amp;tstart=0<br />
* http://www.justincarmony.com/blog/2011/07/27/mac-os-x-lion-etc-hosts-bugs-and-dns-resolution/<br />
<br />
Get dump of resolvers<br />
<br />
<pre>$ scutil --dns</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
== Reset DNS cache ==<br />
<br />
OS X &lt;= 10.9.* &amp;&amp; &gt;= 10.10.4<br />
<br />
<pre>$ sudo killall -HUP mDNSResponder</pre><br />
OS X 10.10.0 - 10.10.3<br />
<br />
<pre>$ sudo discoveryutil mdnsflushcache</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
== Finder – “File is damaged” ==<br />
<br />
Finder is reporting “File is damaged” and “Move to Trash” or “Unmount disk”. If you know the file is fine, remove the quarantine <code>xattr</code>, and try again.<br />
<br />
<pre>$ xattr -d com.apple.quarantine /path/to/file</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
== Cannot verify installer ==<br />
<br />
http://www.macrumors.com/2016/03/03/older-os-x-installers-broken-by-certificate/<br />
<br />
Installers downloaded before Feb 14 2016 will not validate because the certificate used to sign the installer expired. To work around the issue, quit out of the installer, set the date back, and rerun the installer.<br />
<br />
<pre>$ date 0201010116</pre><br />
Alternatively, a newer version of the installer can be downloaded. Unfortunately, older OS X installs won’t be available, so the date method must be used.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
== Look at available Wi-Fi networks ==<br />
<br />
http://apple.stackexchange.com/questions/131852/how-do-you-force-a-5-ghz-wifi-connection<br />
<br />
Scan for network BSSIDs.<br />
<br />
<pre>/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Apple80211.framework/Versions/Current/Resources/airport scan<br />
SSID BSSID RSSI CHANNEL HT CC SECURITY (auth/unicast/group)<br />
Valerie c0:25:06:cf:0c:d3 -78 100,+1 Y DE WPA2(PSK/AES/AES)<br />
Valerie c0:25:06:cf:0c:d7 -69 11 Y DE WPA2(PSK/AES/AES)</pre><br />
For &lt;=10.6 use a different command.<br />
<br />
<pre>/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Apple80211.framework/Versions/Current/Resources/airport --associate=XXX --bssid=YYY</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
== Downgrade from High Sierra to Sierra ==<br />
<br />
https://www.imore.com/how-downgrade-macos<br />
<br />
Technically, a downgrade isn’t possible from backup :-(<br />
<br />
Erase a disk with the MacOS Extended (Journaled) format, with a name of <code>Untitled</code>.<br />
<br />
Create install media, using <code>/Volume/Untitled</code> as destination volume.<br />
<br />
* The volume will again be erased, so it is OK to use the old volume name.<br />
* The <code>--applicationpath</code> must be the '''fully qualified path'''.<br />
<br />
<pre>$ sudo /Applications/Install\ macOS\ High\ Sierra.app/Contents/Resources/createinstallmedia \<br />
--volume /Volumes/Untitled \<br />
--applicationpath "/Applications/Install macOS Sierra.app"<br />
Ready to start.<br />
To continue we need to erase the disk at /Volumes/Untitled.<br />
If you wish to continue type (Y) then press return: y<br />
Erasing Disk: 0%... 10%... 20%... 30%...100%...<br />
Copying installer files to disk...<br />
Copy complete.<br />
Making disk bootable...<br />
Copying boot files...<br />
Copy complete.<br />
Done.</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
== Adjust macOS font smoothing ==<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
=== Font smoothing ===<br />
<br />
https://software.com/mac/tweaks/change-font-smoothing<br />
<br />
Display the current font smoothing:<br />
<br />
<pre>$ defaults -currentHost read -globalDomain AppleFontSmoothing</pre><br />
Change the font smoothing (0=off, 1=light, 2=Medium/flat panel, 3=strong/blurred) This is mostly needed for non-Apple displays. Restart applications to see the effect<br />
<br />
<pre>$ defaults -currentHost write -globalDomain AppleFontSmoothing -int 0</pre><br />
Delete the setting completely (restore default)<br />
<br />
<pre>$ defaults -currentHost delete -globalDomain AppleFontSmoothing</pre><br />
Set the font anti-aliasing minimum sizes, globally or per-application:<br />
<br />
<pre>$ defaults -currentHost write .GlobalPreferences AppleSmoothFontsSizeThreshold -int 16<br />
$ defaults -currentHost write .GlobalPreferences AppleFontSmoothing -int 0<br />
$ defaults -currentHost write com.apple.safari AppleAntiAliasingThreshold -int 16</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
=== Anti-aliasing ===<br />
<br />
Read the current value.<br />
<br />
<pre>$ defaults read NSGlobalDomain AppleAntiAliasingThreshold<br />
4</pre><br />
The anti-aliasing can be configured per application. (https://ss64.com/osx/syntax-defaults.html)<br />
<br />
<pre>$ defaults -currentHost write com.apple.safari AppleAntiAliasingThreshold -int 16</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
= Misc =<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
== Commands looking at profile enrollment at work. ==<br />
<br />
Profile enrollment of some sort?<br />
<br />
<pre>$ profiles status -type enrollment</pre><br />
<pre>$ sudo profiles list<br />
_computerlevel[1] attribute: profileIdentifier: com.google.corp.gmac.applicationaccess<br />
_computerlevel[2] attribute: profileIdentifier: com.google.corp.gmac.chrome.extension.passwordalert<br />
_computerlevel[3] attribute: profileIdentifier: com.google.corp.gmac.networkprofile<br />
_computerlevel[4] attribute: profileIdentifier: com.google.corp.gmac.chrome.extensionsettings<br />
_computerlevel[5] attribute: profileIdentifier: com.google.corp.gmac.bird<br />
_computerlevel[6] attribute: profileIdentifier: com.google.mdm.profile.kext<br />
_computerlevel[7] attribute: profileIdentifier: com.google.mdm.profile.initial<br />
_computerlevel[8] attribute: profileIdentifier: com.google.corp.gmac.touchid<br />
_computerlevel[9] attribute: profileIdentifier: com.google.corp.gmac.internetsharing<br />
_computerlevel[10] attribute: profileIdentifier: com.google.corp.gmac.sparkle<br />
_computerlevel[11] attribute: profileIdentifier: com.google.corp.gmac.management<br />
_computerlevel[12] attribute: profileIdentifier: com.google.corp.gmac.restor<br />
_computerlevel[13] attribute: profileIdentifier: com.google.corp.gmac.chrome.extension.detangle<br />
_computerlevel[14] attribute: profileIdentifier: com.google.corp.gmac.chrome<br />
_computerlevel[15] attribute: profileIdentifier: com.google.corp.gmac.santa<br />
_computerlevel[16] attribute: profileIdentifier: com.google.corp.gmac.spotlight<br />
_computerlevel[17] attribute: profileIdentifier: com.google.corp.gmac.prefpanes<br />
There are 17 system configuration profiles installed</pre><br />
<pre>$ sudo profiles show -type enrollment<br />
Device Enrollment configuration:<br />
{<br />
AllowPairing = 1;<br />
AwaitDeviceConfigured = 1;<br />
ConfigurationURL = &quot;https://emmapplecodevice.googleapis.com/v1/_/deviceserver/C02h8e9nw/setup?key=AIzaSyAdMVj0IzE7K6u90EkdmoVTc_79_hO1i5w&quot;;<br />
IsMDMUnremovable = 0;<br />
IsMandatory = 1;<br />
IsSupervised = 1;<br />
OrganizationAddress = &quot;1600 Amphitheatre Parkway, n/a, , Mountain VIew, CA 94043&quot;;<br />
OrganizationAddressLine1 = &quot;1600 Amphitheatre Parkway&quot;;<br />
OrganizationAddressLine2 = &quot;n/a&quot;;<br />
OrganizationCity = &quot;Mountain VIew&quot;;<br />
OrganizationCountry = USA;<br />
OrganizationEmail = &quot;abma@google.com&quot;;<br />
OrganizationName = &quot;Google LLC&quot;;<br />
OrganizationPhone = 12125658743;<br />
OrganizationZipCode = 94043;<br />
SkipSetup = (<br />
AppleID,<br />
Siri,<br />
iCloudDiagnostics<br />
);<br />
}</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
== Kernel extensions ==<br />
<br />
Get list of approved kernel extensions (e.g. TripMode and Intel Power).<br />
<br />
<pre>$ echo 'select * from kext_policy; ' | sudo sqlite3 /var/db/SystemPolicyConfiguration/KextPolicy<br />
78UFGP42EU|ch.tripmode.TripModeNKE|1|Ludovic LEGER|1<br />
Z3L495V9L4|com.intel.driver.EnergyDriver|1|Intel Corporation Apps|1</pre><br />
<pre>$ echo 'select * from kext_policy_mdm;' | sudo sqlite3 /var/db/SystemPolicyConfiguration/KextPolicy<br />
EQHXZ8M8AV||1|82CBE2F3-84FA-4734-9E74-FB0F06DB8319<br />
P8DQRXPVLP||1|82CBE2F3-84FA-4734-9E74-FB0F06DB8319<br />
X9E956P446||1|82CBE2F3-84FA-4734-9E74-FB0F06DB8319<br />
3T5GSNBU6W|com.github.osxfuse.filesystems.osxfuse|1|82CBE2F3-84FA-4734-9E74-FB0F06DB8319</pre><br />
<pre>$ cat /var/db/ConfigurationProfiles/Settings/.cloudConfigRecordFound<br />
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><br />
<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd"><br />
<plist version="1.0"><br />
<dict><br />
<key>CloudConfigProfile</key><br />
<dict><br />
<key>AllowPairing</key><br />
<true/><br />
...<br />
</dict><br />
</dict><br />
</plsit></pre><br />
<br />
<br />
== Code signing ==<br />
<br />
Get code signing information about an app.<br />
<br />
<pre>$ codesign -dvv /Applications/ESET\ Endpoint\ Antivirus.app/Contents/PlugIns/kext/esets_kac_64_109.kext<br />
Executable=/Applications/ESET Endpoint Antivirus.app/Contents/PlugIns/kext/esets_kac_64_109.kext/Contents/MacOS/esets_kac_64_109<br />
Identifier=com.eset.kext.esets-kac<br />
Format=bundle with Mach-O thin (x86_64)<br />
CodeDirectory v=20200 size=759 flags=0x0(none) hashes=18+3 location=embedded<br />
Signature size=9055<br />
Authority=Developer ID Application: ESET, spol. s r.o. (P8DQRXPVLP)<br />
Authority=Developer ID Certification Authority<br />
Authority=Apple Root CA<br />
Timestamp=22 Aug 2018 at 19:39:32<br />
Info.plist entries=19<br />
TeamIdentifier=P8DQRXPVLP<br />
Sealed Resources version=2 rules=13 files=1<br />
Internal requirements count=1 size=36</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
== PowerChime ==<br />
<br />
The new MacBook Pro machine chimes when it gets power. Annoying??<br />
<br />
* https://apple.stackexchange.com/questions/265759/how-to-disable-plug-in-sound-on-late-2016-macbook-pro/265763#265763<br />
* https://apple.stackexchange.com/questions/282752/turning-power-chime-off<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
== Set static route, and make persistent on boot ==<br />
<br />
https://apple.stackexchange.com/questions/219834/how-to-set-network-devices-priority-on-afp-smb-transfers<br />
<br />
In the example below I assume the Ethernet router has the IP 192.168.0.1 and the network behind the router is the 192.168.56.0/24 network.<br />
<br />
<pre>sudo route add -net 192.168.56.0 192.168.0.1</pre><br />
To make this route persistent add a launch daemon on your machines:<br />
<br />
<pre>sudo nano /Library/LaunchDaemons/local.staticroute.shares.plist</pre><br />
with the content<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="xml"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><br />
<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd"><br />
<plist version="1.0"><br />
<dict><br />
<key>Label</key><br />
<string>local.staticroute.shares</string><br />
<key>ProgramArguments</key><br />
<array><br />
<string>route</string><br />
<string>add</string><br />
<string>-net</string><br />
<string>192.168.56.0</string><br />
<string>192.168.0.1</string><br />
</array><br />
<key>RunAtLoad</key><br />
<true/><br />
</dict><br />
</plist></pre><br />
Save the file (Ctrl-O) and quit Nano (Ctrl-X).<br />
<br />
Load the launch daemon with:<br />
<br />
<pre>sudo launchctl load -w /Library/LaunchDaemons/local.staticroute.shares.plist</pre><br />
To access the shares enter afp://192.168.56.x, cifs://192.168.56.x or smb://192.168.56.x (with x= the last octet of the IP address of the share).<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
== Open System Preferences as root ==<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="shell">sudo /System/Applications/System\ Preferences.app/Contents/MacOS/System\ Preferences</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
== macOS Big Sur ==<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
=== Change the menu bar date/time format ===<br />
<br />
Update the format using Terminal.<br />
<br />
<pre>defaults write com.apple.menuextra.clock DateFormat -string &quot;EEE d MMM h:mm a&quot;</pre><br />
My prefered version of the command. NOTE: spaces aren’t needed.<br />
<br />
<pre>defaults write com.apple.menuextra.clock DateFormat -string &quot;EMdhhmmss&quot;</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
=== System Extensions ===<br />
<br />
Get list of loaded extensions.<br />
<br />
<pre>$ kmutil showloaded</pre><br />
Get list of loaded auxillary extensions.<br />
<br />
<pre>$ kmutil showloaded --collection auxiliary</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
== macOS Catalina ==<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
=== Remove “default interactive” warning for bash. ===<br />
<br />
macOS Catalina ships with zsh as the default shell for licensing reasons. To notify users, a warning is presented each time a bash interactive shell is started.<br />
<br />
<pre>The default interactive shell is now zsh.<br />
To update your account to use zsh, please run `chsh -s /bin/zsh`.<br />
For more details, please visit https://support.apple.com/kb/HT208050.</pre><br />
To disable the warning, add this to <code>~/.bash_profile</code> or equivalent.<br />
<br />
<pre>export BASH_SILENCE_DEPRECATION_WARNING=1</pre></div>
Kward
https://wiki.forestent.com/index.php?title=Template:Info&diff=360
Template:Info
2022-04-08T15:58:54Z
<p>Kward: </p>
<hr />
<div>{| class="wikitable" style="background-color: lightgreen;"<br />
| '''INFO:''' {{{1}}}<br />
|}</div>
Kward
https://wiki.forestent.com/index.php?title=MADI&diff=359
MADI
2022-01-30T16:20:59Z
<p>Kward: </p>
<hr />
<div>MADI -- Multichannel Audio Digital Interface ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MADI Wikipedia])<br />
<br />
= Cables =<br />
<br />
The more common MADI cable uses the larger SC connector, and is a 2x-SC-to-2x-SC, 62.5/125 µm, multimode cable. Newer cables use the smaller LC connector. The multi-mode cable enables transmission up to 3km.<br />
<br />
It is also possible to use single-mode cables for distances up to 40k, but these require explicit support by the transmitters and receivers.</div>
Kward
https://wiki.forestent.com/index.php?title=MADI&diff=358
MADI
2022-01-30T16:20:30Z
<p>Kward: Created page with "MADI -- Multichannel Audio Digital Interface ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MADI Wikipedia]) = Cables = The most common MADI cable uses the larger SC connector, and is a 2x..."</p>
<hr />
<div>MADI -- Multichannel Audio Digital Interface ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MADI Wikipedia])<br />
<br />
= Cables =<br />
<br />
The most common MADI cable uses the larger SC connector, and is a 2x-SC-to-2x-SC, 62.5/125 µm, multimode cable. Newer cables use the smaller LC connector. The multi-mode cable enables transmission up to 3km.<br />
<br />
It is also possible to use single-mode cables for distances up to 40k, but these require explicit support by the transmitters and receivers.</div>
Kward
https://wiki.forestent.com/index.php?title=Main_Page&diff=357
Main Page
2022-01-30T16:13:06Z
<p>Kward: /* Pro AV */</p>
<hr />
<div>== Welcome to the musings of k8 wiki ==<br />
''This wiki is a supporting site for http://blog.forestent.com/<nowiki/>.''<br />
<br />
=== Projects ===<br />
Gathering practical information about the [[Avid S3L]] console, including using third-party [[AVB]] devices, and using the [[Avid Stage 16]] stage box as a stand-alone device.<br />
<br />
http://github.com/kward -- my Github projects<br />
<br />
=== Blog articles ===<br />
These are draft blog articles that will eventually be published at https://blog.forestent.com/.<br />
<br />
* [[Blog:Netgear GST724Tv4 and AVB]] -- The full end-to-end process of verifying the switch version, purchasing and installing an AVB license, and testing it between a Mac and AVB device (most likely various [[MOTU]] audio interfaces and the [[Avid S3L]]).<br />
<br />
=== Videos ===<br />
These are some videos I've produced.<br />
<br />
* musings of k8 (https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCGZ36HCSAZmdbi4A2TZzugw)<br />
** HOWTO Use Waves Plug-ins With an Avid S3L ([https://youtu.be/3Zddq5fh5MU YouTube])<br />
** HOWTO Do a Redundant Recording With the Avid S3L ([https://youtu.be/uQ16HJhvmv0 YouTube])<br />
** HOWTO Connect a MOTU AVB Device to the Avid S3L ([https://youtu.be/9bkhsHlYF_g YouTube])<br />
<br />
=== Information ===<br />
==== Random notes ====<br />
<br />
[[Notes:macOS|macOS]]<br />
<br />
[[1Password Application Passwords]] -- My personal mapping of application → app:// references I use so 1Password finds the right app.<br />
<br />
<br />
=== Pro AV ===<br />
==== Audio interfaces ====<br />
<br />
* [[:Category:MOTU|MOTU]]<br />
<br />
==== Avid consoles ====<br />
<br />
* [[Avid S3L]] (including the S3L-X)<br />
* [[Avid S3L and macOS]]<br />
* [[Avid S6L]]<br />
<br />
==== AVB ====<br />
<br />
OS Support<br />
* [[macOS AVB]]<br />
<br />
Routing<br />
* [[AVB Controller]]s<br />
<br />
Networking<br />
* [[AVB Switches]]<br />
* [[MOTU AVB Switch]]<br />
* [[Netgear GS724Tv4]]<br />
* [[PreSonus SW5E]]<br />
* [[MADI]]<br />
<br />
=== Notes ===<br />
<br />
* [[Golang]] – The Go Programming Language<br />
<br />
=== Interesting… ===<br />
<br />
Things I find interesting, but don't have the time look deeper.<br />
<br />
Audio<br />
* [https://www.junger-audio.com/en/products/classic-line Jünger CLASSIC LINE]<br />
<br />
Economics<br />
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_von_Mises Ludwig von Mises] was an Austrian School economist, historian, logician and sociologist. Mises wrote and lectured extensively on the societal contributions of classical liberalism. He is best known for his work on praxeology, a study of human choice and action.<br />
* [http://bastiat.org/en/petition.html Bastiat's famous Candlestick makers' Petition] by Frédéric Bastiat<br />
* [https://wallstreetonparade.com/ Wall Street on Parade] -- A Citizen Guide to Wall Street<br />
* George Gammon ([https://www.youtube.com/c/GeorgeGammon/ YouTube]) –- Macro economics, money supply, and the US economy<br />
<br />
Gold<br />
* [https://www.incrementum.li/en/journal/in-gold-we-trust/ In Gold We Trust] -- Annual report on gold<br />
** [https://ingoldwetrust.report/igwt/ In Gold We Trust Report]<br />
<br />
Lightroom<br />
* [https://fstoppers.com/landscapes/how-properly-edit-fall-colors-lightroom-or-adobe-camera-raw-521845 How to Properly Edit Fall Colors in Lightroom or Adobe Camera Raw]<br />
<br />
=== Site ===<br />
* [[Site:Guidelines|Guidelines]]</div>
Kward
https://wiki.forestent.com/index.php?title=Main_Page&diff=356
Main Page
2022-01-30T16:12:33Z
<p>Kward: /* Welcome to the musings of k8 wiki */</p>
<hr />
<div>== Welcome to the musings of k8 wiki ==<br />
''This wiki is a supporting site for http://blog.forestent.com/<nowiki/>.''<br />
<br />
=== Projects ===<br />
Gathering practical information about the [[Avid S3L]] console, including using third-party [[AVB]] devices, and using the [[Avid Stage 16]] stage box as a stand-alone device.<br />
<br />
http://github.com/kward -- my Github projects<br />
<br />
=== Blog articles ===<br />
These are draft blog articles that will eventually be published at https://blog.forestent.com/.<br />
<br />
* [[Blog:Netgear GST724Tv4 and AVB]] -- The full end-to-end process of verifying the switch version, purchasing and installing an AVB license, and testing it between a Mac and AVB device (most likely various [[MOTU]] audio interfaces and the [[Avid S3L]]).<br />
<br />
=== Videos ===<br />
These are some videos I've produced.<br />
<br />
* musings of k8 (https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCGZ36HCSAZmdbi4A2TZzugw)<br />
** HOWTO Use Waves Plug-ins With an Avid S3L ([https://youtu.be/3Zddq5fh5MU YouTube])<br />
** HOWTO Do a Redundant Recording With the Avid S3L ([https://youtu.be/uQ16HJhvmv0 YouTube])<br />
** HOWTO Connect a MOTU AVB Device to the Avid S3L ([https://youtu.be/9bkhsHlYF_g YouTube])<br />
<br />
=== Information ===<br />
==== Random notes ====<br />
<br />
[[Notes:macOS|macOS]]<br />
<br />
[[1Password Application Passwords]] -- My personal mapping of application → app:// references I use so 1Password finds the right app.<br />
<br />
<br />
=== Pro AV ===<br />
==== Audio interfaces ====<br />
<br />
* [[:Category:MOTU|MOTU]]<br />
<br />
==== Avid consoles ====<br />
<br />
* [[Avid S3L]] (including the S3L-X)<br />
* [[Avid S3L and macOS]]<br />
* [[Avid S6L]]<br />
<br />
==== AVB ====<br />
<br />
OS Support<br />
* [[macOS AVB]]<br />
<br />
Routing<br />
* [[AVB Controller]]s<br />
<br />
Networking<br />
* [[AVB Switches]]<br />
* [[MOTU AVB Switch]]<br />
* [[Netgear GS724Tv4]]<br />
* [[PreSonus SW5E]]<br />
<br />
=== Notes ===<br />
<br />
* [[Golang]] – The Go Programming Language<br />
<br />
=== Interesting… ===<br />
<br />
Things I find interesting, but don't have the time look deeper.<br />
<br />
Audio<br />
* [https://www.junger-audio.com/en/products/classic-line Jünger CLASSIC LINE]<br />
<br />
Economics<br />
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_von_Mises Ludwig von Mises] was an Austrian School economist, historian, logician and sociologist. Mises wrote and lectured extensively on the societal contributions of classical liberalism. He is best known for his work on praxeology, a study of human choice and action.<br />
* [http://bastiat.org/en/petition.html Bastiat's famous Candlestick makers' Petition] by Frédéric Bastiat<br />
* [https://wallstreetonparade.com/ Wall Street on Parade] -- A Citizen Guide to Wall Street<br />
* George Gammon ([https://www.youtube.com/c/GeorgeGammon/ YouTube]) –- Macro economics, money supply, and the US economy<br />
<br />
Gold<br />
* [https://www.incrementum.li/en/journal/in-gold-we-trust/ In Gold We Trust] -- Annual report on gold<br />
** [https://ingoldwetrust.report/igwt/ In Gold We Trust Report]<br />
<br />
Lightroom<br />
* [https://fstoppers.com/landscapes/how-properly-edit-fall-colors-lightroom-or-adobe-camera-raw-521845 How to Properly Edit Fall Colors in Lightroom or Adobe Camera Raw]<br />
<br />
=== Site ===<br />
* [[Site:Guidelines|Guidelines]]</div>
Kward
https://wiki.forestent.com/index.php?title=1Password_Application_Passwords&diff=329
1Password Application Passwords
2021-12-28T20:53:12Z
<p>Kward: </p>
<hr />
<div>= Application references =<br />
<br />
This is my own personal application → app:// reference list. I wish that [https://1password.com/ 1Password] would maintain a list like this.<br />
<br />
{|<br />
! Vendor<br />
! Application<br />
! URL<br />
! Works?<br />
|-<br />
| Avid<br />
| [https://www.avid.com/products/avid-link Link]<br />
| app://com.avid.link<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| Rogue Amoeba<br />
| [https://rogueamoeba.com/loopback/ Loopback]<br />
| app://com.rogueamoeba.loopback<br />
| No<br />
|-<br />
| Waves<br />
| [https://www.waves.com/downloads/central Central]<br />
| app://com.wavesaudio.central<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
<br />
= Finding references =<br />
<br />
My method for determining the right link is as follows.<br />
<br />
# Open the '''macOS Console''' app.<br />
# Enter a search term (e.g., “waves” for “Waves Central”).<br />
# Start streaming.<br />
# Open the app.<br />
# Look for a line that matches a domain name in reverse (e.g., “com.wavesaudio.central” for “Waves Central”).<br />
<br />
If the search term was too specific, I try without one, which means sifting through more logs.</div>
Kward
https://wiki.forestent.com/index.php?title=Notes:macOS&diff=328
Notes:macOS
2021-12-28T20:45:38Z
<p>Kward: </p>
<hr />
<div>Stuff for macOS and OS X<br />
<br />
{{Info|[2020-11-19] These notes aren’t fully formatted yet as I’ve simply copied them from my personal notes. I’ll fix them with time.}}<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
= References =<br />
<br />
http://serverfault.com/questions/7346/what-are-useful-command-line-commands-on-mac-os-x<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
= Keyboard Shortcut Symbols =<br />
<br />
[https://support.apple.com/guide/mac-help/back-up-and-share-text-replacements-on-mac-mchl2a7bd795/mac Back up and share text replacements on Mac]<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
== Symbols ==<br />
<br />
Common symbols used by macOS.<br />
<br />
{|<br />
!width="57%"| Description<br />
!width="21%"| Symbol<br />
!width="21%"| Note<br />
|-<br />
| Apple<br />
| <br />
| ⌘-Option-K (works on a Mac, but might be different on other OSes)<br />
|-<br />
| Command<br />
| ⌘<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| Delete<br />
| ⌫<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| Escape<br />
| ⎋ / ␛<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| Fn-Down<br />
| ⇟<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| Fn-Left<br />
| ↖︎<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| Fn-Right<br />
| ↘︎<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| Fn-Up<br />
| ⇞<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| Option<br />
| ⌥<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| Power<br />
| ⌽<br />
| substitute as there isn’t a good one; http://unicodepowersymbol.com/<br />
|-<br />
| Return<br />
| ⏎<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| Shift<br />
| ⇧<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| Tab<br />
| ⇥<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
== Accents ==<br />
<br />
Method 1: To type an accented or alternate version of a character, hold a key down until its alternate characters are displayed. (https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT201586)<br />
<br />
Method 2: Request accent, then character. (http://symbolcodes.tlt.psu.edu/accents/codemac.html)<br />
<br />
Method 3: Open Character Palette with Control-Command-Space. Find the desired character, then drag the character with the mouse into place to insert.<br />
<br />
{|<br />
! Name<br />
! Example<br />
! Shortcut + Char<br />
|-<br />
| Acute<br />
| ó Ó<br />
| Option-E, V<br />
|-<br />
| Circumflex<br />
| ô Ô<br />
| Option-I, V<br />
|-<br />
| Grave<br />
| ò Ò<br />
| Option-`, V<br />
|-<br />
| Tilde<br />
| õ Õ<br />
| Option-N, V (only works with a, n, and o)<br />
|-<br />
| Umlaut<br />
| ö Ö<br />
| Option-U, V<br />
|}<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
== Letters ==<br />
<br />
{|<br />
! Letter<br />
! Shortcut<br />
! Description<br />
|-<br />
| å<br />
| Option-A<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| ç<br />
| Option-C<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| ø<br />
| Option-O<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| ß<br />
| Option-S<br />
| Eszett<br />
|-<br />
| æ<br />
| Option-’<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
== Math Symbols ==<br />
<br />
Approximately : (≈) Option-X Degree : (°) Shift-Option-8 Delta : (∆) Option-J Division : (÷) Option-/ GreaterOrEqual : (≥) Option-. Infinity : (∞) Option-5 Intergal : (∫) Option-B LessOrEqual : (≤) Option-, Micro : (µ) Option-M Ohm : (Ω) Option-Z PartialDerivative : (∂) Option-D PerMil : (‰) Shift-Option-R Pi : (π) Option-P Plus/Minus : (±) Shift-Option-= ProductPi : (∏) Shift-Option-P SquareRoot : (√) Option-V Sum : (∑) Option-W<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
== Punctuation ==<br />
<br />
Copyright : (©) Option+G Dagger : (†) Option+T Dot : (•) Option+8 EmDash : (—) Option+Shift+- EnDash : (–) Option+- Paragraph : (¶) Option+7 Registered : (®) Option+R Section : (§) Option+6 Trademark : (™) Option+2<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
== General ==<br />
<br />
Command-F2 : Act as external display on iMac Command-Delete : Delete a file Command-Shift-3 : Capture screen Command-Shift-4 : Capture window with cursor selection Command-Shift-4 + Space : Capture window Command-Shift-5 : Record cropped window Command-Shift-5 + Space : Record a window Command-Shift-Q : Log out with confirmation Command-Shift-Option-Q : Log out without confirmation<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
== Documents ==<br />
<br />
{|<br />
!width="21%"| Key combination<br />
!width="78%"| Description<br />
|-<br />
| ⌘-B<br />
| Boldface the selected text, or turn boldfacing on or off.<br />
|-<br />
| ⌘-Option-C<br />
| Copy Style: Copy the formatting settings of the selected item to the Clipboard.<br />
|-<br />
| ⌘-D<br />
| Select the Desktop folder from within an Open dialog or Save dialog.<br />
|-<br />
| ⌘-Control-D<br />
| Show or hide the definition of the selected word.<br />
|-<br />
| ⌘-Option-F<br />
| Go to the search field.<br />
|-<br />
| ⌘-I<br />
| Italicise the selected text, or turn italics on or off.<br />
|-<br />
| ⌘-Option-I<br />
| Show or hide the inspector window.<br />
|-<br />
| ⌘-L<br />
| During software installation, show a log of actions.<br />
|-<br />
| ⌘-Shift-P<br />
| Page setup: Display a window for selecting document settings.<br />
|-<br />
| ⌘-Shift-S<br />
| Display the ave As dialog, or duplicate the current document.<br />
|-<br />
| ⌘-T<br />
| Show or hide the Fonts window.<br />
|-<br />
| ⌘-Option-T<br />
| Show or hide a toolbar in the app.<br />
|-<br />
| ⌘-U<br />
| Underline the selected text, or turn underlining on or off.<br />
|-<br />
| ⌘-Option-V<br />
| Paste Style: Apply the copied style to the selected item.<br />
|-<br />
| ⌘-Option-Shift-V<br />
| Paste and Match Style: Apply the style of the surrounding content to the item pasted within that content.<br />
|-<br />
| ⌘-;<br />
| Fix misspelled words in the document.<br />
|-<br />
| ⌘-Shift-:<br />
| Display the Spelling and Grammar window<br />
|-<br />
| ⌘-⌫<br />
| Select Delete or Don’t Save in a dialog that contains a Delete or Don’t Save button.<br />
|}<br />
<br />
Command–DownArrow : Move the insertion point to the end of the document. Command–Equal : … performs the same function. Command–LeftArrow : Move the insertion point to the beginning of the current line. Command–LeftCurlyBracket : Left align. Command–RightArrow : Move the insertion point to the end of the current line. Command–RightCurlyBracket : Right align. Command–Shift–DownArrow : Select the text between the insertion point and the end of the document. Command–Shift–LeftArrow : Select the text between the insertion point and the beginning of the current line. Command–Shift–Minus : Decrease the size of the selected item. Command–Shift–Plus : Increase the size of the selected item. Command–Shift–QuestionMark : Open the Help menu. Command–Shift–RightArrow : Select the text between the insertion point and the end of the current line. Command–Shift–UpArrow : Select the text between the insertion point and the beginning of the document. Command–Shift–VerticalBar : Center align. Command–UpArrow : Move the insertion point to the beginning of the document. Control-A : Move to the beginning of the line or paragraph. Control-B : Move one character backward. Control-D : Delete the character to the right of the insertion point. Or use Fn-Delete. Control-E : Move to the end of a line or paragraph. Control-F : Move one character forward. Control-H : Delete the character to the left of the insertion point. Or use Delete. Control-K : Delete the text between the insertion point and the end of the line or paragraph. Control-L : Center the cursor or selection in the visible area. Control-N : Move down one line. Control-O : Insert a new line after the insertion point. Control-P : Move up one line. Control-T : Swap the character behind the insertion point with the character in front of the insertion point. Fn-Delete : Forward delete on keyboards that don’t have a Forward Delete key. Or use Control-D. Fn–DownArrow : Page Down: Scroll down one page. Fn–LeftArrow : Home: Scroll to the beginning of a document. Fn–RightArrow : End: Scroll to the end of a document. Fn–UpArrow : Page Up: Scroll up one page. Option-Delete : Delete the word to the left of the insertion point. Option–LeftArrow : Move the insertion point to the beginning of the previous word. Option–RightArrow : Move the insertion point to the end of the next word. Shift–DownArrow : Extend text selection to the nearest character at the same horizontal location on the line below. Shift–LeftArrow : Extend text selection one character to the left. Shift–Option–DownArrow : Extend text selection to the end of the current paragraph, then to the end of the following paragraph if pressed again. Shift–Option–LeftArrow : Extend text selection to the beginning of the current word, then to the beginning of the following word if pressed again. Shift–Option–RightArrow : Extend text selection to the end of the current word, then to the end of the following word if pressed again. Shift–Option–UpArrow : Extend text selection to the beginning of the current paragraph, then to the beginning of the following paragraph if pressed again. Shift–RightArrow : Extend text selection one character to the right. Shift–UpArrow : Extend text selection to the nearest character at the same horizontal location on the line above.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
== Booting ==<br />
<br />
https://support.apple.com/en-eg/HT201255 http://www.tech-recipes.com/rx/2818/os_x_ten_boot_options_for_leopard/<br />
<br />
{|<br />
!width="44%"| Key<br />
!width="55%"| Desc<br />
|-<br />
| C<br />
| Boot from CD/DVD<br />
|-<br />
| D / Option-D<br />
| Diagnostics or Apple Hardware Test mode / via-Internet. 1) Unplug MacBook Pro from power, and fully power off the machine. 2) Power on and press-and-hold the D key. 3) Release when prompted to choose a language.<br />
|-<br />
| N<br />
| Netboot<br />
|-<br />
| R<br />
| PowerBook Display Reset<br />
|-<br />
| T<br />
| Target disk mode<br />
|-<br />
| X<br />
| Startup from OS X instead of from non-OS X startup<br />
|-<br />
| ⌘-Option-P-R<br />
| Reset PRAM. Do immediately after powering on, and release after 2nd Apple logo or 20sec, whichever comes first.<br />
|-<br />
| ⌘-R / ⌘-Option-R<br />
| OS X Recovery / over the Internet<br />
|-<br />
| Command-S<br />
| Single User Mode<br />
|-<br />
| Command-V<br />
| Verbose Boot<br />
|-<br />
| LeftShift-Control-Option-Power<br />
| [https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT201295 Reset SMC]. Do with power off. Hold for 10 sec, then power on again.<br />
|-<br />
| Left_Mouse / F12 / mouse_button / trackpad_button<br />
| Eject Media<br />
|-<br />
| Option<br />
| Startup Manager<br />
|-<br />
| Option-D<br />
| Diagnostics or Apple Hardware Test via Internet<br />
|-<br />
| Option-N<br />
| NetBoot using default image<br />
|-<br />
| Shift<br />
| Safe Mode<br />
|}<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
= Downloads =<br />
<br />
[https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT201372 How to create a bootable installer for macOS]<br />
<br />
10.15 [https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/macos-catalina/id1466841314?ls=1&mt=12 Catalina]<br />
<br />
<pre>sudo /Applications/Install\ macOS\ Catalina.app/Contents/Resources/createinstallmedia \<br />
--volume /Volumes/MyVolume</pre><br />
10.14 [https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/macos-mojave/id1398502828?ls=1&mt=12 Mojave]<br />
<br />
<pre>sudo /Applications/Install\ macOS\ Mojave.app/Contents/Resources/createinstallmedia \<br />
--volume /Volumes/MyVolume</pre><br />
10.13 [https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/macos-high-sierra/id1246284741?ls=1&mt=12 High Sierra]<br />
<br />
<pre>sudo /Applications/Install\ macOS\ High\ Sierra.app/Contents/Resources/createinstallmedia \<br />
--volume /Volumes/MyVolume</pre><br />
10.12 [http://updates-http.cdn-apple.com/2019/cert/061-41343-20191023-02465f92-3ab5-4c92-bfe2-b725447a070d/InstallMacOSX.dmg Yosemite]<br />
<br />
10.11 [http://updates-http.cdn-apple.com/2019/cert/061-41424-20191024-218af9ec-cf50-4516-9011-228c78eda3d2/InstallMacOSX.dmg El Capitan]<br />
<br />
<pre>sudo /Applications/Install\ OS\ X\ El\ Capitan.app/Contents/Resources/createinstallmedia \<br />
--volume /Volumes/MyVolume \<br />
--applicationpath /Applications/Install\ OS\ X\ El\ Capitan.app</pre><br />
10.10 [http://updates-http.cdn-apple.com/2019/cert/061-39476-20191023-48f365f4-0015-4c41-9f44-39d3d2aca067/InstallOS.dmg Sierra]<br />
<br />
<pre>$ sudo /Applications/Install\ OS\ X\ Sierra.app/Contents/Resources/createinstallmedia \<br />
--volume /Volumes/MyVolume \<br />
--applicationpath /Applications/Install\ OS\ X\ Sierra.app</pre><br />
10.9 Maverics<br />
<br />
<pre>$ sudo /Applications/Install\ OS\ X\ Mavericks.app/Contents/Resources/createinstallmedia \<br />
--volume /Volumes/MyVolume \<br />
--applicationpath /Applications/Install\ OS\ X\ Mavericks.app</pre><br />
[https://support.apple.com/downloads/tiger Legacy]<br />
<br />
See also: https://appleinsider.com/articles/19/11/23/how-to-get-an-old-macos-installer-from-apple<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
= File systems =<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
== Create ISO from CDR ==<br />
<br />
https://forums.macrumors.com/threads/converting-cdr-to-iso.783690/<br />
<br />
Convert a CDR to ISO.<br />
<br />
<pre>$ hdiutil makehybrid -iso -joliet -o diskimage.iso diskimage.cdr</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
== Write ISO to USB ==<br />
<br />
For bootable images, use one of:<br />
<br />
* [https://www.balena.io/etcher/ Etcher] – '''recommended''' for bootable CD/DVD<br />
* [http://unetbootin.github.io/ UNetbootin] – useful if additional FreeDOS boot is needed (e.g. for firmware upgrades)<br />
<br />
For data only…<br />
<br />
https://snipt.net/w00kie/how-do-i-burn-an-iso-on-a-usb-drive-on-mac-os-x/<br />
<br />
Convert the file to a Disk Image. Note a <code>.dmg</code> extension will be added.<br />
<br />
<pre>$ hdiutil convert -format UDRW -o /path/to/target /path/to/original.iso</pre><br />
Find current devices<br />
<br />
<pre>$ diskutil list</pre><br />
Unmount device<br />
<br />
<pre>$ diskutil unmountDisk /dev/diskN</pre><br />
Write to USB<br />
<br />
<pre>$ sudo dd if=/path/to/target.dmg of=/dev/rdiskN bs=1m</pre><br />
Eject the disk<br />
<br />
<pre>$ diskutil eject /dev/diskN</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
== Format a disk from the command-line ==<br />
<br />
Format with JHFS+ (Journaled HFS+) with a GPT partition layout.<br />
<br />
<pre>diskutil eraseDisk jhfs+ &quot;ICY BOX 500G&quot; gpt /dev/diskX</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
== Create custom CoreStorage drive ==<br />
<br />
http://www.cnet.com/how-to/how-to-make-a-custom-corestorage-drive-in-os-x/<br />
<br />
Create a CoreStorage volume. Will be using disk0 (SSD) and disk1 (HDD).<br />
<br />
Partition all drives to be part of CS with single GUID partition, named ‘Untitled’. Then determine their drive names<br />
<br />
<pre>$ diskutil list</pre><br />
Create the logical volume group. Note the 1st drive is the SSD drive, and 2nd is drive is the HDD.<br />
<br />
<pre>$ diskutil cs create Macintosh\ LVG disk0 disk1</pre><br />
List CS volumes<br />
<br />
<pre>$ diskutil cs list</pre><br />
Create volume in the volume group using UUID of LVG<br />
<br />
<pre>$ diskutil cs createVolume UUID jhfs+ Macintosh\ HD 100%</pre><br />
If desired, encrypt the logical volume just created<br />
<br />
<pre>$ diskutil cs list<br />
$ diskutil cs encryptVolume UUID</pre><br />
Delete a CS LVG.<br />
<br />
<pre>$ diskutil cs delete UUID</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
== Get serial number of drive ==<br />
<br />
<pre>$ ioreg -l |less</pre><br />
== ditto ==<br />
<br />
Mirror directories in OS X, preserving all ownership and permission data.<br />
<br />
<pre># ditto -V /Users /Volumes/SecondaryHD/Users</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
== Write DMG to disk ==<br />
<br />
http://coolestguyplanettech.com/downtown/how-image-mac-os-x-107-lion-command-lineterminal<br />
<br />
# Mount the destination drive<br />
# Issue this command, replacing source and destination paths<br />
<br />
<pre>$ asr restore \<br />
--source /path-to-source-dmg-image \<br />
--target /Volumes/path-to-destination-volume \<br />
--erase \<br />
--format HFS+ \<br />
--noverify</pre><br />
* The '''–erase''' will erase the destination format<br />
* The '''–format''' is optional and only required if the destination needs to be reformatted<br />
* The '''–noverify''' is optional and skips verification - but obviously doesn’t verify a successful restore.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
== Mount DMG as disk – loopback ==<br />
<br />
http://apple.stackexchange.com/questions/9284/does-mac-have-something-similar-to-a-linux-loop-device<br />
<br />
The upgrade from MacOS 10.12.1 to 10.12.2 broke my APFS formatted Ableton SDCard drive. Ugh :-(. Luckily I still had a machine running 10.12.1, so I figured I’d try to fix things.<br />
<br />
I started by dumping the raw disk <code>/dev/disk2</code> using <code>dd</code>.<br />
<br />
<pre>$ dd if=/dev/disk2 of=/Volumes/Samsung_T1/Ableton-d2.dmg bs=1m</pre><br />
Mount the disk. ''Note: I could have added the <code>-nomount</code> option after <code>attach</code> to have prevented the disk from actually mounting.''<br />
<br />
<pre>$ hdiutil attach /Volumes/Samsung_T1/Ableton-d2.dmg<br />
/dev/disk2 GUID_partition_scheme<br />
/dev/disk2s1 EFI<br />
/dev/disk2s2 Apple_APFS<br />
/dev/disk2s2s1 41504653-0000-11AA-AA11-0030654</pre><br />
Yay!<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
== APFS ==<br />
<br />
* https://developer.apple.com/library/content/documentation/FileManagement/Conceptual/APFS_Guide/Introduction/Introduction.html<br />
* http://www.howtogeek.com/272741/how-to-format-a-drive-with-the-apfs-file-system-on-macos-sierra/<br />
<br />
'''Sparse image'''<br />
<br />
Create a sparse image with APFS.<br />
<br />
<pre>$ hdiutil create -fs APFS -size 1GB foo.sparseimage</pre><br />
'''Physical disk'''<br />
<br />
Partition the disk<br />
<br />
<pre>$ sudo diskutil partitionDisk disk2 APFS Untitled 100%</pre><br />
'''Existing partition'''<br />
<br />
Create APFS container.<br />
<br />
<pre>$ diskutil apfs createContainer /dev/disk2s2</pre><br />
Create APFS volume in an APFS container.<br />
<br />
<pre>$ diskutil apfs addVolume disk2s2 APFS newAPFS</pre><br />
FSCK.<br />
<br />
<pre>$ fsck_apfs /dev/disk2s2</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
== NFS ==<br />
<br />
Change default behavior to work better with Linux servers.<br />
<br />
* https://j-li.net/posts/mounting-a-linux-nfs-on-osx<br />
<br />
<code>/etc/nfs.conf</code><br />
<br />
<pre># Generated automatically by NFS Manager 2016-10-19 23:06:36 +0000<br />
nfs.client.allow_async = 1<br />
nfs.client.nfsiod_thread_max = 128<br />
nfs.client.mount.options = nfc,intr<br />
nfs.client.is_mobile = 0</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
== Restart autofs without rebooting. ==<br />
<br />
Use the <code>automount</code> command.<br />
<br />
<pre>$ sudo automount -vc</pre><br />
Alternatively, use <code>launchctl</code>.<br />
<br />
<pre>$ sudo launchctl stop com.apple.autofsd</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
== Partitioning ==<br />
<br />
References<br />
<br />
* https://developer.apple.com/library/content/documentation/FileManagement/Conceptual/APFS_Guide/ToolsandAPIs/ToolsandAPIs.html#//apple_ref/doc/uid/TP40016999-CH7-DontLinkElementID_13<br />
* http://www.theinstructional.com/guides/disk-management-from-the-command-line-part-2<br />
<br />
Get list of info<br />
<br />
<pre>$ diskutil list</pre><br />
Format an entire drive as APFS<br />
<br />
<pre># command verb disk boot_record filesystem name size<br />
$ diskutil partitionDisk /dev/diskX GPT APFS NewName 0b</pre><br />
Arguments:<br />
<br />
* Boot Records<br />
** GPT (GUID Partition Table)<br />
** MBR (Master Boot Record)<br />
* Filesystems<br />
** APFS (Apple File System – beta in Sierra 10.12.1)<br />
** ExFAT<br />
** FAT32<br />
** HFS+ (Apple HFS+)<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
== Locked files or folders ==<br />
<br />
Look at the current flags:<br />
<br />
<pre>$ ls -lO /path/to/folder</pre><br />
Unlock them with:<br />
<br />
<pre>$ chflags nouchg /path/to/locked/folder</pre><br />
or with:<br />
<br />
<pre>$ SetFile -a l /path/to/locked/folder</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
= Cookbook =<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
== Homebrew ==<br />
<br />
The <code>ftp</code> and <code>telnet</code> are no longer included with macOS, but can be installed with Brew.<br />
<br />
<pre>$ brew install inetutils</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
== Resize a sparse bundle ==<br />
<br />
Unmount the image, and follow commands below.<br />
<br />
Compact the image (size stays the same).<br />
<br />
<pre>hdiutil compact filename.sparsebundle</pre><br />
Increase the size of the image (e.g. 8G to 12G).<br />
<br />
<pre>hdiutil resize -size 12G filename.sparsebundle</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
== Paragraph Sorting Service ==<br />
<br />
http://www.macosxautomation.com/services/learn/tut03/index.html<br />
<br />
<ol style="list-style-type: decimal;"><br />
<li>Open Automator.</li><br />
<li>Create a new “Service” workflow.</li><br />
<li>Configure workflow.<br />
<ol style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;"><br />
<li>Service receives selected &gt; text</li><br />
<li>in &gt; any application</li><br />
<li>check &lt; Replaces selected text</li></ol><br />
<br />
<ol start="4" style="list-style-type: decimal;"><br />
<li></li></ol><br />
</li></ol><br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
== Disable the Swoosh animation for Mac OS X Spaces ==<br />
<br />
macOS [10.12)<br />
<br />
System Preferences &gt; Accessibility &gt; Display &gt; Reduce motion<br />
<br />
macOS (10.11]<br />
<br />
* http://blog.sysmgr.org/2011/02/disable-swoosh-animation-for-mac-os-x.html<br />
* http://secrets.blacktree.com/?showapp=com.apple.dock – interesting<br />
* http://www.macosxhints.com/comment.php?mode=view&amp;cid=117778<br />
<br />
<pre>$ defaults write com.apple.dock \<br />
workspaces-swoosh-animation-off \<br />
-bool YES &&<br />
killall Dock</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
== Change screen capture behavior. ==<br />
<br />
Disable shadow on screen capture.<br />
<br />
<pre>$ defaults write com.apple.screencapture disable-shadow -bool TRUE<br />
$ killall SystemUIServer</pre><br />
Change the location of screen captures.<br />
<br />
<pre>$ defaults write com.apple.screencapture location ~/Pictures/Screenshots</pre><br />
Change the prefix of the screen capture filename.<br />
<br />
<pre>$ defaults write com.apple.screencapture name &quot;Pretty Picture&quot;<br />
$ killall SystemUIServer</pre><br />
Take a screen capture as PDF (PNG is default).<br />
<br />
<pre>$ defaults write com.apple.screencapture type pdf</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
== (En|Dis)able Bonjour Announcements (10.5+) ==<br />
<br />
Disable<br />
<br />
<pre>$ sudo launchctl unload -w /System/Library/LaunchDaemons/com.apple.mDNSResponder.plist</pre><br />
Enable<br />
<br />
<pre>$ sudo launchctl load -w /System/Library/LaunchDaemons/com.apple.mDNSResponder.plist</pre><br />
To leave it enabled, but not announce things via multicast DNS, edit the plist and add this line to the mDNSResponder options.<br />
<br />
<pre>&lt;string&gt;-NoMulticastAdvertisements&lt;/string&gt;</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
== Time Machine ==<br />
<br />
Change backup frequency (10.5+) http://hints.macworld.com/article.php?story=200710291721156<br />
<br />
Edit /System/Library/LaunchDaemons/com.apple.backupd-auto.plist and update the StartInterval setting. 3600[s] is 1h.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
== Cron’d stuff ==<br />
<br />
See entry at Oct 19, ’10 08:03:30PM in http://hints.macworld.com/article.php?story=200710291721156<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
== Sleep ==<br />
<br />
Sleep machine from command-line (10.5+)<br />
<br />
<pre>$ pmset sleepnow</pre><br />
=== pmset ===<br />
<br />
See ‘man pmset’ for more info. For 10.4 and prior, see http://www.snoize.com/SleepNow/.<br />
<br />
Figure out why machine isn’t sleeping.<br />
<br />
<pre>$ pmset -g assertions</pre><br />
Log sleep/wake messages<br />
<br />
<pre>$ pmset -g pslog</pre><br />
View the logs later<br />
<br />
<pre>$ pmset -g</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
== (En|Dis)able swap ==<br />
<br />
http://hints.macworld.com/article.php?story=201106020948369<br />
<br />
Disable<br />
<br />
<pre>$ sudo launchctl unload -w /System/Library/LaunchDaemons/com.apple.dynamic_pager.plist<br />
$ sudo rm /private/var/vm/swapfile*</pre><br />
Enable<br />
<br />
<pre>$ sudo launchctl load -w /System/Library/LaunchDaemons/com.apple.dynamic_pager.plist</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
== SMART ==<br />
<br />
http://hints.macworld.com/article.php?story=20031122041138373<br />
<br />
Get SMART status from the command-line<br />
<br />
<pre># diskutil list<br />
# diskutil info diskX |grep SMART</pre><br />
== sysctl ==<br />
<br />
[http://rolande.wordpress.com/2010/12/30/performance-tuning-the-network-stack-on-mac-osx-10-6/ Performance Tuning the Network Stack Mac OS X]<br />
<br />
Versions: [10.5-10.8)<br />
<br />
Put data into <code>/etc/sysctl.conf</code>.<br />
<br />
<pre>kern.ipc.maxsockbuf=4194304<br />
kern.ipc.somaxconn=512<br />
kern.ipc.nmbclusters=2048<br />
net.inet.tcp.rfc1323=1<br />
net.inet.tcp.win_scale_factor=3<br />
net.inet.tcp.sockthreshold=16<br />
net.inet.tcp.sendspace=262144<br />
net.inet.tcp.recvspace=262144<br />
net.inet.tcp.mssdflt=1440<br />
net.inet.tcp.msl=15000<br />
net.inet.tcp.always_keepalive=0<br />
net.inet.tcp.delayed_ack=0<br />
net.inet.tcp.slowstart_flightsize=4<br />
net.inet.tcp.blackhole=2<br />
net.inet.udp.blackhole=1<br />
net.inet.icmp.icmplim=50</pre><br />
Change these values for [10.8)<br />
<br />
<pre>kern.ipc.maxsockbuf=8388608<br />
<br />
# Enable support for 9000+ byte packets.<br />
# https://blah.cloud/hardware/test-jumbo-frames-working/<br />
net.inet.raw.maxdgram=16384</pre><br />
(old) Recommended values for <code>/etc/sysctl.conf</code>.<br />
<br />
{|<br />
! key<br />
! default<br />
! recommended<br />
! notes<br />
|-<br />
| net.inet.tcp.mssdflt<br />
| 512<br />
| 1440<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| net.inet.tcp.win_scale_factor<br />
| 3<br />
| 10<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| net.inet.tcp.sendspace<br />
| 65536<br />
| 2097152<br />
| 1/2 of kern.ipc.maxsockbuf<br />
|-<br />
| net.inet.tcp.recvspace<br />
| 65536<br />
| 2097152<br />
| 1/2 of kern.ipc.maxsockbuf<br />
|}<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
== Spotlight ==<br />
<br />
Check status of Spotlight<br />
<br />
<pre># mdutil -s /</pre><br />
Enable Spotlight<br />
<br />
<pre># mdutil -i on /</pre><br />
Rebuilt database<br />
<br />
<pre># mdutil -E /</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
== Restart Finder from the Terminal ==<br />
<br />
http://thewayeye.net/2012/january/4/how-restart-finder-terminal<br />
<br />
Kill Finder<br />
<br />
<pre>$ sudo killall Finder</pre><br />
Manually start if it doesn’t automatically<br />
<br />
<pre>$ open /System/Library/CoreServices/Finder.app</pre><br />
If all else fails, reboot<br />
<br />
<pre>$ shutdown -r</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
== Extract contents of a Payload file ==<br />
<br />
These are basically compressed cpio files.<br />
<br />
<pre>$ cat Payload |gzip -d |cpio -id</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
== Firewall ==<br />
<br />
List apps allowed/blocked by firewall.<br />
<br />
<pre>$ sudo /usr/libexec/ApplicationFirewall/socketfilterfw --listapps</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
== dtrace and other scripts ==<br />
<br />
http://dtrace.org/blogs/brendan/2011/10/10/top-10-dtrace-scripts-for-mac-os-x/<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
== Power management ==<br />
<br />
Get history of power management events<br />
<br />
<pre>$ pmset -g log |less</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
== Icon sets ==<br />
<br />
http://blog.macsales.com/28492-create-your-own-custom-icons-in-10-7-5-or-later<br />
<br />
Create PNG files.<br />
<br />
{|<br />
! Filename<br />
! Image Size (in pixels)<br />
|-<br />
| icon_512x512@2x.png<br />
| 1024 x 1024<br />
|-<br />
| icon_512x512.png<br />
| 512 x 512<br />
|-<br />
| icon_256x256@2x.png<br />
| 512 x 512<br />
|-<br />
| icon_256x256.png<br />
| 256 x 256<br />
|-<br />
| icon_128x128@2x.png<br />
| 256 x 256<br />
|-<br />
| icon_128x128.png<br />
| 128 x 128<br />
|-<br />
| icon_32x32@2x.png<br />
| 64 x 64<br />
|-<br />
| icon_32x32.png<br />
| 32 x 32<br />
|-<br />
| icon_16x16@2x.png<br />
| 32 x 32<br />
|-<br />
| icon_16x16.png<br />
| 16 x 16<br />
|}<br />
<br />
Create an <code>myicon.iconset</code> folder, and put all files in that folder.<br />
<br />
Create a <code>myicon.icns</code> file.<br />
<br />
<pre>$ iconutil -c icns /path/to/myicon.iconset</pre><br />
Get info about the drive / file, and copy the <code>myicon.icns</code> file over the drive icon of the file.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
== Kill parentalcontrolsd regularly ==<br />
<br />
Create the following plist as <code>/Library/LaunchDaemons/com.forestent.noparentalcontrolsd</code> with root as owner.<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="xml"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><br />
<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd"><br />
<plist version="1.0"><br />
<dict><br />
<key>Label</key><br />
<string>com.stevenlin.antiparent</string><br />
<br />
<key>ProgramArguments</key><br />
<array><br />
<string>/bin/launchctl</string><br />
<string>kill</string><br />
<string>SIGSTOP</string><br />
<string>system/com.apple.familycontrols</string><br />
</array><br />
<br />
<key>Nice</key><br />
<integer>1</integer><br />
<br />
<key>StartInterval</key><br />
<integer>600</integer><br />
<br />
<key>RunAtLoad</key><br />
<true/><br />
<br />
</dict><br />
</plist></pre><br />
Load the plist.<br />
<br />
<pre>$ sudo launchctl load /Library/LaunchDaemons/com.forestent.noparentalcontrolsd</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
== Install a package from the command-line ==<br />
<br />
Use <code>/usr/sbin/installer</code>.<br />
<br />
<pre>$ sudo installer -pkg /path/to/package.pkg -target /</pre><br />
<pre>sudo installer -pkg macOSUpd10.14.3.pkg -target / -verboseR -dumplog 2&gt;&amp;1 |tee ~/var/log/macOSUpd10.14.3.log</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
== Upgrade software from the command-line ==<br />
<br />
Use <code>softwareupdate</code>.<br />
<br />
<pre>$ softwareupdate -l<br />
Software Update Tool<br />
<br />
Fining available software</pre><br />
If the updater is hitting problems, e.g. unable to contact update servers, consider resetting the catalogs. (Was needed for 10.14.3 at Google.)<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="shell">sudo softwareupdate --clear-catalog</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
== Change visibility of hidden folders ==<br />
<br />
Use <code>/usr/bin/chflags</code>.<br />
<br />
<pre>$ chflags nohidden ~/Library</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
== Force RGB Mode (a.k.a. fix horrible fonts) ==<br />
<br />
http://www.iphonetopics.com/force-rgb-mode-in-mac-os-x/<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
= Misc. Utilities =<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
== Expansion Slot Utility ==<br />
<br />
The utility is located in /System/Library/CoreServices and is used to configure the performance of the PCI slots.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
== Fonts ==<br />
<br />
https://discussions.apple.com/thread/3646002?tstart=0 http://www.thexlab.com/faqs/undofontbook.html http://www.jklstudios.com/misc/osxfonts.htm<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
== pmset ==<br />
<br />
Get the current settings<br />
<br />
<pre>$ pmset -g<br />
System-wide power settings:<br />
Currently in use:<br />
standby 1<br />
Sleep On Power Button 1<br />
womp 0<br />
autorestart 0<br />
hibernatefile /var/vm/sleepimage<br />
powernap 1<br />
gpuswitch 2<br />
networkoversleep 0<br />
disksleep 10<br />
sleep 60 (sleep prevented by backupd, AddressBookSourceSync, nsurlsessiond, nsurlsessiond, nsurlsessiond, nsurlsessiond, nsurlsessiond)<br />
autopoweroffdelay 28800<br />
hibernatemode 0<br />
autopoweroff 1<br />
ttyskeepawake 1<br />
displaysleep 60<br />
standbydelay 10800</pre><br />
=== autopoweroff ===<br />
<br />
''This is the reason my 2013 Mac Pro wakes so slowly from sleep each morning.''<br />
<br />
https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT201635<br />
<br />
'''autopoweroff''' is enabled by default on supported platforms as an implementation of Lot 6 to the European Energy-related Products Directive. After sleeping for <code>autopoweroffdelay</code> seconds, the system will write a hibernation image and go into a lower power chipset sleep. Wakeups from this state will take longer than wakeups from regular sleep.<br />
<br />
== bputil ==<br />
<br />
https://keith.github.io/xcode-man-pages/bputil.1.html<br />
<br />
Utility to precisely modify the security settings on Apple Silicon Macs<br />
<br />
== trustd ==<br />
<br />
https://sneak.berlin/20201112/your-computer-isnt-yours/<br />
<br />
This makes requests to ocsp.apple.com each and every time an app is opened. Ugh.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
= Troubleshooting =<br />
<br />
https://github.com/upekkha/AppleHardwareTest<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
== Previous shutdown cause ==<br />
<br />
Look at the log on the command-line, and compare to documented causes can be found on this [https://georgegarside.com/blog/macos/shutdown-causes/ blog].<br />
<br />
<pre>$ log show --predicate 'eventMessage contains "Previous shutdown cause:"'<br />
Skipping info and debug messages, pass --info and/or --debug to include.<br />
Filtering the log data using "eventMessage CONTAINS "Previous shutdown cause:""<br />
Timestamp Thread Type Activity PID<br />
2017-11-30 17:12:25.019394+0100 0x379 Default 0x0 0 kernel: (AppleSMC) Previous shutdown cause: 3<br />
2017-12-06 18:16:46.306853+0100 0x3ff Default 0x0 0 kernel: (AppleSMC) Previous shutdown cause: 5<br />
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------<br />
Log - Default: 2, Info: 0, Debug: 0, Error: 0, Fault: 0<br />
Activity - Create: 0, Transition: 0, Actions: 0</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
== Mouse Lag ==<br />
<br />
Try turning off the mouse, removing it from the Bluetooth preferences window, and repairing the device.<br />
<br />
On the Mac Pro (Late 2013) model, Wi-Fi seems to interfere with the Bluetooth signal such that the mouse lags. Disable Wi-Fi if possible, or use a hardwired mouse.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
== DNS resolution ==<br />
<br />
* https://discussions.apple.com/thread/3339686?start=0&amp;tstart=0<br />
* http://www.justincarmony.com/blog/2011/07/27/mac-os-x-lion-etc-hosts-bugs-and-dns-resolution/<br />
<br />
Get dump of resolvers<br />
<br />
<pre>$ scutil --dns</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
== Reset DNS cache ==<br />
<br />
OS X &lt;= 10.9.* &amp;&amp; &gt;= 10.10.4<br />
<br />
<pre>$ sudo killall -HUP mDNSResponder</pre><br />
OS X 10.10.0 - 10.10.3<br />
<br />
<pre>$ sudo discoveryutil mdnsflushcache</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
== Finder – “File is damaged” ==<br />
<br />
Finder is reporting “File is damaged” and “Move to Trash” or “Unmount disk”. If you know the file is fine, remove the quarantine <code>xattr</code>, and try again.<br />
<br />
<pre>$ xattr -d com.apple.quarantine /path/to/file</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
== Cannot verify installer ==<br />
<br />
http://www.macrumors.com/2016/03/03/older-os-x-installers-broken-by-certificate/<br />
<br />
Installers downloaded before Feb 14 2016 will not validate because the certificate used to sign the installer expired. To work around the issue, quit out of the installer, set the date back, and rerun the installer.<br />
<br />
<pre>$ date 0201010116</pre><br />
Alternatively, a newer version of the installer can be downloaded. Unfortunately, older OS X installs won’t be available, so the date method must be used.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
== Look at available Wi-Fi networks ==<br />
<br />
http://apple.stackexchange.com/questions/131852/how-do-you-force-a-5-ghz-wifi-connection<br />
<br />
Scan for network BSSIDs.<br />
<br />
<pre>/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Apple80211.framework/Versions/Current/Resources/airport scan<br />
SSID BSSID RSSI CHANNEL HT CC SECURITY (auth/unicast/group)<br />
Valerie c0:25:06:cf:0c:d3 -78 100,+1 Y DE WPA2(PSK/AES/AES)<br />
Valerie c0:25:06:cf:0c:d7 -69 11 Y DE WPA2(PSK/AES/AES)</pre><br />
For &lt;=10.6 use a different command.<br />
<br />
<pre>/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Apple80211.framework/Versions/Current/Resources/airport --associate=XXX --bssid=YYY</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
== Downgrade from High Sierra to Sierra ==<br />
<br />
https://www.imore.com/how-downgrade-macos<br />
<br />
Technically, a downgrade isn’t possible from backup :-(<br />
<br />
Erase a disk with the MacOS Extended (Journaled) format, with a name of <code>Untitled</code>.<br />
<br />
Create install media, using <code>/Volume/Untitled</code> as destination volume.<br />
<br />
* The volume will again be erased, so it is OK to use the old volume name.<br />
* The <code>--applicationpath</code> must be the '''fully qualified path'''.<br />
<br />
<pre>$ sudo /Applications/Install\ macOS\ High\ Sierra.app/Contents/Resources/createinstallmedia \<br />
--volume /Volumes/Untitled \<br />
--applicationpath "/Applications/Install macOS Sierra.app"<br />
Ready to start.<br />
To continue we need to erase the disk at /Volumes/Untitled.<br />
If you wish to continue type (Y) then press return: y<br />
Erasing Disk: 0%... 10%... 20%... 30%...100%...<br />
Copying installer files to disk...<br />
Copy complete.<br />
Making disk bootable...<br />
Copying boot files...<br />
Copy complete.<br />
Done.</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
== Adjust macOS font smoothing ==<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
=== Font smoothing ===<br />
<br />
https://software.com/mac/tweaks/change-font-smoothing<br />
<br />
Display the current font smoothing:<br />
<br />
<pre>$ defaults -currentHost read -globalDomain AppleFontSmoothing</pre><br />
Change the font smoothing (0=off, 1=light, 2=Medium/flat panel, 3=strong/blurred) This is mostly needed for non-Apple displays. Restart applications to see the effect<br />
<br />
<pre>$ defaults -currentHost write -globalDomain AppleFontSmoothing -int 0</pre><br />
Delete the setting completely (restore default)<br />
<br />
<pre>$ defaults -currentHost delete -globalDomain AppleFontSmoothing</pre><br />
Set the font anti-aliasing minimum sizes, globally or per-application:<br />
<br />
<pre>$ defaults -currentHost write .GlobalPreferences AppleSmoothFontsSizeThreshold -int 16<br />
$ defaults -currentHost write .GlobalPreferences AppleFontSmoothing -int 0<br />
$ defaults -currentHost write com.apple.safari AppleAntiAliasingThreshold -int 16</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
=== Anti-aliasing ===<br />
<br />
Read the current value.<br />
<br />
<pre>$ defaults read NSGlobalDomain AppleAntiAliasingThreshold<br />
4</pre><br />
The anti-aliasing can be configured per application. (https://ss64.com/osx/syntax-defaults.html)<br />
<br />
<pre>$ defaults -currentHost write com.apple.safari AppleAntiAliasingThreshold -int 16</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
= Misc =<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
== Commands looking at profile enrollment at work. ==<br />
<br />
Profile enrollment of some sort?<br />
<br />
<pre>$ profiles status -type enrollment</pre><br />
<pre>$ sudo profiles list<br />
_computerlevel[1] attribute: profileIdentifier: com.google.corp.gmac.applicationaccess<br />
_computerlevel[2] attribute: profileIdentifier: com.google.corp.gmac.chrome.extension.passwordalert<br />
_computerlevel[3] attribute: profileIdentifier: com.google.corp.gmac.networkprofile<br />
_computerlevel[4] attribute: profileIdentifier: com.google.corp.gmac.chrome.extensionsettings<br />
_computerlevel[5] attribute: profileIdentifier: com.google.corp.gmac.bird<br />
_computerlevel[6] attribute: profileIdentifier: com.google.mdm.profile.kext<br />
_computerlevel[7] attribute: profileIdentifier: com.google.mdm.profile.initial<br />
_computerlevel[8] attribute: profileIdentifier: com.google.corp.gmac.touchid<br />
_computerlevel[9] attribute: profileIdentifier: com.google.corp.gmac.internetsharing<br />
_computerlevel[10] attribute: profileIdentifier: com.google.corp.gmac.sparkle<br />
_computerlevel[11] attribute: profileIdentifier: com.google.corp.gmac.management<br />
_computerlevel[12] attribute: profileIdentifier: com.google.corp.gmac.restor<br />
_computerlevel[13] attribute: profileIdentifier: com.google.corp.gmac.chrome.extension.detangle<br />
_computerlevel[14] attribute: profileIdentifier: com.google.corp.gmac.chrome<br />
_computerlevel[15] attribute: profileIdentifier: com.google.corp.gmac.santa<br />
_computerlevel[16] attribute: profileIdentifier: com.google.corp.gmac.spotlight<br />
_computerlevel[17] attribute: profileIdentifier: com.google.corp.gmac.prefpanes<br />
There are 17 system configuration profiles installed</pre><br />
<pre>$ sudo profiles show -type enrollment<br />
Device Enrollment configuration:<br />
{<br />
AllowPairing = 1;<br />
AwaitDeviceConfigured = 1;<br />
ConfigurationURL = &quot;https://emmapplecodevice.googleapis.com/v1/_/deviceserver/C02h8e9nw/setup?key=AIzaSyAdMVj0IzE7K6u90EkdmoVTc_79_hO1i5w&quot;;<br />
IsMDMUnremovable = 0;<br />
IsMandatory = 1;<br />
IsSupervised = 1;<br />
OrganizationAddress = &quot;1600 Amphitheatre Parkway, n/a, , Mountain VIew, CA 94043&quot;;<br />
OrganizationAddressLine1 = &quot;1600 Amphitheatre Parkway&quot;;<br />
OrganizationAddressLine2 = &quot;n/a&quot;;<br />
OrganizationCity = &quot;Mountain VIew&quot;;<br />
OrganizationCountry = USA;<br />
OrganizationEmail = &quot;abma@google.com&quot;;<br />
OrganizationName = &quot;Google LLC&quot;;<br />
OrganizationPhone = 12125658743;<br />
OrganizationZipCode = 94043;<br />
SkipSetup = (<br />
AppleID,<br />
Siri,<br />
iCloudDiagnostics<br />
);<br />
}</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
== Kernel extensions ==<br />
<br />
Get list of approved kernel extensions (e.g. TripMode and Intel Power).<br />
<br />
<pre>$ echo 'select * from kext_policy; ' | sudo sqlite3 /var/db/SystemPolicyConfiguration/KextPolicy<br />
78UFGP42EU|ch.tripmode.TripModeNKE|1|Ludovic LEGER|1<br />
Z3L495V9L4|com.intel.driver.EnergyDriver|1|Intel Corporation Apps|1</pre><br />
<pre>$ echo 'select * from kext_policy_mdm;' | sudo sqlite3 /var/db/SystemPolicyConfiguration/KextPolicy<br />
EQHXZ8M8AV||1|82CBE2F3-84FA-4734-9E74-FB0F06DB8319<br />
P8DQRXPVLP||1|82CBE2F3-84FA-4734-9E74-FB0F06DB8319<br />
X9E956P446||1|82CBE2F3-84FA-4734-9E74-FB0F06DB8319<br />
3T5GSNBU6W|com.github.osxfuse.filesystems.osxfuse|1|82CBE2F3-84FA-4734-9E74-FB0F06DB8319</pre><br />
<pre>$ cat /var/db/ConfigurationProfiles/Settings/.cloudConfigRecordFound<br />
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><br />
<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd"><br />
<plist version="1.0"><br />
<dict><br />
<key>CloudConfigProfile</key><br />
<dict><br />
<key>AllowPairing</key><br />
<true/><br />
...<br />
</dict><br />
</dict><br />
</plsit></pre><br />
<br />
<br />
== Code signing ==<br />
<br />
Get code signing information about an app.<br />
<br />
<pre>$ codesign -dvv /Applications/ESET\ Endpoint\ Antivirus.app/Contents/PlugIns/kext/esets_kac_64_109.kext<br />
Executable=/Applications/ESET Endpoint Antivirus.app/Contents/PlugIns/kext/esets_kac_64_109.kext/Contents/MacOS/esets_kac_64_109<br />
Identifier=com.eset.kext.esets-kac<br />
Format=bundle with Mach-O thin (x86_64)<br />
CodeDirectory v=20200 size=759 flags=0x0(none) hashes=18+3 location=embedded<br />
Signature size=9055<br />
Authority=Developer ID Application: ESET, spol. s r.o. (P8DQRXPVLP)<br />
Authority=Developer ID Certification Authority<br />
Authority=Apple Root CA<br />
Timestamp=22 Aug 2018 at 19:39:32<br />
Info.plist entries=19<br />
TeamIdentifier=P8DQRXPVLP<br />
Sealed Resources version=2 rules=13 files=1<br />
Internal requirements count=1 size=36</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
== PowerChime ==<br />
<br />
The new MacBook Pro machine chimes when it gets power. Annoying??<br />
<br />
* https://apple.stackexchange.com/questions/265759/how-to-disable-plug-in-sound-on-late-2016-macbook-pro/265763#265763<br />
* https://apple.stackexchange.com/questions/282752/turning-power-chime-off<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
== Set static route, and make persistent on boot ==<br />
<br />
https://apple.stackexchange.com/questions/219834/how-to-set-network-devices-priority-on-afp-smb-transfers<br />
<br />
In the example below I assume the Ethernet router has the IP 192.168.0.1 and the network behind the router is the 192.168.56.0/24 network.<br />
<br />
<pre>sudo route add -net 192.168.56.0 192.168.0.1</pre><br />
To make this route persistent add a launch daemon on your machines:<br />
<br />
<pre>sudo nano /Library/LaunchDaemons/local.staticroute.shares.plist</pre><br />
with the content<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="xml"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><br />
<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd"><br />
<plist version="1.0"><br />
<dict><br />
<key>Label</key><br />
<string>local.staticroute.shares</string><br />
<key>ProgramArguments</key><br />
<array><br />
<string>route</string><br />
<string>add</string><br />
<string>-net</string><br />
<string>192.168.56.0</string><br />
<string>192.168.0.1</string><br />
</array><br />
<key>RunAtLoad</key><br />
<true/><br />
</dict><br />
</plist></pre><br />
Save the file (Ctrl-O) and quit Nano (Ctrl-X).<br />
<br />
Load the launch daemon with:<br />
<br />
<pre>sudo launchctl load -w /Library/LaunchDaemons/local.staticroute.shares.plist</pre><br />
To access the shares enter afp://192.168.56.x, cifs://192.168.56.x or smb://192.168.56.x (with x= the last octet of the IP address of the share).<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
== Open System Preferences as root ==<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="shell">sudo /System/Applications/System\ Preferences.app/Contents/MacOS/System\ Preferences</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
== macOS Big Sur ==<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
=== Change the menu bar date/time format ===<br />
<br />
Update the format using Terminal.<br />
<br />
<pre>defaults write com.apple.menuextra.clock DateFormat -string &quot;EEE d MMM h:mm a&quot;</pre><br />
My prefered version of the command. NOTE: spaces aren’t needed.<br />
<br />
<pre>defaults write com.apple.menuextra.clock DateFormat -string &quot;EMdhhmmss&quot;</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
=== System Extensions ===<br />
<br />
Get list of loaded extensions.<br />
<br />
<pre>$ kmutil showloaded</pre><br />
Get list of loaded auxillary extensions.<br />
<br />
<pre>$ kmutil showloaded --collection auxiliary</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
== macOS Catalina ==<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
=== Remove “default interactive” warning for bash. ===<br />
<br />
macOS Catalina ships with zsh as the default shell for licensing reasons. To notify users, a warning is presented each time a bash interactive shell is started.<br />
<br />
<pre>The default interactive shell is now zsh.<br />
To update your account to use zsh, please run `chsh -s /bin/zsh`.<br />
For more details, please visit https://support.apple.com/kb/HT208050.</pre><br />
To disable the warning, add this to <code>~/.bash_profile</code> or equivalent.<br />
<br />
<pre>export BASH_SILENCE_DEPRECATION_WARNING=1</pre></div>
Kward
https://wiki.forestent.com/index.php?title=Notes:macOS&diff=327
Notes:macOS
2021-12-28T20:42:24Z
<p>Kward: </p>
<hr />
<div>Stuff for macOS and OS X<br />
<br />
{{Info|[2020-11-19] These notes aren’t fully formatted yet as I’ve simply copied them from my personal notes. I’ll fix them with time.}}<br />
<br />
= References =<br />
<br />
http://serverfault.com/questions/7346/what-are-useful-command-line-commands-on-mac-os-x<br />
<br />
= Keyboard Shortcut Symbols =<br />
<br />
[https://support.apple.com/guide/mac-help/back-up-and-share-text-replacements-on-mac-mchl2a7bd795/mac Back up and share text replacements on Mac]<br />
<br />
== Symbols ==<br />
<br />
Common symbols used by macOS.<br />
<br />
{|<br />
!width="57%"| Description<br />
!width="21%"| Symbol<br />
!width="21%"| Note<br />
|-<br />
| Apple<br />
| <br />
| ⌘-Option-K (works on a Mac, but might be different on other OSes)<br />
|-<br />
| Command<br />
| ⌘<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| Delete<br />
| ⌫<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| Escape<br />
| ⎋ / ␛<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| Fn-Down<br />
| ⇟<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| Fn-Left<br />
| ↖︎<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| Fn-Right<br />
| ↘︎<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| Fn-Up<br />
| ⇞<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| Option<br />
| ⌥<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| Power<br />
| ⌽<br />
| substitute as there isn’t a good one; http://unicodepowersymbol.com/<br />
|-<br />
| Return<br />
| ⏎<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| Shift<br />
| ⇧<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| Tab<br />
| ⇥<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Accents ==<br />
<br />
Method 1: To type an accented or alternate version of a character, hold a key down until its alternate characters are displayed. (https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT201586)<br />
<br />
Method 2: Request accent, then character. (http://symbolcodes.tlt.psu.edu/accents/codemac.html)<br />
<br />
Method 3: Open Character Palette with Control-Command-Space. Find the desired character, then drag the character with the mouse into place to insert.<br />
<br />
{|<br />
! Name<br />
! Example<br />
! Shortcut + Char<br />
|-<br />
| Acute<br />
| ó Ó<br />
| Option-E, V<br />
|-<br />
| Circumflex<br />
| ô Ô<br />
| Option-I, V<br />
|-<br />
| Grave<br />
| ò Ò<br />
| Option-`, V<br />
|-<br />
| Tilde<br />
| õ Õ<br />
| Option-N, V (only works with a, n, and o)<br />
|-<br />
| Umlaut<br />
| ö Ö<br />
| Option-U, V<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Letters ==<br />
<br />
{|<br />
! Letter<br />
! Shortcut<br />
! Description<br />
|-<br />
| å<br />
| Option-A<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| ç<br />
| Option-C<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| ø<br />
| Option-O<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| ß<br />
| Option-S<br />
| Eszett<br />
|-<br />
| æ<br />
| Option-’<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Math Symbols ==<br />
<br />
Approximately : (≈) Option-X Degree : (°) Shift-Option-8 Delta : (∆) Option-J Division : (÷) Option-/ GreaterOrEqual : (≥) Option-. Infinity : (∞) Option-5 Intergal : (∫) Option-B LessOrEqual : (≤) Option-, Micro : (µ) Option-M Ohm : (Ω) Option-Z PartialDerivative : (∂) Option-D PerMil : (‰) Shift-Option-R Pi : (π) Option-P Plus/Minus : (±) Shift-Option-= ProductPi : (∏) Shift-Option-P SquareRoot : (√) Option-V Sum : (∑) Option-W<br />
<br />
== Punctuation ==<br />
<br />
Copyright : (©) Option+G Dagger : (†) Option+T Dot : (•) Option+8 EmDash : (—) Option+Shift+- EnDash : (–) Option+- Paragraph : (¶) Option+7 Registered : (®) Option+R Section : (§) Option+6 Trademark : (™) Option+2<br />
<br />
== General ==<br />
<br />
Command-F2 : Act as external display on iMac Command-Delete : Delete a file Command-Shift-3 : Capture screen Command-Shift-4 : Capture window with cursor selection Command-Shift-4 + Space : Capture window Command-Shift-5 : Record cropped window Command-Shift-5 + Space : Record a window Command-Shift-Q : Log out with confirmation Command-Shift-Option-Q : Log out without confirmation<br />
<br />
== Documents ==<br />
<br />
{|<br />
!width="21%"| Key combination<br />
!width="78%"| Description<br />
|-<br />
| ⌘-B<br />
| Boldface the selected text, or turn boldfacing on or off.<br />
|-<br />
| ⌘-Option-C<br />
| Copy Style: Copy the formatting settings of the selected item to the Clipboard.<br />
|-<br />
| ⌘-D<br />
| Select the Desktop folder from within an Open dialog or Save dialog.<br />
|-<br />
| ⌘-Control-D<br />
| Show or hide the definition of the selected word.<br />
|-<br />
| ⌘-Option-F<br />
| Go to the search field.<br />
|-<br />
| ⌘-I<br />
| Italicise the selected text, or turn italics on or off.<br />
|-<br />
| ⌘-Option-I<br />
| Show or hide the inspector window.<br />
|-<br />
| ⌘-L<br />
| During software installation, show a log of actions.<br />
|-<br />
| ⌘-Shift-P<br />
| Page setup: Display a window for selecting document settings.<br />
|-<br />
| ⌘-Shift-S<br />
| Display the ave As dialog, or duplicate the current document.<br />
|-<br />
| ⌘-T<br />
| Show or hide the Fonts window.<br />
|-<br />
| ⌘-Option-T<br />
| Show or hide a toolbar in the app.<br />
|-<br />
| ⌘-U<br />
| Underline the selected text, or turn underlining on or off.<br />
|-<br />
| ⌘-Option-V<br />
| Paste Style: Apply the copied style to the selected item.<br />
|-<br />
| ⌘-Option-Shift-V<br />
| Paste and Match Style: Apply the style of the surrounding content to the item pasted within that content.<br />
|-<br />
| ⌘-;<br />
| Fix misspelled words in the document.<br />
|-<br />
| ⌘-Shift-:<br />
| Display the Spelling and Grammar window<br />
|-<br />
| ⌘-⌫<br />
| Select Delete or Don’t Save in a dialog that contains a Delete or Don’t Save button.<br />
|}<br />
<br />
Command–DownArrow : Move the insertion point to the end of the document. Command–Equal : … performs the same function. Command–LeftArrow : Move the insertion point to the beginning of the current line. Command–LeftCurlyBracket : Left align. Command–RightArrow : Move the insertion point to the end of the current line. Command–RightCurlyBracket : Right align. Command–Shift–DownArrow : Select the text between the insertion point and the end of the document. Command–Shift–LeftArrow : Select the text between the insertion point and the beginning of the current line. Command–Shift–Minus : Decrease the size of the selected item. Command–Shift–Plus : Increase the size of the selected item. Command–Shift–QuestionMark : Open the Help menu. Command–Shift–RightArrow : Select the text between the insertion point and the end of the current line. Command–Shift–UpArrow : Select the text between the insertion point and the beginning of the document. Command–Shift–VerticalBar : Center align. Command–UpArrow : Move the insertion point to the beginning of the document. Control-A : Move to the beginning of the line or paragraph. Control-B : Move one character backward. Control-D : Delete the character to the right of the insertion point. Or use Fn-Delete. Control-E : Move to the end of a line or paragraph. Control-F : Move one character forward. Control-H : Delete the character to the left of the insertion point. Or use Delete. Control-K : Delete the text between the insertion point and the end of the line or paragraph. Control-L : Center the cursor or selection in the visible area. Control-N : Move down one line. Control-O : Insert a new line after the insertion point. Control-P : Move up one line. Control-T : Swap the character behind the insertion point with the character in front of the insertion point. Fn-Delete : Forward delete on keyboards that don’t have a Forward Delete key. Or use Control-D. Fn–DownArrow : Page Down: Scroll down one page. Fn–LeftArrow : Home: Scroll to the beginning of a document. Fn–RightArrow : End: Scroll to the end of a document. Fn–UpArrow : Page Up: Scroll up one page. Option-Delete : Delete the word to the left of the insertion point. Option–LeftArrow : Move the insertion point to the beginning of the previous word. Option–RightArrow : Move the insertion point to the end of the next word. Shift–DownArrow : Extend text selection to the nearest character at the same horizontal location on the line below. Shift–LeftArrow : Extend text selection one character to the left. Shift–Option–DownArrow : Extend text selection to the end of the current paragraph, then to the end of the following paragraph if pressed again. Shift–Option–LeftArrow : Extend text selection to the beginning of the current word, then to the beginning of the following word if pressed again. Shift–Option–RightArrow : Extend text selection to the end of the current word, then to the end of the following word if pressed again. Shift–Option–UpArrow : Extend text selection to the beginning of the current paragraph, then to the beginning of the following paragraph if pressed again. Shift–RightArrow : Extend text selection one character to the right. Shift–UpArrow : Extend text selection to the nearest character at the same horizontal location on the line above.<br />
<br />
== Booting ==<br />
<br />
https://support.apple.com/en-eg/HT201255 http://www.tech-recipes.com/rx/2818/os_x_ten_boot_options_for_leopard/<br />
<br />
{|<br />
!width="44%"| Key<br />
!width="55%"| Desc<br />
|-<br />
| C<br />
| Boot from CD/DVD<br />
|-<br />
| D / Option-D<br />
| Diagnostics or Apple Hardware Test mode / via-Internet. 1) Unplug MacBook Pro from power, and fully power off the machine. 2) Power on and press-and-hold the D key. 3) Release when prompted to choose a language.<br />
|-<br />
| N<br />
| Netboot<br />
|-<br />
| R<br />
| PowerBook Display Reset<br />
|-<br />
| T<br />
| Target disk mode<br />
|-<br />
| X<br />
| Startup from OS X instead of from non-OS X startup<br />
|-<br />
| ⌘-Option-P-R<br />
| Reset PRAM. Do immediately after powering on, and release after 2nd Apple logo or 20sec, whichever comes first.<br />
|-<br />
| ⌘-R / ⌘-Option-R<br />
| OS X Recovery / over the Internet<br />
|-<br />
| Command-S<br />
| Single User Mode<br />
|-<br />
| Command-V<br />
| Verbose Boot<br />
|-<br />
| LeftShift-Control-Option-Power<br />
| [https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT201295 Reset SMC]. Do with power off. Hold for 10 sec, then power on again.<br />
|-<br />
| Left_Mouse / F12 / mouse_button / trackpad_button<br />
| Eject Media<br />
|-<br />
| Option<br />
| Startup Manager<br />
|-<br />
| Option-D<br />
| Diagnostics or Apple Hardware Test via Internet<br />
|-<br />
| Option-N<br />
| NetBoot using default image<br />
|-<br />
| Shift<br />
| Safe Mode<br />
|}<br />
<br />
= Downloads =<br />
<br />
[https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT201372 How to create a bootable installer for macOS]<br />
<br />
10.15 [https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/macos-catalina/id1466841314?ls=1&mt=12 Catalina]<br />
<br />
<pre>sudo /Applications/Install\ macOS\ Catalina.app/Contents/Resources/createinstallmedia \<br />
--volume /Volumes/MyVolume</pre><br />
10.14 [https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/macos-mojave/id1398502828?ls=1&mt=12 Mojave]<br />
<br />
<pre>sudo /Applications/Install\ macOS\ Mojave.app/Contents/Resources/createinstallmedia \<br />
--volume /Volumes/MyVolume</pre><br />
10.13 [https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/macos-high-sierra/id1246284741?ls=1&mt=12 High Sierra]<br />
<br />
<pre>sudo /Applications/Install\ macOS\ High\ Sierra.app/Contents/Resources/createinstallmedia \<br />
--volume /Volumes/MyVolume</pre><br />
10.12 [http://updates-http.cdn-apple.com/2019/cert/061-41343-20191023-02465f92-3ab5-4c92-bfe2-b725447a070d/InstallMacOSX.dmg Yosemite]<br />
<br />
10.11 [http://updates-http.cdn-apple.com/2019/cert/061-41424-20191024-218af9ec-cf50-4516-9011-228c78eda3d2/InstallMacOSX.dmg El Capitan]<br />
<br />
<pre>sudo /Applications/Install\ OS\ X\ El\ Capitan.app/Contents/Resources/createinstallmedia \<br />
--volume /Volumes/MyVolume \<br />
--applicationpath /Applications/Install\ OS\ X\ El\ Capitan.app</pre><br />
10.10 [http://updates-http.cdn-apple.com/2019/cert/061-39476-20191023-48f365f4-0015-4c41-9f44-39d3d2aca067/InstallOS.dmg Sierra]<br />
<br />
<pre>$ sudo /Applications/Install\ OS\ X\ Sierra.app/Contents/Resources/createinstallmedia \<br />
--volume /Volumes/MyVolume \<br />
--applicationpath /Applications/Install\ OS\ X\ Sierra.app</pre><br />
10.9 Maverics<br />
<br />
<pre>$ sudo /Applications/Install\ OS\ X\ Mavericks.app/Contents/Resources/createinstallmedia \<br />
--volume /Volumes/MyVolume \<br />
--applicationpath /Applications/Install\ OS\ X\ Mavericks.app</pre><br />
[https://support.apple.com/downloads/tiger Legacy]<br />
<br />
See also: https://appleinsider.com/articles/19/11/23/how-to-get-an-old-macos-installer-from-apple<br />
<br />
= File systems =<br />
<br />
== Create ISO from CDR ==<br />
<br />
https://forums.macrumors.com/threads/converting-cdr-to-iso.783690/<br />
<br />
Convert a CDR to ISO.<br />
<br />
<pre>$ hdiutil makehybrid -iso -joliet -o diskimage.iso diskimage.cdr</pre><br />
<br />
== Write ISO to USB ==<br />
<br />
For bootable images, use one of:<br />
<br />
* [https://www.balena.io/etcher/ Etcher] – '''recommended''' for bootable CD/DVD<br />
* [http://unetbootin.github.io/ UNetbootin] – useful if additional FreeDOS boot is needed (e.g. for firmware upgrades)<br />
<br />
For data only…<br />
<br />
https://snipt.net/w00kie/how-do-i-burn-an-iso-on-a-usb-drive-on-mac-os-x/<br />
<br />
Convert the file to a Disk Image. Note a <code>.dmg</code> extension will be added.<br />
<br />
<pre>$ hdiutil convert -format UDRW -o /path/to/target /path/to/original.iso</pre><br />
<br />
Find current devices<br />
<br />
<pre>$ diskutil list</pre><br />
<br />
Unmount device<br />
<br />
<pre>$ diskutil unmountDisk /dev/diskN</pre><br />
<br />
Write to USB<br />
<br />
<pre>$ sudo dd if=/path/to/target.dmg of=/dev/rdiskN bs=1m</pre><br />
<br />
Eject the disk<br />
<br />
<pre>$ diskutil eject /dev/diskN</pre><br />
<br />
== Format a disk from the command-line ==<br />
<br />
Format with JHFS+ (Journaled HFS+) with a GPT partition layout.<br />
<br />
<pre>diskutil eraseDisk jhfs+ &quot;ICY BOX 500G&quot; gpt /dev/diskX</pre><br />
<br />
== Create custom CoreStorage drive ==<br />
<br />
http://www.cnet.com/how-to/how-to-make-a-custom-corestorage-drive-in-os-x/<br />
<br />
Create a CoreStorage volume. Will be using disk0 (SSD) and disk1 (HDD).<br />
<br />
Partition all drives to be part of CS with single GUID partition, named ‘Untitled’. Then determine their drive names<br />
<br />
<pre>$ diskutil list</pre><br />
<br />
Create the logical volume group. Note the 1st drive is the SSD drive, and 2nd is drive is the HDD.<br />
<br />
<pre>$ diskutil cs create Macintosh\ LVG disk0 disk1</pre><br />
<br />
List CS volumes<br />
<br />
<pre>$ diskutil cs list</pre><br />
<br />
Create volume in the volume group using UUID of LVG<br />
<br />
<pre>$ diskutil cs createVolume UUID jhfs+ Macintosh\ HD 100%</pre><br />
<br />
If desired, encrypt the logical volume just created<br />
<br />
<pre>$ diskutil cs list<br />
$ diskutil cs encryptVolume UUID</pre><br />
<br />
Delete a CS LVG.<br />
<br />
<pre>$ diskutil cs delete UUID</pre><br />
<br />
== Get serial number of drive ==<br />
<br />
<pre>$ ioreg -l |less</pre><br />
<br />
== ditto ==<br />
<br />
Mirror directories in OS X, preserving all ownership and permission data.<br />
<br />
<pre># ditto -V /Users /Volumes/SecondaryHD/Users</pre><br />
<br />
== Write DMG to disk ==<br />
<br />
http://coolestguyplanettech.com/downtown/how-image-mac-os-x-107-lion-command-lineterminal<br />
<br />
# Mount the destination drive<br />
# Issue this command, replacing source and destination paths<br />
<br />
<pre>$ asr restore \<br />
--source /path-to-source-dmg-image \<br />
--target /Volumes/path-to-destination-volume \<br />
--erase \<br />
--format HFS+ \<br />
--noverify</pre><br />
<br />
* The '''–erase''' will erase the destination format<br />
* The '''–format''' is optional and only required if the destination needs to be reformatted<br />
* The '''–noverify''' is optional and skips verification - but obviously doesn’t verify a successful restore.<br />
<br />
<br />
== Mount DMG as disk – loopback ==<br />
<br />
http://apple.stackexchange.com/questions/9284/does-mac-have-something-similar-to-a-linux-loop-device<br />
<br />
The upgrade from MacOS 10.12.1 to 10.12.2 broke my APFS formatted Ableton SDCard drive. Ugh :-(. Luckily I still had a machine running 10.12.1, so I figured I’d try to fix things.<br />
<br />
I started by dumping the raw disk <code>/dev/disk2</code> using <code>dd</code>.<br />
<br />
<pre>$ dd if=/dev/disk2 of=/Volumes/Samsung_T1/Ableton-d2.dmg bs=1m</pre><br />
<br />
Mount the disk. ''Note: I could have added the <code>-nomount</code> option after <code>attach</code> to have prevented the disk from actually mounting.''<br />
<br />
<pre>$ hdiutil attach /Volumes/Samsung_T1/Ableton-d2.dmg<br />
/dev/disk2 GUID_partition_scheme<br />
/dev/disk2s1 EFI<br />
/dev/disk2s2 Apple_APFS<br />
/dev/disk2s2s1 41504653-0000-11AA-AA11-0030654</pre><br />
<br />
Yay!<br />
<br />
== APFS ==<br />
<br />
* https://developer.apple.com/library/content/documentation/FileManagement/Conceptual/APFS_Guide/Introduction/Introduction.html<br />
* http://www.howtogeek.com/272741/how-to-format-a-drive-with-the-apfs-file-system-on-macos-sierra/<br />
<br />
'''Sparse image'''<br />
<br />
Create a sparse image with APFS.<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ hdiutil create -fs APFS -size 1GB foo.sparseimage</syntaxhighlight><br />
'''Physical disk'''<br />
<br />
Partition the disk<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ sudo diskutil partitionDisk disk2 APFS Untitled 100%</syntaxhighlight><br />
'''Existing partition'''<br />
<br />
Create APFS container.<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ diskutil apfs createContainer /dev/disk2s2</syntaxhighlight><br />
Create APFS volume in an APFS container.<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ diskutil apfs addVolume disk2s2 APFS newAPFS</syntaxhighlight><br />
FSCK.<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ fsck_apfs /dev/disk2s2</syntaxhighlight><br />
<span id="nfs"></span><br />
== NFS ==<br />
<br />
Change default behavior to work better with Linux servers.<br />
<br />
* https://j-li.net/posts/mounting-a-linux-nfs-on-osx<br />
<br />
<code>/etc/nfs.conf</code><br />
<br />
<pre># Generated automatically by NFS Manager 2016-10-19 23:06:36 +0000<br />
nfs.client.allow_async = 1<br />
nfs.client.nfsiod_thread_max = 128<br />
nfs.client.mount.options = nfc,intr<br />
nfs.client.is_mobile = 0</pre><br />
<span id="restart-autofs-without-rebooting."></span><br />
== Restart autofs without rebooting. ==<br />
<br />
Use the <code>automount</code> command.<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ sudo automount -vc</syntaxhighlight><br />
Alternatively, use <code>launchctl</code>.<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ sudo launchctl stop com.apple.autofsd</syntaxhighlight><br />
<span id="partitioning"></span><br />
== Partitioning ==<br />
<br />
References<br />
<br />
* https://developer.apple.com/library/content/documentation/FileManagement/Conceptual/APFS_Guide/ToolsandAPIs/ToolsandAPIs.html#//apple_ref/doc/uid/TP40016999-CH7-DontLinkElementID_13<br />
* http://www.theinstructional.com/guides/disk-management-from-the-command-line-part-2<br />
<br />
Get list of info<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ diskutil list</syntaxhighlight><br />
Format an entire drive as APFS<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console"># command verb disk boot_record filesystem name size<br />
$ diskutil partitionDisk /dev/diskX GPT APFS NewName 0b</syntaxhighlight><br />
Arguments:<br />
<br />
* Boot Records<br />
** GPT (GUID Partition Table)<br />
** MBR (Master Boot Record)<br />
* Filesystems<br />
** APFS (Apple File System – beta in Sierra 10.12.1)<br />
** ExFAT<br />
** FAT32<br />
** HFS+ (Apple HFS+)<br />
<br />
<span id="locked-files-or-folders"></span><br />
== Locked files or folders ==<br />
<br />
Look at the current flags:<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ ls -lO /path/to/folder</syntaxhighlight><br />
Unlock them with:<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ chflags nouchg /path/to/locked/folder</syntaxhighlight><br />
or with:<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ SetFile -a l /path/to/locked/folder</syntaxhighlight><br />
<span id="cookbook"></span><br />
= Cookbook =<br />
<br />
<span id="homebrew"></span><br />
== Homebrew ==<br />
<br />
The <code>ftp</code> and <code>telnet</code> are no longer included with macOS, but can be installed with Brew.<br />
<br />
<pre>$ brew install inetutils</pre><br />
<span id="resize-a-sparse-bundle"></span><br />
== Resize a sparse bundle ==<br />
<br />
Unmount the image, and follow commands below.<br />
<br />
Compact the image (size stays the same).<br />
<br />
<pre>hdiutil compact filename.sparsebundle</pre><br />
Increase the size of the image (e.g. 8G to 12G).<br />
<br />
<pre>hdiutil resize -size 12G filename.sparsebundle</pre><br />
<span id="paragraph-sorting-service"></span><br />
== Paragraph Sorting Service ==<br />
<br />
http://www.macosxautomation.com/services/learn/tut03/index.html<br />
<br />
<ol style="list-style-type: decimal;"><br />
<li>Open Automator.</li><br />
<li>Create a new “Service” workflow.</li><br />
<li>Configure workflow.<br />
<ol style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;"><br />
<li>Service receives selected &gt; text</li><br />
<li>in &gt; any application</li><br />
<li>check &lt; Replaces selected text</li></ol><br />
<br />
<ol start="4" style="list-style-type: decimal;"><br />
<li></li></ol><br />
</li></ol><br />
<br />
<span id="disable-the-swoosh-animation-for-mac-os-x-spaces"></span><br />
== Disable the Swoosh animation for Mac OS X Spaces ==<br />
<br />
macOS [10.12)<br />
<br />
System Preferences &gt; Accessibility &gt; Display &gt; Reduce motion<br />
<br />
macOS (10.11]<br />
<br />
* http://blog.sysmgr.org/2011/02/disable-swoosh-animation-for-mac-os-x.html<br />
* http://secrets.blacktree.com/?showapp=com.apple.dock – interesting<br />
* http://www.macosxhints.com/comment.php?mode=view&amp;cid=117778<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ defaults write com.apple.dock \<br />
workspaces-swoosh-animation-off \<br />
-bool YES &&<br />
killall Dock</syntaxhighlight><br />
<span id="change-screen-capture-behavior."></span><br />
== Change screen capture behavior. ==<br />
<br />
Disable shadow on screen capture.<br />
<br />
<pre>$ defaults write com.apple.screencapture disable-shadow -bool TRUE<br />
$ killall SystemUIServer</pre><br />
Change the location of screen captures.<br />
<br />
<pre>$ defaults write com.apple.screencapture location ~/Pictures/Screenshots</pre><br />
Change the prefix of the screen capture filename.<br />
<br />
<pre>$ defaults write com.apple.screencapture name &quot;Pretty Picture&quot;<br />
$ killall SystemUIServer</pre><br />
Take a screen capture as PDF (PNG is default).<br />
<br />
<pre>$ defaults write com.apple.screencapture type pdf</pre><br />
<span id="endisable-bonjour-announcements-10.5"></span><br />
== (En|Dis)able Bonjour Announcements (10.5+) ==<br />
<br />
Disable<br />
<br />
<pre>$ sudo launchctl unload -w /System/Library/LaunchDaemons/com.apple.mDNSResponder.plist</pre><br />
Enable<br />
<br />
<pre>$ sudo launchctl load -w /System/Library/LaunchDaemons/com.apple.mDNSResponder.plist</pre><br />
To leave it enabled, but not announce things via multicast DNS, edit the plist and add this line to the mDNSResponder options.<br />
<br />
<pre>&lt;string&gt;-NoMulticastAdvertisements&lt;/string&gt;</pre><br />
<span id="time-machine"></span><br />
== Time Machine ==<br />
<br />
Change backup frequency (10.5+) http://hints.macworld.com/article.php?story=200710291721156<br />
<br />
Edit /System/Library/LaunchDaemons/com.apple.backupd-auto.plist and update the StartInterval setting. 3600[s] is 1h.<br />
<br />
<span id="crond-stuff"></span><br />
== Cron’d stuff ==<br />
<br />
See entry at Oct 19, ’10 08:03:30PM in http://hints.macworld.com/article.php?story=200710291721156<br />
<br />
<span id="sleep"></span><br />
== Sleep ==<br />
<br />
Sleep machine from command-line (10.5+)<br />
<br />
<pre>$ pmset sleepnow</pre><br />
=== pmset ===<br />
<br />
See ‘man pmset’ for more info. For 10.4 and prior, see http://www.snoize.com/SleepNow/.<br />
<br />
Figure out why machine isn’t sleeping.<br />
<br />
<pre>$ pmset -g assertions</pre><br />
Log sleep/wake messages<br />
<br />
<pre>$ pmset -g pslog</pre><br />
View the logs later<br />
<br />
<pre>$ pmset -g</pre><br />
<span id="endisable-swap"></span><br />
== (En|Dis)able swap ==<br />
<br />
http://hints.macworld.com/article.php?story=201106020948369<br />
<br />
Disable<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ sudo launchctl unload -w /System/Library/LaunchDaemons/com.apple.dynamic_pager.plist<br />
$ sudo rm /private/var/vm/swapfile*</syntaxhighlight><br />
Enable<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ sudo launchctl load -w /System/Library/LaunchDaemons/com.apple.dynamic_pager.plist</syntaxhighlight><br />
<span id="smart"></span><br />
== SMART ==<br />
<br />
http://hints.macworld.com/article.php?story=20031122041138373<br />
<br />
Get SMART status from the command-line<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console"># diskutil list<br />
# diskutil info diskX |grep SMART</syntaxhighlight><br />
== sysctl ==<br />
<br />
[http://rolande.wordpress.com/2010/12/30/performance-tuning-the-network-stack-on-mac-osx-10-6/ Performance Tuning the Network Stack Mac OS X]<br />
<br />
Versions: [10.5-10.8)<br />
<br />
Put data into <code>/etc/sysctl.conf</code>.<br />
<br />
<pre>kern.ipc.maxsockbuf=4194304<br />
kern.ipc.somaxconn=512<br />
kern.ipc.nmbclusters=2048<br />
net.inet.tcp.rfc1323=1<br />
net.inet.tcp.win_scale_factor=3<br />
net.inet.tcp.sockthreshold=16<br />
net.inet.tcp.sendspace=262144<br />
net.inet.tcp.recvspace=262144<br />
net.inet.tcp.mssdflt=1440<br />
net.inet.tcp.msl=15000<br />
net.inet.tcp.always_keepalive=0<br />
net.inet.tcp.delayed_ack=0<br />
net.inet.tcp.slowstart_flightsize=4<br />
net.inet.tcp.blackhole=2<br />
net.inet.udp.blackhole=1<br />
net.inet.icmp.icmplim=50</pre><br />
Change these values for [10.8)<br />
<br />
<pre>kern.ipc.maxsockbuf=8388608<br />
<br />
# Enable support for 9000+ byte packets.<br />
# https://blah.cloud/hardware/test-jumbo-frames-working/<br />
net.inet.raw.maxdgram=16384</pre><br />
(old) Recommended values for <code>/etc/sysctl.conf</code>.<br />
<br />
{|<br />
! key<br />
! default<br />
! recommended<br />
! notes<br />
|-<br />
| net.inet.tcp.mssdflt<br />
| 512<br />
| 1440<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| net.inet.tcp.win_scale_factor<br />
| 3<br />
| 10<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| net.inet.tcp.sendspace<br />
| 65536<br />
| 2097152<br />
| 1/2 of kern.ipc.maxsockbuf<br />
|-<br />
| net.inet.tcp.recvspace<br />
| 65536<br />
| 2097152<br />
| 1/2 of kern.ipc.maxsockbuf<br />
|}<br />
<br />
<span id="spotlight"></span><br />
== Spotlight ==<br />
<br />
Check status of Spotlight<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console"># mdutil -s /</syntaxhighlight><br />
Enable Spotlight<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console"># mdutil -i on /</syntaxhighlight><br />
Rebuilt database<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console"># mdutil -E /</syntaxhighlight><br />
<span id="restart-finder-from-the-terminal"></span><br />
== Restart Finder from the Terminal ==<br />
<br />
http://thewayeye.net/2012/january/4/how-restart-finder-terminal<br />
<br />
Kill Finder<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ sudo killall Finder</syntaxhighlight><br />
Manually start if it doesn’t automatically<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ open /System/Library/CoreServices/Finder.app</syntaxhighlight><br />
If all else fails, reboot<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ shutdown -r</syntaxhighlight><br />
<span id="extract-contents-of-a-payload-file"></span><br />
== Extract contents of a Payload file ==<br />
<br />
These are basically compressed cpio files.<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ cat Payload |gzip -d |cpio -id</syntaxhighlight><br />
<span id="firewall"></span><br />
== Firewall ==<br />
<br />
List apps allowed/blocked by firewall.<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ sudo /usr/libexec/ApplicationFirewall/socketfilterfw --listapps</syntaxhighlight><br />
<span id="dtrace-and-other-scripts"></span><br />
== dtrace and other scripts ==<br />
<br />
http://dtrace.org/blogs/brendan/2011/10/10/top-10-dtrace-scripts-for-mac-os-x/<br />
<br />
<span id="power-management"></span><br />
== Power management ==<br />
<br />
Get history of power management events<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ pmset -g log |less</syntaxhighlight><br />
<span id="icon-sets"></span><br />
== Icon sets ==<br />
<br />
http://blog.macsales.com/28492-create-your-own-custom-icons-in-10-7-5-or-later<br />
<br />
Create PNG files.<br />
<br />
{|<br />
! Filename<br />
! Image Size (in pixels)<br />
|-<br />
| icon_512x512@2x.png<br />
| 1024 x 1024<br />
|-<br />
| icon_512x512.png<br />
| 512 x 512<br />
|-<br />
| icon_256x256@2x.png<br />
| 512 x 512<br />
|-<br />
| icon_256x256.png<br />
| 256 x 256<br />
|-<br />
| icon_128x128@2x.png<br />
| 256 x 256<br />
|-<br />
| icon_128x128.png<br />
| 128 x 128<br />
|-<br />
| icon_32x32@2x.png<br />
| 64 x 64<br />
|-<br />
| icon_32x32.png<br />
| 32 x 32<br />
|-<br />
| icon_16x16@2x.png<br />
| 32 x 32<br />
|-<br />
| icon_16x16.png<br />
| 16 x 16<br />
|}<br />
<br />
Create an <code>myicon.iconset</code> folder, and put all files in that folder.<br />
<br />
Create a <code>myicon.icns</code> file.<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ iconutil -c icns /path/to/myicon.iconset</syntaxhighlight><br />
Get info about the drive / file, and copy the <code>myicon.icns</code> file over the drive icon of the file.<br />
<br />
<span id="kill-parentalcontrolsd-regularly"></span><br />
== Kill parentalcontrolsd regularly ==<br />
<br />
Create the following plist as <code>/Library/LaunchDaemons/com.forestent.noparentalcontrolsd</code> with root as owner.<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="xml"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><br />
<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd"><br />
<plist version="1.0"><br />
<dict><br />
<key>Label</key><br />
<string>com.stevenlin.antiparent</string><br />
<br />
<key>ProgramArguments</key><br />
<array><br />
<string>/bin/launchctl</string><br />
<string>kill</string><br />
<string>SIGSTOP</string><br />
<string>system/com.apple.familycontrols</string><br />
</array><br />
<br />
<key>Nice</key><br />
<integer>1</integer><br />
<br />
<key>StartInterval</key><br />
<integer>600</integer><br />
<br />
<key>RunAtLoad</key><br />
<true/><br />
<br />
</dict><br />
</plist></syntaxhighlight><br />
Load the plist.<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ sudo launchctl load /Library/LaunchDaemons/com.forestent.noparentalcontrolsd</syntaxhighlight><br />
<span id="install-a-package-from-the-command-line"></span><br />
== Install a package from the command-line ==<br />
<br />
Use <code>/usr/sbin/installer</code>.<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ sudo installer -pkg /path/to/package.pkg -target /</syntaxhighlight><br />
<pre>sudo installer -pkg macOSUpd10.14.3.pkg -target / -verboseR -dumplog 2&gt;&amp;1 |tee ~/var/log/macOSUpd10.14.3.log</pre><br />
<span id="upgrade-software-from-the-command-line"></span><br />
== Upgrade software from the command-line ==<br />
<br />
Use <code>softwareupdate</code>.<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ softwareupdate -l<br />
Software Update Tool<br />
<br />
Fining available software</syntaxhighlight><br />
If the updater is hitting problems, e.g. unable to contact update servers, consider resetting the catalogs. (Was needed for 10.14.3 at Google.)<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="shell">sudo softwareupdate --clear-catalog</syntaxhighlight><br />
<span id="change-visibility-of-hidden-folders"></span><br />
== Change visibility of hidden folders ==<br />
<br />
Use <code>/usr/bin/chflags</code>.<br />
<br />
<pre>$ chflags nohidden ~/Library</pre><br />
<span id="force-rgb-mode-a.k.a.-fix-horrible-fonts"></span><br />
== Force RGB Mode (a.k.a. fix horrible fonts) ==<br />
<br />
http://www.iphonetopics.com/force-rgb-mode-in-mac-os-x/<br />
<br />
<span id="misc.-utilities"></span><br />
= Misc. Utilities =<br />
<br />
<span id="expansion-slot-utility"></span><br />
== Expansion Slot Utility ==<br />
<br />
The utility is located in /System/Library/CoreServices and is used to configure the performance of the PCI slots.<br />
<br />
<span id="fonts"></span><br />
== Fonts ==<br />
<br />
https://discussions.apple.com/thread/3646002?tstart=0 http://www.thexlab.com/faqs/undofontbook.html http://www.jklstudios.com/misc/osxfonts.htm<br />
<br />
<span id="pmset-1"></span><br />
== pmset ==<br />
<br />
Get the current settings<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ pmset -g<br />
System-wide power settings:<br />
Currently in use:<br />
standby 1<br />
Sleep On Power Button 1<br />
womp 0<br />
autorestart 0<br />
hibernatefile /var/vm/sleepimage<br />
powernap 1<br />
gpuswitch 2<br />
networkoversleep 0<br />
disksleep 10<br />
sleep 60 (sleep prevented by backupd, AddressBookSourceSync, nsurlsessiond, nsurlsessiond, nsurlsessiond, nsurlsessiond, nsurlsessiond)<br />
autopoweroffdelay 28800<br />
hibernatemode 0<br />
autopoweroff 1<br />
ttyskeepawake 1<br />
displaysleep 60<br />
standbydelay 10800</syntaxhighlight><br />
=== autopoweroff ===<br />
<br />
''This is the reason my 2013 Mac Pro wakes so slowly from sleep each morning.''<br />
<br />
https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT201635<br />
<br />
'''autopoweroff''' is enabled by default on supported platforms as an implementation of Lot 6 to the European Energy-related Products Directive. After sleeping for <code>autopoweroffdelay</code> seconds, the system will write a hibernation image and go into a lower power chipset sleep. Wakeups from this state will take longer than wakeups from regular sleep.<br />
<br />
== bputil ==<br />
<br />
https://keith.github.io/xcode-man-pages/bputil.1.html<br />
<br />
Utility to precisely modify the security settings on Apple Silicon Macs<br />
<br />
== trustd ==<br />
<br />
https://sneak.berlin/20201112/your-computer-isnt-yours/<br />
<br />
This makes requests to ocsp.apple.com each and every time an app is opened. Ugh.<br />
<br />
<span id="troubleshooting"></span><br />
= Troubleshooting =<br />
<br />
https://github.com/upekkha/AppleHardwareTest<br />
<br />
<span id="previous-shutdown-cause"></span><br />
== Previous shutdown cause ==<br />
<br />
Look at the log on the command-line, and compare to documented causes can be found on this [https://georgegarside.com/blog/macos/shutdown-causes/ blog].<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ log show --predicate 'eventMessage contains "Previous shutdown cause:"'<br />
Skipping info and debug messages, pass --info and/or --debug to include.<br />
Filtering the log data using "eventMessage CONTAINS "Previous shutdown cause:""<br />
Timestamp Thread Type Activity PID<br />
2017-11-30 17:12:25.019394+0100 0x379 Default 0x0 0 kernel: (AppleSMC) Previous shutdown cause: 3<br />
2017-12-06 18:16:46.306853+0100 0x3ff Default 0x0 0 kernel: (AppleSMC) Previous shutdown cause: 5<br />
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------<br />
Log - Default: 2, Info: 0, Debug: 0, Error: 0, Fault: 0<br />
Activity - Create: 0, Transition: 0, Actions: 0</syntaxhighlight><br />
<span id="mouse-lag"></span><br />
== Mouse Lag ==<br />
<br />
Try turning off the mouse, removing it from the Bluetooth preferences window, and repairing the device.<br />
<br />
On the Mac Pro (Late 2013) model, Wi-Fi seems to interfere with the Bluetooth signal such that the mouse lags. Disable Wi-Fi if possible, or use a hardwired mouse.<br />
<br />
<span id="dns-resolution"></span><br />
== DNS resolution ==<br />
<br />
* https://discussions.apple.com/thread/3339686?start=0&amp;tstart=0<br />
* http://www.justincarmony.com/blog/2011/07/27/mac-os-x-lion-etc-hosts-bugs-and-dns-resolution/<br />
<br />
Get dump of resolvers<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ scutil --dns</syntaxhighlight><br />
<span id="reset-dns-cache"></span><br />
== Reset DNS cache ==<br />
<br />
OS X &lt;= 10.9.* &amp;&amp; &gt;= 10.10.4<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ sudo killall -HUP mDNSResponder</syntaxhighlight><br />
OS X 10.10.0 - 10.10.3<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ sudo discoveryutil mdnsflushcache</syntaxhighlight><br />
<span id="finder-file-is-damaged"></span><br />
== Finder – “File is damaged” ==<br />
<br />
Finder is reporting “File is damaged” and “Move to Trash” or “Unmount disk”. If you know the file is fine, remove the quarantine <code>xattr</code>, and try again.<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ xattr -d com.apple.quarantine /path/to/file</syntaxhighlight><br />
<span id="cannot-verify-installer"></span><br />
== Cannot verify installer ==<br />
<br />
http://www.macrumors.com/2016/03/03/older-os-x-installers-broken-by-certificate/<br />
<br />
Installers downloaded before Feb 14 2016 will not validate because the certificate used to sign the installer expired. To work around the issue, quit out of the installer, set the date back, and rerun the installer.<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ date 0201010116</syntaxhighlight><br />
Alternatively, a newer version of the installer can be downloaded. Unfortunately, older OS X installs won’t be available, so the date method must be used.<br />
<br />
<span id="look-at-available-wi-fi-networks"></span><br />
== Look at available Wi-Fi networks ==<br />
<br />
http://apple.stackexchange.com/questions/131852/how-do-you-force-a-5-ghz-wifi-connection<br />
<br />
Scan for network BSSIDs.<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Apple80211.framework/Versions/Current/Resources/airport scan<br />
SSID BSSID RSSI CHANNEL HT CC SECURITY (auth/unicast/group)<br />
Valerie c0:25:06:cf:0c:d3 -78 100,+1 Y DE WPA2(PSK/AES/AES)<br />
Valerie c0:25:06:cf:0c:d7 -69 11 Y DE WPA2(PSK/AES/AES)</syntaxhighlight><br />
For &lt;=10.6 use a different command.<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Apple80211.framework/Versions/Current/Resources/airport --associate=XXX --bssid=YYY</syntaxhighlight><br />
<span id="downgrade-from-high-sierra-to-sierra"></span><br />
== Downgrade from High Sierra to Sierra ==<br />
<br />
https://www.imore.com/how-downgrade-macos<br />
<br />
Technically, a downgrade isn’t possible from backup :-(<br />
<br />
Erase a disk with the MacOS Extended (Journaled) format, with a name of <code>Untitled</code>.<br />
<br />
Create install media, using <code>/Volume/Untitled</code> as destination volume.<br />
<br />
* The volume will again be erased, so it is OK to use the old volume name.<br />
* The <code>--applicationpath</code> must be the '''fully qualified path'''.<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ sudo /Applications/Install\ macOS\ High\ Sierra.app/Contents/Resources/createinstallmedia \<br />
--volume /Volumes/Untitled \<br />
--applicationpath "/Applications/Install macOS Sierra.app"<br />
Ready to start.<br />
To continue we need to erase the disk at /Volumes/Untitled.<br />
If you wish to continue type (Y) then press return: y<br />
Erasing Disk: 0%... 10%... 20%... 30%...100%...<br />
Copying installer files to disk...<br />
Copy complete.<br />
Making disk bootable...<br />
Copying boot files...<br />
Copy complete.<br />
Done.</syntaxhighlight><br />
<span id="adjust-macos-font-smoothing"></span><br />
== Adjust macOS font smoothing ==<br />
<br />
<span id="font-smoothing"></span><br />
=== Font smoothing ===<br />
<br />
https://software.com/mac/tweaks/change-font-smoothing<br />
<br />
Display the current font smoothing:<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ defaults -currentHost read -globalDomain AppleFontSmoothing</syntaxhighlight><br />
Change the font smoothing (0=off, 1=light, 2=Medium/flat panel, 3=strong/blurred) This is mostly needed for non-Apple displays. Restart applications to see the effect<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ defaults -currentHost write -globalDomain AppleFontSmoothing -int 0</syntaxhighlight><br />
Delete the setting completely (restore default)<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ defaults -currentHost delete -globalDomain AppleFontSmoothing</syntaxhighlight><br />
Set the font anti-aliasing minimum sizes, globally or per-application:<br />
<br />
<pre>$ defaults -currentHost write .GlobalPreferences AppleSmoothFontsSizeThreshold -int 16<br />
$ defaults -currentHost write .GlobalPreferences AppleFontSmoothing -int 0<br />
$ defaults -currentHost write com.apple.safari AppleAntiAliasingThreshold -int 16</pre><br />
<span id="anti-aliasing"></span><br />
=== Anti-aliasing ===<br />
<br />
Read the current value.<br />
<br />
<pre>$ defaults read NSGlobalDomain AppleAntiAliasingThreshold<br />
4</pre><br />
The anti-aliasing can be configured per application. (https://ss64.com/osx/syntax-defaults.html)<br />
<br />
<pre>$ defaults -currentHost write com.apple.safari AppleAntiAliasingThreshold -int 16</pre><br />
<span id="misc"></span><br />
= Misc =<br />
<br />
<span id="commands-looking-at-profile-enrollment-at-work."></span><br />
== Commands looking at profile enrollment at work. ==<br />
<br />
Profile enrollment of some sort?<br />
<br />
<pre>$ profiles status -type enrollment</pre><br />
<pre>$ sudo profiles list<br />
_computerlevel[1] attribute: profileIdentifier: com.google.corp.gmac.applicationaccess<br />
_computerlevel[2] attribute: profileIdentifier: com.google.corp.gmac.chrome.extension.passwordalert<br />
_computerlevel[3] attribute: profileIdentifier: com.google.corp.gmac.networkprofile<br />
_computerlevel[4] attribute: profileIdentifier: com.google.corp.gmac.chrome.extensionsettings<br />
_computerlevel[5] attribute: profileIdentifier: com.google.corp.gmac.bird<br />
_computerlevel[6] attribute: profileIdentifier: com.google.mdm.profile.kext<br />
_computerlevel[7] attribute: profileIdentifier: com.google.mdm.profile.initial<br />
_computerlevel[8] attribute: profileIdentifier: com.google.corp.gmac.touchid<br />
_computerlevel[9] attribute: profileIdentifier: com.google.corp.gmac.internetsharing<br />
_computerlevel[10] attribute: profileIdentifier: com.google.corp.gmac.sparkle<br />
_computerlevel[11] attribute: profileIdentifier: com.google.corp.gmac.management<br />
_computerlevel[12] attribute: profileIdentifier: com.google.corp.gmac.restor<br />
_computerlevel[13] attribute: profileIdentifier: com.google.corp.gmac.chrome.extension.detangle<br />
_computerlevel[14] attribute: profileIdentifier: com.google.corp.gmac.chrome<br />
_computerlevel[15] attribute: profileIdentifier: com.google.corp.gmac.santa<br />
_computerlevel[16] attribute: profileIdentifier: com.google.corp.gmac.spotlight<br />
_computerlevel[17] attribute: profileIdentifier: com.google.corp.gmac.prefpanes<br />
There are 17 system configuration profiles installed</pre><br />
<pre>$ sudo profiles show -type enrollment<br />
Device Enrollment configuration:<br />
{<br />
AllowPairing = 1;<br />
AwaitDeviceConfigured = 1;<br />
ConfigurationURL = &quot;https://emmapplecodevice.googleapis.com/v1/_/deviceserver/C02h8e9nw/setup?key=AIzaSyAdMVj0IzE7K6u90EkdmoVTc_79_hO1i5w&quot;;<br />
IsMDMUnremovable = 0;<br />
IsMandatory = 1;<br />
IsSupervised = 1;<br />
OrganizationAddress = &quot;1600 Amphitheatre Parkway, n/a, , Mountain VIew, CA 94043&quot;;<br />
OrganizationAddressLine1 = &quot;1600 Amphitheatre Parkway&quot;;<br />
OrganizationAddressLine2 = &quot;n/a&quot;;<br />
OrganizationCity = &quot;Mountain VIew&quot;;<br />
OrganizationCountry = USA;<br />
OrganizationEmail = &quot;abma@google.com&quot;;<br />
OrganizationName = &quot;Google LLC&quot;;<br />
OrganizationPhone = 12125658743;<br />
OrganizationZipCode = 94043;<br />
SkipSetup = (<br />
AppleID,<br />
Siri,<br />
iCloudDiagnostics<br />
);<br />
}</pre><br />
<span id="kernel-extensions"></span><br />
== Kernel extensions ==<br />
<br />
Get list of approved kernel extensions (e.g. TripMode and Intel Power).<br />
<br />
<pre>$ echo 'select * from kext_policy; ' | sudo sqlite3 /var/db/SystemPolicyConfiguration/KextPolicy<br />
78UFGP42EU|ch.tripmode.TripModeNKE|1|Ludovic LEGER|1<br />
Z3L495V9L4|com.intel.driver.EnergyDriver|1|Intel Corporation Apps|1</pre><br />
<pre>$ echo 'select * from kext_policy_mdm;' | sudo sqlite3 /var/db/SystemPolicyConfiguration/KextPolicy<br />
EQHXZ8M8AV||1|82CBE2F3-84FA-4734-9E74-FB0F06DB8319<br />
P8DQRXPVLP||1|82CBE2F3-84FA-4734-9E74-FB0F06DB8319<br />
X9E956P446||1|82CBE2F3-84FA-4734-9E74-FB0F06DB8319<br />
3T5GSNBU6W|com.github.osxfuse.filesystems.osxfuse|1|82CBE2F3-84FA-4734-9E74-FB0F06DB8319</pre><br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ cat /var/db/ConfigurationProfiles/Settings/.cloudConfigRecordFound<br />
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><br />
<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd"><br />
<plist version="1.0"><br />
<dict><br />
<key>CloudConfigProfile</key><br />
<dict><br />
<key>AllowPairing</key><br />
<true/><br />
...<br />
</dict><br />
</dict><br />
</plsit></syntaxhighlight><br />
<span id="code-signing"></span><br />
== Code signing ==<br />
<br />
Get code signing information about an app.<br />
<br />
<pre>$ codesign -dvv /Applications/ESET\ Endpoint\ Antivirus.app/Contents/PlugIns/kext/esets_kac_64_109.kext<br />
Executable=/Applications/ESET Endpoint Antivirus.app/Contents/PlugIns/kext/esets_kac_64_109.kext/Contents/MacOS/esets_kac_64_109<br />
Identifier=com.eset.kext.esets-kac<br />
Format=bundle with Mach-O thin (x86_64)<br />
CodeDirectory v=20200 size=759 flags=0x0(none) hashes=18+3 location=embedded<br />
Signature size=9055<br />
Authority=Developer ID Application: ESET, spol. s r.o. (P8DQRXPVLP)<br />
Authority=Developer ID Certification Authority<br />
Authority=Apple Root CA<br />
Timestamp=22 Aug 2018 at 19:39:32<br />
Info.plist entries=19<br />
TeamIdentifier=P8DQRXPVLP<br />
Sealed Resources version=2 rules=13 files=1<br />
Internal requirements count=1 size=36</pre><br />
<span id="powerchime"></span><br />
== PowerChime ==<br />
<br />
The new MacBook Pro machine chimes when it gets power. Annoying??<br />
<br />
* https://apple.stackexchange.com/questions/265759/how-to-disable-plug-in-sound-on-late-2016-macbook-pro/265763#265763<br />
* https://apple.stackexchange.com/questions/282752/turning-power-chime-off<br />
<br />
<span id="set-static-route-and-make-persistent-on-boot"></span><br />
== Set static route, and make persistent on boot ==<br />
<br />
https://apple.stackexchange.com/questions/219834/how-to-set-network-devices-priority-on-afp-smb-transfers<br />
<br />
In the example below I assume the Ethernet router has the IP 192.168.0.1 and the network behind the router is the 192.168.56.0/24 network.<br />
<br />
<pre>sudo route add -net 192.168.56.0 192.168.0.1</pre><br />
To make this route persistent add a launch daemon on your machines:<br />
<br />
<pre>sudo nano /Library/LaunchDaemons/local.staticroute.shares.plist</pre><br />
with the content<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="xml"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><br />
<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd"><br />
<plist version="1.0"><br />
<dict><br />
<key>Label</key><br />
<string>local.staticroute.shares</string><br />
<key>ProgramArguments</key><br />
<array><br />
<string>route</string><br />
<string>add</string><br />
<string>-net</string><br />
<string>192.168.56.0</string><br />
<string>192.168.0.1</string><br />
</array><br />
<key>RunAtLoad</key><br />
<true/><br />
</dict><br />
</plist></syntaxhighlight><br />
Save the file (Ctrl-O) and quit Nano (Ctrl-X).<br />
<br />
Load the launch daemon with:<br />
<br />
<pre>sudo launchctl load -w /Library/LaunchDaemons/local.staticroute.shares.plist</pre><br />
To access the shares enter afp://192.168.56.x, cifs://192.168.56.x or smb://192.168.56.x (with x= the last octet of the IP address of the share).<br />
<br />
<span id="open-system-preferences-as-root"></span><br />
== Open System Preferences as root ==<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="shell">sudo /System/Applications/System\ Preferences.app/Contents/MacOS/System\ Preferences</syntaxhighlight><br />
<span id="macos-big-sur"></span><br />
== macOS Big Sur ==<br />
<br />
<span id="change-the-menu-bar-datetime-format"></span><br />
=== Change the menu bar date/time format ===<br />
<br />
Update the format using Terminal.<br />
<br />
<pre>defaults write com.apple.menuextra.clock DateFormat -string &quot;EEE d MMM h:mm a&quot;</pre><br />
My prefered version of the command. NOTE: spaces aren’t needed.<br />
<br />
<pre>defaults write com.apple.menuextra.clock DateFormat -string &quot;EMdhhmmss&quot;</pre><br />
<span id="system-extensions"></span><br />
=== System Extensions ===<br />
<br />
Get list of loaded extensions.<br />
<br />
<pre>$ kmutil showloaded</pre><br />
Get list of loaded auxillary extensions.<br />
<br />
<pre>$ kmutil showloaded --collection auxiliary</pre><br />
<span id="macos-catalina"></span><br />
== macOS Catalina ==<br />
<br />
<span id="remove-default-interactive-warning-for-bash."></span><br />
=== Remove “default interactive” warning for bash. ===<br />
<br />
macOS Catalina ships with zsh as the default shell for licensing reasons. To notify users, a warning is presented each time a bash interactive shell is started.<br />
<br />
<pre>The default interactive shell is now zsh.<br />
To update your account to use zsh, please run `chsh -s /bin/zsh`.<br />
For more details, please visit https://support.apple.com/kb/HT208050.</pre><br />
To disable the warning, add this to <code>~/.bash_profile</code> or equivalent.<br />
<br />
<pre>export BASH_SILENCE_DEPRECATION_WARNING=1</pre></div>
Kward
https://wiki.forestent.com/index.php?title=Notes:macOS&diff=326
Notes:macOS
2021-12-28T20:34:30Z
<p>Kward: </p>
<hr />
<div>Stuff for macOS and OS X<br />
<br />
{{Info|[2020-11-19] These notes aren’t fully formatted yet as I’ve simply copied them from my personal notes. I’ll fix them with time.}}<br />
<br />
<span id="references"></span><br />
= References =<br />
<br />
http://serverfault.com/questions/7346/what-are-useful-command-line-commands-on-mac-os-x<br />
<br />
<span id="keyboard-shortcut-symbols"></span><br />
= Keyboard Shortcut Symbols =<br />
<br />
[https://support.apple.com/guide/mac-help/back-up-and-share-text-replacements-on-mac-mchl2a7bd795/mac Back up and share text replacements on Mac]<br />
<br />
<span id="symbols"></span><br />
== Symbols ==<br />
<br />
Common symbols used by macOS.<br />
<br />
{|<br />
!width="57%"| Description<br />
!width="21%"| Symbol<br />
!width="21%"| Note<br />
|-<br />
| Apple<br />
| <br />
| ⌘-Option-K (works on a Mac, but might be different on other OSes)<br />
|-<br />
| Command<br />
| ⌘<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| Delete<br />
| ⌫<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| Escape<br />
| ⎋ / ␛<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| Fn-Down<br />
| ⇟<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| Fn-Left<br />
| ↖︎<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| Fn-Right<br />
| ↘︎<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| Fn-Up<br />
| ⇞<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| Option<br />
| ⌥<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| Power<br />
| ⌽<br />
| substitute as there isn’t a good one; http://unicodepowersymbol.com/<br />
|-<br />
| Return<br />
| ⏎<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| Shift<br />
| ⇧<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| Tab<br />
| ⇥<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
<br />
<span id="accents"></span><br />
== Accents ==<br />
<br />
Method 1: To type an accented or alternate version of a character, hold a key down until its alternate characters are displayed. (https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT201586)<br />
<br />
Method 2: Request accent, then character. (http://symbolcodes.tlt.psu.edu/accents/codemac.html)<br />
<br />
Method 3: Open Character Palette with Control-Command-Space. Find the desired character, then drag the character with the mouse into place to insert.<br />
<br />
{|<br />
! Name<br />
! Example<br />
! Shortcut + Char<br />
|-<br />
| Acute<br />
| ó Ó<br />
| Option-E, V<br />
|-<br />
| Circumflex<br />
| ô Ô<br />
| Option-I, V<br />
|-<br />
| Grave<br />
| ò Ò<br />
| Option-`, V<br />
|-<br />
| Tilde<br />
| õ Õ<br />
| Option-N, V (only works with a, n, and o)<br />
|-<br />
| Umlaut<br />
| ö Ö<br />
| Option-U, V<br />
|}<br />
<br />
<span id="letters"></span><br />
== Letters ==<br />
<br />
{|<br />
! Letter<br />
! Shortcut<br />
! Description<br />
|-<br />
| å<br />
| Option-A<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| ç<br />
| Option-C<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| ø<br />
| Option-O<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| ß<br />
| Option-S<br />
| Eszett<br />
|-<br />
| æ<br />
| Option-’<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
<br />
<span id="math-symbols"></span><br />
== Math Symbols ==<br />
<br />
Approximately : (≈) Option-X Degree : (°) Shift-Option-8 Delta : (∆) Option-J Division : (÷) Option-/ GreaterOrEqual : (≥) Option-. Infinity : (∞) Option-5 Intergal : (∫) Option-B LessOrEqual : (≤) Option-, Micro : (µ) Option-M Ohm : (Ω) Option-Z PartialDerivative : (∂) Option-D PerMil : (‰) Shift-Option-R Pi : (π) Option-P Plus/Minus : (±) Shift-Option-= ProductPi : (∏) Shift-Option-P SquareRoot : (√) Option-V Sum : (∑) Option-W<br />
<br />
<span id="punctuation"></span><br />
== Punctuation ==<br />
<br />
Copyright : (©) Option+G Dagger : (†) Option+T Dot : (•) Option+8 EmDash : (—) Option+Shift+- EnDash : (–) Option+- Paragraph : (¶) Option+7 Registered : (®) Option+R Section : (§) Option+6 Trademark : (™) Option+2<br />
<br />
<span id="general"></span><br />
== General ==<br />
<br />
Command-F2 : Act as external display on iMac Command-Delete : Delete a file Command-Shift-3 : Capture screen Command-Shift-4 : Capture window with cursor selection Command-Shift-4 + Space : Capture window Command-Shift-5 : Record cropped window Command-Shift-5 + Space : Record a window Command-Shift-Q : Log out with confirmation Command-Shift-Option-Q : Log out without confirmation<br />
<br />
<span id="documents"></span><br />
== Documents ==<br />
<br />
{|<br />
!width="21%"| Key combination<br />
!width="78%"| Description<br />
|-<br />
| ⌘-B<br />
| Boldface the selected text, or turn boldfacing on or off.<br />
|-<br />
| ⌘-Option-C<br />
| Copy Style: Copy the formatting settings of the selected item to the Clipboard.<br />
|-<br />
| ⌘-D<br />
| Select the Desktop folder from within an Open dialog or Save dialog.<br />
|-<br />
| ⌘-Control-D<br />
| Show or hide the definition of the selected word.<br />
|-<br />
| ⌘-Option-F<br />
| Go to the search field.<br />
|-<br />
| ⌘-I<br />
| Italicise the selected text, or turn italics on or off.<br />
|-<br />
| ⌘-Option-I<br />
| Show or hide the inspector window.<br />
|-<br />
| ⌘-L<br />
| During software installation, show a log of actions.<br />
|-<br />
| ⌘-Shift-P<br />
| Page setup: Display a window for selecting document settings.<br />
|-<br />
| ⌘-Shift-S<br />
| Display the ave As dialog, or duplicate the current document.<br />
|-<br />
| ⌘-T<br />
| Show or hide the Fonts window.<br />
|-<br />
| ⌘-Option-T<br />
| Show or hide a toolbar in the app.<br />
|-<br />
| ⌘-U<br />
| Underline the selected text, or turn underlining on or off.<br />
|-<br />
| ⌘-Option-V<br />
| Paste Style: Apply the copied style to the selected item.<br />
|-<br />
| ⌘-Option-Shift-V<br />
| Paste and Match Style: Apply the style of the surrounding content to the item pasted within that content.<br />
|-<br />
| ⌘-;<br />
| Fix misspelled words in the document.<br />
|-<br />
| ⌘-Shift-:<br />
| Display the Spelling and Grammar window<br />
|-<br />
| ⌘-⌫<br />
| Select Delete or Don’t Save in a dialog that contains a Delete or Don’t Save button.<br />
|}<br />
<br />
Command–DownArrow : Move the insertion point to the end of the document. Command–Equal : … performs the same function. Command–LeftArrow : Move the insertion point to the beginning of the current line. Command–LeftCurlyBracket : Left align. Command–RightArrow : Move the insertion point to the end of the current line. Command–RightCurlyBracket : Right align. Command–Shift–DownArrow : Select the text between the insertion point and the end of the document. Command–Shift–LeftArrow : Select the text between the insertion point and the beginning of the current line. Command–Shift–Minus : Decrease the size of the selected item. Command–Shift–Plus : Increase the size of the selected item. Command–Shift–QuestionMark : Open the Help menu. Command–Shift–RightArrow : Select the text between the insertion point and the end of the current line. Command–Shift–UpArrow : Select the text between the insertion point and the beginning of the document. Command–Shift–VerticalBar : Center align. Command–UpArrow : Move the insertion point to the beginning of the document. Control-A : Move to the beginning of the line or paragraph. Control-B : Move one character backward. Control-D : Delete the character to the right of the insertion point. Or use Fn-Delete. Control-E : Move to the end of a line or paragraph. Control-F : Move one character forward. Control-H : Delete the character to the left of the insertion point. Or use Delete. Control-K : Delete the text between the insertion point and the end of the line or paragraph. Control-L : Center the cursor or selection in the visible area. Control-N : Move down one line. Control-O : Insert a new line after the insertion point. Control-P : Move up one line. Control-T : Swap the character behind the insertion point with the character in front of the insertion point. Fn-Delete : Forward delete on keyboards that don’t have a Forward Delete key. Or use Control-D. Fn–DownArrow : Page Down: Scroll down one page. Fn–LeftArrow : Home: Scroll to the beginning of a document. Fn–RightArrow : End: Scroll to the end of a document. Fn–UpArrow : Page Up: Scroll up one page. Option-Delete : Delete the word to the left of the insertion point. Option–LeftArrow : Move the insertion point to the beginning of the previous word. Option–RightArrow : Move the insertion point to the end of the next word. Shift–DownArrow : Extend text selection to the nearest character at the same horizontal location on the line below. Shift–LeftArrow : Extend text selection one character to the left. Shift–Option–DownArrow : Extend text selection to the end of the current paragraph, then to the end of the following paragraph if pressed again. Shift–Option–LeftArrow : Extend text selection to the beginning of the current word, then to the beginning of the following word if pressed again. Shift–Option–RightArrow : Extend text selection to the end of the current word, then to the end of the following word if pressed again. Shift–Option–UpArrow : Extend text selection to the beginning of the current paragraph, then to the beginning of the following paragraph if pressed again. Shift–RightArrow : Extend text selection one character to the right. Shift–UpArrow : Extend text selection to the nearest character at the same horizontal location on the line above.<br />
<br />
<span id="booting"></span><br />
== Booting ==<br />
<br />
https://support.apple.com/en-eg/HT201255 http://www.tech-recipes.com/rx/2818/os_x_ten_boot_options_for_leopard/<br />
<br />
{|<br />
!width="44%"| Key<br />
!width="55%"| Desc<br />
|-<br />
| C<br />
| Boot from CD/DVD<br />
|-<br />
| D / Option-D<br />
| Diagnostics or Apple Hardware Test mode / via-Internet. 1) Unplug MacBook Pro from power, and fully power off the machine. 2) Power on and press-and-hold the D key. 3) Release when prompted to choose a language.<br />
|-<br />
| N<br />
| Netboot<br />
|-<br />
| R<br />
| PowerBook Display Reset<br />
|-<br />
| T<br />
| Target disk mode<br />
|-<br />
| X<br />
| Startup from OS X instead of from non-OS X startup<br />
|-<br />
| ⌘-Option-P-R<br />
| Reset PRAM. Do immediately after powering on, and release after 2nd Apple logo or 20sec, whichever comes first.<br />
|-<br />
| ⌘-R / ⌘-Option-R<br />
| OS X Recovery / over the Internet<br />
|-<br />
| Command-S<br />
| Single User Mode<br />
|-<br />
| Command-V<br />
| Verbose Boot<br />
|-<br />
| LeftShift-Control-Option-Power<br />
| [https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT201295 Reset SMC]. Do with power off. Hold for 10 sec, then power on again.<br />
|-<br />
| Left_Mouse / F12 / mouse_button / trackpad_button<br />
| Eject Media<br />
|-<br />
| Option<br />
| Startup Manager<br />
|-<br />
| Option-D<br />
| Diagnostics or Apple Hardware Test via Internet<br />
|-<br />
| Option-N<br />
| NetBoot using default image<br />
|-<br />
| Shift<br />
| Safe Mode<br />
|}<br />
<br />
<span id="downloads"></span><br />
= Downloads =<br />
<br />
[https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT201372 How to create a bootable installer for macOS]<br />
<br />
10.15 [https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/macos-catalina/id1466841314?ls=1&mt=12 Catalina]<br />
<br />
<pre>sudo /Applications/Install\ macOS\ Catalina.app/Contents/Resources/createinstallmedia \<br />
--volume /Volumes/MyVolume</pre><br />
10.14 [https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/macos-mojave/id1398502828?ls=1&mt=12 Mojave]<br />
<br />
<pre>sudo /Applications/Install\ macOS\ Mojave.app/Contents/Resources/createinstallmedia \<br />
--volume /Volumes/MyVolume</pre><br />
10.13 [https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/macos-high-sierra/id1246284741?ls=1&mt=12 High Sierra]<br />
<br />
<pre>sudo /Applications/Install\ macOS\ High\ Sierra.app/Contents/Resources/createinstallmedia \<br />
--volume /Volumes/MyVolume</pre><br />
10.12 [http://updates-http.cdn-apple.com/2019/cert/061-41343-20191023-02465f92-3ab5-4c92-bfe2-b725447a070d/InstallMacOSX.dmg Yosemite]<br />
<br />
10.11 [http://updates-http.cdn-apple.com/2019/cert/061-41424-20191024-218af9ec-cf50-4516-9011-228c78eda3d2/InstallMacOSX.dmg El Capitan]<br />
<br />
<pre>sudo /Applications/Install\ OS\ X\ El\ Capitan.app/Contents/Resources/createinstallmedia \<br />
--volume /Volumes/MyVolume \<br />
--applicationpath /Applications/Install\ OS\ X\ El\ Capitan.app</pre><br />
10.10 [http://updates-http.cdn-apple.com/2019/cert/061-39476-20191023-48f365f4-0015-4c41-9f44-39d3d2aca067/InstallOS.dmg Sierra]<br />
<br />
<pre>$ sudo /Applications/Install\ OS\ X\ Sierra.app/Contents/Resources/createinstallmedia \<br />
--volume /Volumes/MyVolume \<br />
--applicationpath /Applications/Install\ OS\ X\ Sierra.app</pre><br />
10.9 Maverics<br />
<br />
<pre>$ sudo /Applications/Install\ OS\ X\ Mavericks.app/Contents/Resources/createinstallmedia \<br />
--volume /Volumes/MyVolume \<br />
--applicationpath /Applications/Install\ OS\ X\ Mavericks.app</pre><br />
[https://support.apple.com/downloads/tiger Legacy]<br />
<br />
See also: https://appleinsider.com/articles/19/11/23/how-to-get-an-old-macos-installer-from-apple<br />
<br />
<span id="file-systems"></span><br />
= File systems =<br />
<br />
<span id="create-iso-from-cdr"></span><br />
== Create ISO from CDR ==<br />
<br />
https://forums.macrumors.com/threads/converting-cdr-to-iso.783690/<br />
<br />
Convert a CDR to ISO.<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ hdiutil makehybrid -iso -joliet -o diskimage.iso diskimage.cdr</syntaxhighlight><br />
<span id="write-iso-to-usb"></span><br />
== Write ISO to USB ==<br />
<br />
For bootable images, use one of:<br />
<br />
* [https://www.balena.io/etcher/ Etcher] – '''recommended''' for bootable CD/DVD<br />
* [http://unetbootin.github.io/ UNetbootin] – useful if additional FreeDOS boot is needed (e.g. for firmware upgrades)<br />
<br />
For data only…<br />
<br />
https://snipt.net/w00kie/how-do-i-burn-an-iso-on-a-usb-drive-on-mac-os-x/<br />
<br />
Convert the file to a Disk Image. Note a <code>.dmg</code> extension will be added.<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ hdiutil convert -format UDRW -o /path/to/target /path/to/original.iso</syntaxhighlight><br />
Find current devices<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ diskutil list</syntaxhighlight><br />
Unmount device<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ diskutil unmountDisk /dev/diskN</syntaxhighlight><br />
Write to USB<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ sudo dd if=/path/to/target.dmg of=/dev/rdiskN bs=1m</syntaxhighlight><br />
Eject the disk<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ diskutil eject /dev/diskN</syntaxhighlight><br />
<span id="format-a-disk-from-the-command-line"></span><br />
== Format a disk from the command-line ==<br />
<br />
Format with JHFS+ (Journaled HFS+) with a GPT partition layout.<br />
<br />
<pre>diskutil eraseDisk jhfs+ &quot;ICY BOX 500G&quot; gpt /dev/diskX</pre><br />
<span id="create-custom-corestorage-drive"></span><br />
== Create custom CoreStorage drive ==<br />
<br />
http://www.cnet.com/how-to/how-to-make-a-custom-corestorage-drive-in-os-x/<br />
<br />
Create a CoreStorage volume. Will be using disk0 (SSD) and disk1 (HDD).<br />
<br />
Partition all drives to be part of CS with single GUID partition, named ‘Untitled’. Then determine their drive names<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ diskutil list</syntaxhighlight><br />
Create the logical volume group. Note the 1st drive is the SSD drive, and 2nd is drive is the HDD.<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ diskutil cs create Macintosh\ LVG disk0 disk1</syntaxhighlight><br />
List CS volumes<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ diskutil cs list</syntaxhighlight><br />
Create volume in the volume group using UUID of LVG<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ diskutil cs createVolume UUID jhfs+ Macintosh\ HD 100%</syntaxhighlight><br />
If desired, encrypt the logical volume just created<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ diskutil cs list<br />
$ diskutil cs encryptVolume UUID</syntaxhighlight><br />
Delete a CS LVG.<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ diskutil cs delete UUID</syntaxhighlight><br />
<span id="get-serial-number-of-drive"></span><br />
== Get serial number of drive ==<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ ioreg -l |less</syntaxhighlight><br />
== ditto ==<br />
<br />
Mirror directories in OS X, preserving all ownership and permission data.<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console"># ditto -V /Users /Volumes/SecondaryHD/Users</syntaxhighlight><br />
<span id="write-dmg-to-disk"></span><br />
== Write DMG to disk ==<br />
<br />
http://coolestguyplanettech.com/downtown/how-image-mac-os-x-107-lion-command-lineterminal<br />
<br />
# Mount the destination drive<br />
# Issue this command, replacing source and destination paths<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ asr restore \<br />
--source /path-to-source-dmg-image \<br />
--target /Volumes/path-to-destination-volume \<br />
--erase \<br />
--format HFS+ \<br />
--noverify</syntaxhighlight><br />
* The '''–erase''' will erase the destination format<br />
* The '''–format''' is optional and only required if the destination needs to be reformatted<br />
* The '''–noverify''' is optional and skips verification - but obviously doesn’t verify a successful restore.<br />
<br />
<span id="mount-dmg-as-disk-loopback"></span><br />
== Mount DMG as disk – loopback ==<br />
<br />
http://apple.stackexchange.com/questions/9284/does-mac-have-something-similar-to-a-linux-loop-device<br />
<br />
The upgrade from MacOS 10.12.1 to 10.12.2 broke my APFS formatted Ableton SDCard drive. Ugh :-(. Luckily I still had a machine running 10.12.1, so I figured I’d try to fix things.<br />
<br />
I started by dumping the raw disk <code>/dev/disk2</code> using <code>dd</code>.<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ dd if=/dev/disk2 of=/Volumes/Samsung_T1/Ableton-d2.dmg bs=1m</syntaxhighlight><br />
Mount the disk. ''Note: I could have added the <code>-nomount</code> option after <code>attach</code> to have prevented the disk from actually mounting.''<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ hdiutil attach /Volumes/Samsung_T1/Ableton-d2.dmg<br />
/dev/disk2 GUID_partition_scheme<br />
/dev/disk2s1 EFI<br />
/dev/disk2s2 Apple_APFS<br />
/dev/disk2s2s1 41504653-0000-11AA-AA11-0030654</syntaxhighlight><br />
Yay!<br />
<br />
<span id="apfs"></span><br />
== APFS ==<br />
<br />
* https://developer.apple.com/library/content/documentation/FileManagement/Conceptual/APFS_Guide/Introduction/Introduction.html<br />
* http://www.howtogeek.com/272741/how-to-format-a-drive-with-the-apfs-file-system-on-macos-sierra/<br />
<br />
'''Sparse image'''<br />
<br />
Create a sparse image with APFS.<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ hdiutil create -fs APFS -size 1GB foo.sparseimage</syntaxhighlight><br />
'''Physical disk'''<br />
<br />
Partition the disk<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ sudo diskutil partitionDisk disk2 APFS Untitled 100%</syntaxhighlight><br />
'''Existing partition'''<br />
<br />
Create APFS container.<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ diskutil apfs createContainer /dev/disk2s2</syntaxhighlight><br />
Create APFS volume in an APFS container.<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ diskutil apfs addVolume disk2s2 APFS newAPFS</syntaxhighlight><br />
FSCK.<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ fsck_apfs /dev/disk2s2</syntaxhighlight><br />
<span id="nfs"></span><br />
== NFS ==<br />
<br />
Change default behavior to work better with Linux servers.<br />
<br />
* https://j-li.net/posts/mounting-a-linux-nfs-on-osx<br />
<br />
<code>/etc/nfs.conf</code><br />
<br />
<pre># Generated automatically by NFS Manager 2016-10-19 23:06:36 +0000<br />
nfs.client.allow_async = 1<br />
nfs.client.nfsiod_thread_max = 128<br />
nfs.client.mount.options = nfc,intr<br />
nfs.client.is_mobile = 0</pre><br />
<span id="restart-autofs-without-rebooting."></span><br />
== Restart autofs without rebooting. ==<br />
<br />
Use the <code>automount</code> command.<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ sudo automount -vc</syntaxhighlight><br />
Alternatively, use <code>launchctl</code>.<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ sudo launchctl stop com.apple.autofsd</syntaxhighlight><br />
<span id="partitioning"></span><br />
== Partitioning ==<br />
<br />
References<br />
<br />
* https://developer.apple.com/library/content/documentation/FileManagement/Conceptual/APFS_Guide/ToolsandAPIs/ToolsandAPIs.html#//apple_ref/doc/uid/TP40016999-CH7-DontLinkElementID_13<br />
* http://www.theinstructional.com/guides/disk-management-from-the-command-line-part-2<br />
<br />
Get list of info<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ diskutil list</syntaxhighlight><br />
Format an entire drive as APFS<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console"># command verb disk boot_record filesystem name size<br />
$ diskutil partitionDisk /dev/diskX GPT APFS NewName 0b</syntaxhighlight><br />
Arguments:<br />
<br />
* Boot Records<br />
** GPT (GUID Partition Table)<br />
** MBR (Master Boot Record)<br />
* Filesystems<br />
** APFS (Apple File System – beta in Sierra 10.12.1)<br />
** ExFAT<br />
** FAT32<br />
** HFS+ (Apple HFS+)<br />
<br />
<span id="locked-files-or-folders"></span><br />
== Locked files or folders ==<br />
<br />
Look at the current flags:<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ ls -lO /path/to/folder</syntaxhighlight><br />
Unlock them with:<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ chflags nouchg /path/to/locked/folder</syntaxhighlight><br />
or with:<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ SetFile -a l /path/to/locked/folder</syntaxhighlight><br />
<span id="cookbook"></span><br />
= Cookbook =<br />
<br />
<span id="homebrew"></span><br />
== Homebrew ==<br />
<br />
The <code>ftp</code> and <code>telnet</code> are no longer included with macOS, but can be installed with Brew.<br />
<br />
<pre>$ brew install inetutils</pre><br />
<span id="resize-a-sparse-bundle"></span><br />
== Resize a sparse bundle ==<br />
<br />
Unmount the image, and follow commands below.<br />
<br />
Compact the image (size stays the same).<br />
<br />
<pre>hdiutil compact filename.sparsebundle</pre><br />
Increase the size of the image (e.g. 8G to 12G).<br />
<br />
<pre>hdiutil resize -size 12G filename.sparsebundle</pre><br />
<span id="paragraph-sorting-service"></span><br />
== Paragraph Sorting Service ==<br />
<br />
http://www.macosxautomation.com/services/learn/tut03/index.html<br />
<br />
<ol style="list-style-type: decimal;"><br />
<li>Open Automator.</li><br />
<li>Create a new “Service” workflow.</li><br />
<li>Configure workflow.<br />
<ol style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;"><br />
<li>Service receives selected &gt; text</li><br />
<li>in &gt; any application</li><br />
<li>check &lt; Replaces selected text</li></ol><br />
<br />
<ol start="4" style="list-style-type: decimal;"><br />
<li></li></ol><br />
</li></ol><br />
<br />
<span id="disable-the-swoosh-animation-for-mac-os-x-spaces"></span><br />
== Disable the Swoosh animation for Mac OS X Spaces ==<br />
<br />
macOS [10.12)<br />
<br />
System Preferences &gt; Accessibility &gt; Display &gt; Reduce motion<br />
<br />
macOS (10.11]<br />
<br />
* http://blog.sysmgr.org/2011/02/disable-swoosh-animation-for-mac-os-x.html<br />
* http://secrets.blacktree.com/?showapp=com.apple.dock – interesting<br />
* http://www.macosxhints.com/comment.php?mode=view&amp;cid=117778<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ defaults write com.apple.dock \<br />
workspaces-swoosh-animation-off \<br />
-bool YES &&<br />
killall Dock</syntaxhighlight><br />
<span id="change-screen-capture-behavior."></span><br />
== Change screen capture behavior. ==<br />
<br />
Disable shadow on screen capture.<br />
<br />
<pre>$ defaults write com.apple.screencapture disable-shadow -bool TRUE<br />
$ killall SystemUIServer</pre><br />
Change the location of screen captures.<br />
<br />
<pre>$ defaults write com.apple.screencapture location ~/Pictures/Screenshots</pre><br />
Change the prefix of the screen capture filename.<br />
<br />
<pre>$ defaults write com.apple.screencapture name &quot;Pretty Picture&quot;<br />
$ killall SystemUIServer</pre><br />
Take a screen capture as PDF (PNG is default).<br />
<br />
<pre>$ defaults write com.apple.screencapture type pdf</pre><br />
<span id="endisable-bonjour-announcements-10.5"></span><br />
== (En|Dis)able Bonjour Announcements (10.5+) ==<br />
<br />
Disable<br />
<br />
<pre>$ sudo launchctl unload -w /System/Library/LaunchDaemons/com.apple.mDNSResponder.plist</pre><br />
Enable<br />
<br />
<pre>$ sudo launchctl load -w /System/Library/LaunchDaemons/com.apple.mDNSResponder.plist</pre><br />
To leave it enabled, but not announce things via multicast DNS, edit the plist and add this line to the mDNSResponder options.<br />
<br />
<pre>&lt;string&gt;-NoMulticastAdvertisements&lt;/string&gt;</pre><br />
<span id="time-machine"></span><br />
== Time Machine ==<br />
<br />
Change backup frequency (10.5+) http://hints.macworld.com/article.php?story=200710291721156<br />
<br />
Edit /System/Library/LaunchDaemons/com.apple.backupd-auto.plist and update the StartInterval setting. 3600[s] is 1h.<br />
<br />
<span id="crond-stuff"></span><br />
== Cron’d stuff ==<br />
<br />
See entry at Oct 19, ’10 08:03:30PM in http://hints.macworld.com/article.php?story=200710291721156<br />
<br />
<span id="sleep"></span><br />
== Sleep ==<br />
<br />
Sleep machine from command-line (10.5+)<br />
<br />
<pre>$ pmset sleepnow</pre><br />
=== pmset ===<br />
<br />
See ‘man pmset’ for more info. For 10.4 and prior, see http://www.snoize.com/SleepNow/.<br />
<br />
Figure out why machine isn’t sleeping.<br />
<br />
<pre>$ pmset -g assertions</pre><br />
Log sleep/wake messages<br />
<br />
<pre>$ pmset -g pslog</pre><br />
View the logs later<br />
<br />
<pre>$ pmset -g</pre><br />
<span id="endisable-swap"></span><br />
== (En|Dis)able swap ==<br />
<br />
http://hints.macworld.com/article.php?story=201106020948369<br />
<br />
Disable<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ sudo launchctl unload -w /System/Library/LaunchDaemons/com.apple.dynamic_pager.plist<br />
$ sudo rm /private/var/vm/swapfile*</syntaxhighlight><br />
Enable<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ sudo launchctl load -w /System/Library/LaunchDaemons/com.apple.dynamic_pager.plist</syntaxhighlight><br />
<span id="smart"></span><br />
== SMART ==<br />
<br />
http://hints.macworld.com/article.php?story=20031122041138373<br />
<br />
Get SMART status from the command-line<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console"># diskutil list<br />
# diskutil info diskX |grep SMART</syntaxhighlight><br />
== sysctl ==<br />
<br />
[http://rolande.wordpress.com/2010/12/30/performance-tuning-the-network-stack-on-mac-osx-10-6/ Performance Tuning the Network Stack Mac OS X]<br />
<br />
Versions: [10.5-10.8)<br />
<br />
Put data into <code>/etc/sysctl.conf</code>.<br />
<br />
<pre>kern.ipc.maxsockbuf=4194304<br />
kern.ipc.somaxconn=512<br />
kern.ipc.nmbclusters=2048<br />
net.inet.tcp.rfc1323=1<br />
net.inet.tcp.win_scale_factor=3<br />
net.inet.tcp.sockthreshold=16<br />
net.inet.tcp.sendspace=262144<br />
net.inet.tcp.recvspace=262144<br />
net.inet.tcp.mssdflt=1440<br />
net.inet.tcp.msl=15000<br />
net.inet.tcp.always_keepalive=0<br />
net.inet.tcp.delayed_ack=0<br />
net.inet.tcp.slowstart_flightsize=4<br />
net.inet.tcp.blackhole=2<br />
net.inet.udp.blackhole=1<br />
net.inet.icmp.icmplim=50</pre><br />
Change these values for [10.8)<br />
<br />
<pre>kern.ipc.maxsockbuf=8388608<br />
<br />
# Enable support for 9000+ byte packets.<br />
# https://blah.cloud/hardware/test-jumbo-frames-working/<br />
net.inet.raw.maxdgram=16384</pre><br />
(old) Recommended values for <code>/etc/sysctl.conf</code>.<br />
<br />
{|<br />
! key<br />
! default<br />
! recommended<br />
! notes<br />
|-<br />
| net.inet.tcp.mssdflt<br />
| 512<br />
| 1440<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| net.inet.tcp.win_scale_factor<br />
| 3<br />
| 10<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| net.inet.tcp.sendspace<br />
| 65536<br />
| 2097152<br />
| 1/2 of kern.ipc.maxsockbuf<br />
|-<br />
| net.inet.tcp.recvspace<br />
| 65536<br />
| 2097152<br />
| 1/2 of kern.ipc.maxsockbuf<br />
|}<br />
<br />
<span id="spotlight"></span><br />
== Spotlight ==<br />
<br />
Check status of Spotlight<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console"># mdutil -s /</syntaxhighlight><br />
Enable Spotlight<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console"># mdutil -i on /</syntaxhighlight><br />
Rebuilt database<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console"># mdutil -E /</syntaxhighlight><br />
<span id="restart-finder-from-the-terminal"></span><br />
== Restart Finder from the Terminal ==<br />
<br />
http://thewayeye.net/2012/january/4/how-restart-finder-terminal<br />
<br />
Kill Finder<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ sudo killall Finder</syntaxhighlight><br />
Manually start if it doesn’t automatically<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ open /System/Library/CoreServices/Finder.app</syntaxhighlight><br />
If all else fails, reboot<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ shutdown -r</syntaxhighlight><br />
<span id="extract-contents-of-a-payload-file"></span><br />
== Extract contents of a Payload file ==<br />
<br />
These are basically compressed cpio files.<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ cat Payload |gzip -d |cpio -id</syntaxhighlight><br />
<span id="firewall"></span><br />
== Firewall ==<br />
<br />
List apps allowed/blocked by firewall.<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ sudo /usr/libexec/ApplicationFirewall/socketfilterfw --listapps</syntaxhighlight><br />
<span id="dtrace-and-other-scripts"></span><br />
== dtrace and other scripts ==<br />
<br />
http://dtrace.org/blogs/brendan/2011/10/10/top-10-dtrace-scripts-for-mac-os-x/<br />
<br />
<span id="power-management"></span><br />
== Power management ==<br />
<br />
Get history of power management events<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ pmset -g log |less</syntaxhighlight><br />
<span id="icon-sets"></span><br />
== Icon sets ==<br />
<br />
http://blog.macsales.com/28492-create-your-own-custom-icons-in-10-7-5-or-later<br />
<br />
Create PNG files.<br />
<br />
{|<br />
! Filename<br />
! Image Size (in pixels)<br />
|-<br />
| icon_512x512@2x.png<br />
| 1024 x 1024<br />
|-<br />
| icon_512x512.png<br />
| 512 x 512<br />
|-<br />
| icon_256x256@2x.png<br />
| 512 x 512<br />
|-<br />
| icon_256x256.png<br />
| 256 x 256<br />
|-<br />
| icon_128x128@2x.png<br />
| 256 x 256<br />
|-<br />
| icon_128x128.png<br />
| 128 x 128<br />
|-<br />
| icon_32x32@2x.png<br />
| 64 x 64<br />
|-<br />
| icon_32x32.png<br />
| 32 x 32<br />
|-<br />
| icon_16x16@2x.png<br />
| 32 x 32<br />
|-<br />
| icon_16x16.png<br />
| 16 x 16<br />
|}<br />
<br />
Create an <code>myicon.iconset</code> folder, and put all files in that folder.<br />
<br />
Create a <code>myicon.icns</code> file.<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ iconutil -c icns /path/to/myicon.iconset</syntaxhighlight><br />
Get info about the drive / file, and copy the <code>myicon.icns</code> file over the drive icon of the file.<br />
<br />
<span id="kill-parentalcontrolsd-regularly"></span><br />
== Kill parentalcontrolsd regularly ==<br />
<br />
Create the following plist as <code>/Library/LaunchDaemons/com.forestent.noparentalcontrolsd</code> with root as owner.<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="xml"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><br />
<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd"><br />
<plist version="1.0"><br />
<dict><br />
<key>Label</key><br />
<string>com.stevenlin.antiparent</string><br />
<br />
<key>ProgramArguments</key><br />
<array><br />
<string>/bin/launchctl</string><br />
<string>kill</string><br />
<string>SIGSTOP</string><br />
<string>system/com.apple.familycontrols</string><br />
</array><br />
<br />
<key>Nice</key><br />
<integer>1</integer><br />
<br />
<key>StartInterval</key><br />
<integer>600</integer><br />
<br />
<key>RunAtLoad</key><br />
<true/><br />
<br />
</dict><br />
</plist></syntaxhighlight><br />
Load the plist.<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ sudo launchctl load /Library/LaunchDaemons/com.forestent.noparentalcontrolsd</syntaxhighlight><br />
<span id="install-a-package-from-the-command-line"></span><br />
== Install a package from the command-line ==<br />
<br />
Use <code>/usr/sbin/installer</code>.<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ sudo installer -pkg /path/to/package.pkg -target /</syntaxhighlight><br />
<pre>sudo installer -pkg macOSUpd10.14.3.pkg -target / -verboseR -dumplog 2&gt;&amp;1 |tee ~/var/log/macOSUpd10.14.3.log</pre><br />
<span id="upgrade-software-from-the-command-line"></span><br />
== Upgrade software from the command-line ==<br />
<br />
Use <code>softwareupdate</code>.<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ softwareupdate -l<br />
Software Update Tool<br />
<br />
Fining available software</syntaxhighlight><br />
If the updater is hitting problems, e.g. unable to contact update servers, consider resetting the catalogs. (Was needed for 10.14.3 at Google.)<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="shell">sudo softwareupdate --clear-catalog</syntaxhighlight><br />
<span id="change-visibility-of-hidden-folders"></span><br />
== Change visibility of hidden folders ==<br />
<br />
Use <code>/usr/bin/chflags</code>.<br />
<br />
<pre>$ chflags nohidden ~/Library</pre><br />
<span id="force-rgb-mode-a.k.a.-fix-horrible-fonts"></span><br />
== Force RGB Mode (a.k.a. fix horrible fonts) ==<br />
<br />
http://www.iphonetopics.com/force-rgb-mode-in-mac-os-x/<br />
<br />
<span id="misc.-utilities"></span><br />
= Misc. Utilities =<br />
<br />
<span id="expansion-slot-utility"></span><br />
== Expansion Slot Utility ==<br />
<br />
The utility is located in /System/Library/CoreServices and is used to configure the performance of the PCI slots.<br />
<br />
<span id="fonts"></span><br />
== Fonts ==<br />
<br />
https://discussions.apple.com/thread/3646002?tstart=0 http://www.thexlab.com/faqs/undofontbook.html http://www.jklstudios.com/misc/osxfonts.htm<br />
<br />
<span id="pmset-1"></span><br />
== pmset ==<br />
<br />
Get the current settings<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ pmset -g<br />
System-wide power settings:<br />
Currently in use:<br />
standby 1<br />
Sleep On Power Button 1<br />
womp 0<br />
autorestart 0<br />
hibernatefile /var/vm/sleepimage<br />
powernap 1<br />
gpuswitch 2<br />
networkoversleep 0<br />
disksleep 10<br />
sleep 60 (sleep prevented by backupd, AddressBookSourceSync, nsurlsessiond, nsurlsessiond, nsurlsessiond, nsurlsessiond, nsurlsessiond)<br />
autopoweroffdelay 28800<br />
hibernatemode 0<br />
autopoweroff 1<br />
ttyskeepawake 1<br />
displaysleep 60<br />
standbydelay 10800</syntaxhighlight><br />
=== autopoweroff ===<br />
<br />
''This is the reason my 2013 Mac Pro wakes so slowly from sleep each morning.''<br />
<br />
https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT201635<br />
<br />
'''autopoweroff''' is enabled by default on supported platforms as an implementation of Lot 6 to the European Energy-related Products Directive. After sleeping for <code>autopoweroffdelay</code> seconds, the system will write a hibernation image and go into a lower power chipset sleep. Wakeups from this state will take longer than wakeups from regular sleep.<br />
<br />
== bputil ==<br />
<br />
https://keith.github.io/xcode-man-pages/bputil.1.html<br />
<br />
Utility to precisely modify the security settings on Apple Silicon Macs<br />
<br />
== trustd ==<br />
<br />
https://sneak.berlin/20201112/your-computer-isnt-yours/<br />
<br />
This makes requests to ocsp.apple.com each and every time an app is opened. Ugh.<br />
<br />
<span id="troubleshooting"></span><br />
= Troubleshooting =<br />
<br />
https://github.com/upekkha/AppleHardwareTest<br />
<br />
<span id="previous-shutdown-cause"></span><br />
== Previous shutdown cause ==<br />
<br />
Look at the log on the command-line, and compare to documented causes can be found on this [https://georgegarside.com/blog/macos/shutdown-causes/ blog].<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ log show --predicate 'eventMessage contains "Previous shutdown cause:"'<br />
Skipping info and debug messages, pass --info and/or --debug to include.<br />
Filtering the log data using "eventMessage CONTAINS "Previous shutdown cause:""<br />
Timestamp Thread Type Activity PID<br />
2017-11-30 17:12:25.019394+0100 0x379 Default 0x0 0 kernel: (AppleSMC) Previous shutdown cause: 3<br />
2017-12-06 18:16:46.306853+0100 0x3ff Default 0x0 0 kernel: (AppleSMC) Previous shutdown cause: 5<br />
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------<br />
Log - Default: 2, Info: 0, Debug: 0, Error: 0, Fault: 0<br />
Activity - Create: 0, Transition: 0, Actions: 0</syntaxhighlight><br />
<span id="mouse-lag"></span><br />
== Mouse Lag ==<br />
<br />
Try turning off the mouse, removing it from the Bluetooth preferences window, and repairing the device.<br />
<br />
On the Mac Pro (Late 2013) model, Wi-Fi seems to interfere with the Bluetooth signal such that the mouse lags. Disable Wi-Fi if possible, or use a hardwired mouse.<br />
<br />
<span id="dns-resolution"></span><br />
== DNS resolution ==<br />
<br />
* https://discussions.apple.com/thread/3339686?start=0&amp;tstart=0<br />
* http://www.justincarmony.com/blog/2011/07/27/mac-os-x-lion-etc-hosts-bugs-and-dns-resolution/<br />
<br />
Get dump of resolvers<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ scutil --dns</syntaxhighlight><br />
<span id="reset-dns-cache"></span><br />
== Reset DNS cache ==<br />
<br />
OS X &lt;= 10.9.* &amp;&amp; &gt;= 10.10.4<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ sudo killall -HUP mDNSResponder</syntaxhighlight><br />
OS X 10.10.0 - 10.10.3<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ sudo discoveryutil mdnsflushcache</syntaxhighlight><br />
<span id="finder-file-is-damaged"></span><br />
== Finder – “File is damaged” ==<br />
<br />
Finder is reporting “File is damaged” and “Move to Trash” or “Unmount disk”. If you know the file is fine, remove the quarantine <code>xattr</code>, and try again.<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ xattr -d com.apple.quarantine /path/to/file</syntaxhighlight><br />
<span id="cannot-verify-installer"></span><br />
== Cannot verify installer ==<br />
<br />
http://www.macrumors.com/2016/03/03/older-os-x-installers-broken-by-certificate/<br />
<br />
Installers downloaded before Feb 14 2016 will not validate because the certificate used to sign the installer expired. To work around the issue, quit out of the installer, set the date back, and rerun the installer.<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ date 0201010116</syntaxhighlight><br />
Alternatively, a newer version of the installer can be downloaded. Unfortunately, older OS X installs won’t be available, so the date method must be used.<br />
<br />
<span id="look-at-available-wi-fi-networks"></span><br />
== Look at available Wi-Fi networks ==<br />
<br />
http://apple.stackexchange.com/questions/131852/how-do-you-force-a-5-ghz-wifi-connection<br />
<br />
Scan for network BSSIDs.<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Apple80211.framework/Versions/Current/Resources/airport scan<br />
SSID BSSID RSSI CHANNEL HT CC SECURITY (auth/unicast/group)<br />
Valerie c0:25:06:cf:0c:d3 -78 100,+1 Y DE WPA2(PSK/AES/AES)<br />
Valerie c0:25:06:cf:0c:d7 -69 11 Y DE WPA2(PSK/AES/AES)</syntaxhighlight><br />
For &lt;=10.6 use a different command.<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Apple80211.framework/Versions/Current/Resources/airport --associate=XXX --bssid=YYY</syntaxhighlight><br />
<span id="downgrade-from-high-sierra-to-sierra"></span><br />
== Downgrade from High Sierra to Sierra ==<br />
<br />
https://www.imore.com/how-downgrade-macos<br />
<br />
Technically, a downgrade isn’t possible from backup :-(<br />
<br />
Erase a disk with the MacOS Extended (Journaled) format, with a name of <code>Untitled</code>.<br />
<br />
Create install media, using <code>/Volume/Untitled</code> as destination volume.<br />
<br />
* The volume will again be erased, so it is OK to use the old volume name.<br />
* The <code>--applicationpath</code> must be the '''fully qualified path'''.<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ sudo /Applications/Install\ macOS\ High\ Sierra.app/Contents/Resources/createinstallmedia \<br />
--volume /Volumes/Untitled \<br />
--applicationpath "/Applications/Install macOS Sierra.app"<br />
Ready to start.<br />
To continue we need to erase the disk at /Volumes/Untitled.<br />
If you wish to continue type (Y) then press return: y<br />
Erasing Disk: 0%... 10%... 20%... 30%...100%...<br />
Copying installer files to disk...<br />
Copy complete.<br />
Making disk bootable...<br />
Copying boot files...<br />
Copy complete.<br />
Done.</syntaxhighlight><br />
<span id="adjust-macos-font-smoothing"></span><br />
== Adjust macOS font smoothing ==<br />
<br />
<span id="font-smoothing"></span><br />
=== Font smoothing ===<br />
<br />
https://software.com/mac/tweaks/change-font-smoothing<br />
<br />
Display the current font smoothing:<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ defaults -currentHost read -globalDomain AppleFontSmoothing</syntaxhighlight><br />
Change the font smoothing (0=off, 1=light, 2=Medium/flat panel, 3=strong/blurred) This is mostly needed for non-Apple displays. Restart applications to see the effect<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ defaults -currentHost write -globalDomain AppleFontSmoothing -int 0</syntaxhighlight><br />
Delete the setting completely (restore default)<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ defaults -currentHost delete -globalDomain AppleFontSmoothing</syntaxhighlight><br />
Set the font anti-aliasing minimum sizes, globally or per-application:<br />
<br />
<pre>$ defaults -currentHost write .GlobalPreferences AppleSmoothFontsSizeThreshold -int 16<br />
$ defaults -currentHost write .GlobalPreferences AppleFontSmoothing -int 0<br />
$ defaults -currentHost write com.apple.safari AppleAntiAliasingThreshold -int 16</pre><br />
<span id="anti-aliasing"></span><br />
=== Anti-aliasing ===<br />
<br />
Read the current value.<br />
<br />
<pre>$ defaults read NSGlobalDomain AppleAntiAliasingThreshold<br />
4</pre><br />
The anti-aliasing can be configured per application. (https://ss64.com/osx/syntax-defaults.html)<br />
<br />
<pre>$ defaults -currentHost write com.apple.safari AppleAntiAliasingThreshold -int 16</pre><br />
<span id="misc"></span><br />
= Misc =<br />
<br />
<span id="commands-looking-at-profile-enrollment-at-work."></span><br />
== Commands looking at profile enrollment at work. ==<br />
<br />
Profile enrollment of some sort?<br />
<br />
<pre>$ profiles status -type enrollment</pre><br />
<pre>$ sudo profiles list<br />
_computerlevel[1] attribute: profileIdentifier: com.google.corp.gmac.applicationaccess<br />
_computerlevel[2] attribute: profileIdentifier: com.google.corp.gmac.chrome.extension.passwordalert<br />
_computerlevel[3] attribute: profileIdentifier: com.google.corp.gmac.networkprofile<br />
_computerlevel[4] attribute: profileIdentifier: com.google.corp.gmac.chrome.extensionsettings<br />
_computerlevel[5] attribute: profileIdentifier: com.google.corp.gmac.bird<br />
_computerlevel[6] attribute: profileIdentifier: com.google.mdm.profile.kext<br />
_computerlevel[7] attribute: profileIdentifier: com.google.mdm.profile.initial<br />
_computerlevel[8] attribute: profileIdentifier: com.google.corp.gmac.touchid<br />
_computerlevel[9] attribute: profileIdentifier: com.google.corp.gmac.internetsharing<br />
_computerlevel[10] attribute: profileIdentifier: com.google.corp.gmac.sparkle<br />
_computerlevel[11] attribute: profileIdentifier: com.google.corp.gmac.management<br />
_computerlevel[12] attribute: profileIdentifier: com.google.corp.gmac.restor<br />
_computerlevel[13] attribute: profileIdentifier: com.google.corp.gmac.chrome.extension.detangle<br />
_computerlevel[14] attribute: profileIdentifier: com.google.corp.gmac.chrome<br />
_computerlevel[15] attribute: profileIdentifier: com.google.corp.gmac.santa<br />
_computerlevel[16] attribute: profileIdentifier: com.google.corp.gmac.spotlight<br />
_computerlevel[17] attribute: profileIdentifier: com.google.corp.gmac.prefpanes<br />
There are 17 system configuration profiles installed</pre><br />
<pre>$ sudo profiles show -type enrollment<br />
Device Enrollment configuration:<br />
{<br />
AllowPairing = 1;<br />
AwaitDeviceConfigured = 1;<br />
ConfigurationURL = &quot;https://emmapplecodevice.googleapis.com/v1/_/deviceserver/C02h8e9nw/setup?key=AIzaSyAdMVj0IzE7K6u90EkdmoVTc_79_hO1i5w&quot;;<br />
IsMDMUnremovable = 0;<br />
IsMandatory = 1;<br />
IsSupervised = 1;<br />
OrganizationAddress = &quot;1600 Amphitheatre Parkway, n/a, , Mountain VIew, CA 94043&quot;;<br />
OrganizationAddressLine1 = &quot;1600 Amphitheatre Parkway&quot;;<br />
OrganizationAddressLine2 = &quot;n/a&quot;;<br />
OrganizationCity = &quot;Mountain VIew&quot;;<br />
OrganizationCountry = USA;<br />
OrganizationEmail = &quot;abma@google.com&quot;;<br />
OrganizationName = &quot;Google LLC&quot;;<br />
OrganizationPhone = 12125658743;<br />
OrganizationZipCode = 94043;<br />
SkipSetup = (<br />
AppleID,<br />
Siri,<br />
iCloudDiagnostics<br />
);<br />
}</pre><br />
<span id="kernel-extensions"></span><br />
== Kernel extensions ==<br />
<br />
Get list of approved kernel extensions (e.g. TripMode and Intel Power).<br />
<br />
<pre>$ echo 'select * from kext_policy; ' | sudo sqlite3 /var/db/SystemPolicyConfiguration/KextPolicy<br />
78UFGP42EU|ch.tripmode.TripModeNKE|1|Ludovic LEGER|1<br />
Z3L495V9L4|com.intel.driver.EnergyDriver|1|Intel Corporation Apps|1</pre><br />
<pre>$ echo 'select * from kext_policy_mdm;' | sudo sqlite3 /var/db/SystemPolicyConfiguration/KextPolicy<br />
EQHXZ8M8AV||1|82CBE2F3-84FA-4734-9E74-FB0F06DB8319<br />
P8DQRXPVLP||1|82CBE2F3-84FA-4734-9E74-FB0F06DB8319<br />
X9E956P446||1|82CBE2F3-84FA-4734-9E74-FB0F06DB8319<br />
3T5GSNBU6W|com.github.osxfuse.filesystems.osxfuse|1|82CBE2F3-84FA-4734-9E74-FB0F06DB8319</pre><br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ cat /var/db/ConfigurationProfiles/Settings/.cloudConfigRecordFound<br />
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><br />
<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd"><br />
<plist version="1.0"><br />
<dict><br />
<key>CloudConfigProfile</key><br />
<dict><br />
<key>AllowPairing</key><br />
<true/><br />
...<br />
</dict><br />
</dict><br />
</plsit></syntaxhighlight><br />
<span id="code-signing"></span><br />
== Code signing ==<br />
<br />
Get code signing information about an app.<br />
<br />
<pre>$ codesign -dvv /Applications/ESET\ Endpoint\ Antivirus.app/Contents/PlugIns/kext/esets_kac_64_109.kext<br />
Executable=/Applications/ESET Endpoint Antivirus.app/Contents/PlugIns/kext/esets_kac_64_109.kext/Contents/MacOS/esets_kac_64_109<br />
Identifier=com.eset.kext.esets-kac<br />
Format=bundle with Mach-O thin (x86_64)<br />
CodeDirectory v=20200 size=759 flags=0x0(none) hashes=18+3 location=embedded<br />
Signature size=9055<br />
Authority=Developer ID Application: ESET, spol. s r.o. (P8DQRXPVLP)<br />
Authority=Developer ID Certification Authority<br />
Authority=Apple Root CA<br />
Timestamp=22 Aug 2018 at 19:39:32<br />
Info.plist entries=19<br />
TeamIdentifier=P8DQRXPVLP<br />
Sealed Resources version=2 rules=13 files=1<br />
Internal requirements count=1 size=36</pre><br />
<span id="powerchime"></span><br />
== PowerChime ==<br />
<br />
The new MacBook Pro machine chimes when it gets power. Annoying??<br />
<br />
* https://apple.stackexchange.com/questions/265759/how-to-disable-plug-in-sound-on-late-2016-macbook-pro/265763#265763<br />
* https://apple.stackexchange.com/questions/282752/turning-power-chime-off<br />
<br />
<span id="set-static-route-and-make-persistent-on-boot"></span><br />
== Set static route, and make persistent on boot ==<br />
<br />
https://apple.stackexchange.com/questions/219834/how-to-set-network-devices-priority-on-afp-smb-transfers<br />
<br />
In the example below I assume the Ethernet router has the IP 192.168.0.1 and the network behind the router is the 192.168.56.0/24 network.<br />
<br />
<pre>sudo route add -net 192.168.56.0 192.168.0.1</pre><br />
To make this route persistent add a launch daemon on your machines:<br />
<br />
<pre>sudo nano /Library/LaunchDaemons/local.staticroute.shares.plist</pre><br />
with the content<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="xml"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><br />
<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd"><br />
<plist version="1.0"><br />
<dict><br />
<key>Label</key><br />
<string>local.staticroute.shares</string><br />
<key>ProgramArguments</key><br />
<array><br />
<string>route</string><br />
<string>add</string><br />
<string>-net</string><br />
<string>192.168.56.0</string><br />
<string>192.168.0.1</string><br />
</array><br />
<key>RunAtLoad</key><br />
<true/><br />
</dict><br />
</plist></syntaxhighlight><br />
Save the file (Ctrl-O) and quit Nano (Ctrl-X).<br />
<br />
Load the launch daemon with:<br />
<br />
<pre>sudo launchctl load -w /Library/LaunchDaemons/local.staticroute.shares.plist</pre><br />
To access the shares enter afp://192.168.56.x, cifs://192.168.56.x or smb://192.168.56.x (with x= the last octet of the IP address of the share).<br />
<br />
<span id="open-system-preferences-as-root"></span><br />
== Open System Preferences as root ==<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="shell">sudo /System/Applications/System\ Preferences.app/Contents/MacOS/System\ Preferences</syntaxhighlight><br />
<span id="macos-big-sur"></span><br />
== macOS Big Sur ==<br />
<br />
<span id="change-the-menu-bar-datetime-format"></span><br />
=== Change the menu bar date/time format ===<br />
<br />
Update the format using Terminal.<br />
<br />
<pre>defaults write com.apple.menuextra.clock DateFormat -string &quot;EEE d MMM h:mm a&quot;</pre><br />
My prefered version of the command. NOTE: spaces aren’t needed.<br />
<br />
<pre>defaults write com.apple.menuextra.clock DateFormat -string &quot;EMdhhmmss&quot;</pre><br />
<span id="system-extensions"></span><br />
=== System Extensions ===<br />
<br />
Get list of loaded extensions.<br />
<br />
<pre>$ kmutil showloaded</pre><br />
Get list of loaded auxillary extensions.<br />
<br />
<pre>$ kmutil showloaded --collection auxiliary</pre><br />
<span id="macos-catalina"></span><br />
== macOS Catalina ==<br />
<br />
<span id="remove-default-interactive-warning-for-bash."></span><br />
=== Remove “default interactive” warning for bash. ===<br />
<br />
macOS Catalina ships with zsh as the default shell for licensing reasons. To notify users, a warning is presented each time a bash interactive shell is started.<br />
<br />
<pre>The default interactive shell is now zsh.<br />
To update your account to use zsh, please run `chsh -s /bin/zsh`.<br />
For more details, please visit https://support.apple.com/kb/HT208050.</pre><br />
To disable the warning, add this to <code>~/.bash_profile</code> or equivalent.<br />
<br />
<pre>export BASH_SILENCE_DEPRECATION_WARNING=1</pre></div>
Kward
https://wiki.forestent.com/index.php?title=MacOS_AVB&diff=325
MacOS AVB
2021-12-28T20:12:37Z
<p>Kward: </p>
<hr />
<div>= Supported macOS versions =<br />
<br />
[[AVB]] is supported on all Mac hardware that includes Thunderbolt ports. The first macOS release supporting Thunderbolt, and thereby AVB, was OS X Yosemite in 2014.<br />
<br />
{|<br />
! OS<br />
! Release<br />
! Notes<br />
|-<br />
| macOS Monterey<br />
| 12.*<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| macOS Big Sur<br />
| 11.*<br />
| [11.2) Good<br />
[11.0-11.1] Clocking issues at 48kHz.<br />
|-<br />
| macOS Catalina<br />
| 10.15.*<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| macOS Mojave<br />
| 10.14.*<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| macOS High Sierra<br />
| 10.13.*<br />
| All releases have serious AVB clocking issues that. This release is '''highly discouraged'''.<br />
|-<br />
| macOS Sierra<br />
| 10.12.*<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| OS X El Capitan<br />
| 10.11.*<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OS_X_Yosemite OS X Yosemite]<br />
| 10.10.*<br />
| Only Apple supplied AVB drivers are supported.<br />
|}<br />
<br />
For more detailed information see the [[Avid S3L and macOS]] page.<br />
<br />
= Resources =<br />
<br />
'''Apple'''<br />
* [https://support.apple.com/guide/audio-midi-setup/browse-your-network-for-an-avb-device-amsavb001 Browse your network for an AVB device in Audio MIDI Setup on Mac]<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:macOS]]<br />
[[Category:AVB]]<br />
[[Category:Pro Audio]]</div>
Kward
https://wiki.forestent.com/index.php?title=Main_Page&diff=324
Main Page
2021-12-23T17:45:54Z
<p>Kward: </p>
<hr />
<div>== Welcome to the musings of k8 wiki ==<br />
''This wiki is a supporting site for http://blog.forestent.com/<nowiki/>.''<br />
<br />
=== Projects ===<br />
Gathering practical information about the [[Avid S3L]] console, including using third-party [[AVB]] devices, and using the [[Avid Stage 16]] stage box as a stand-alone device.<br />
<br />
http://github.com/kward -- my Github projects<br />
<br />
=== Blog articles ===<br />
These are draft blog articles that will eventually be published at https://blog.forestent.com/.<br />
<br />
* [[Blog:Netgear GST724Tv4 and AVB]] -- The full end-to-end process of verifying the switch version, purchasing and installing an AVB license, and testing it between a Mac and AVB device (most likely various [[MOTU]] audio interfaces and the [[Avid S3L]]).<br />
<br />
=== Videos ===<br />
These are some videos I've produced.<br />
<br />
* musings of k8 (https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCGZ36HCSAZmdbi4A2TZzugw)<br />
** HOWTO Use Waves Plug-ins With an Avid S3L ([https://youtu.be/3Zddq5fh5MU YouTube])<br />
** HOWTO Do a Redundant Recording With the Avid S3L ([https://youtu.be/uQ16HJhvmv0 YouTube])<br />
** HOWTO Connect a MOTU AVB Device to the Avid S3L ([https://youtu.be/9bkhsHlYF_g YouTube])<br />
<br />
=== Information ===<br />
==== Random notes ====<br />
<br />
[[Notes:macOS|macOS]]<br />
<br />
[[1Password Application Passwords]] -- My personal mapping of application → app:// references I use so 1Password finds the right app.<br />
<br />
==== Audio interfaces ====<br />
<br />
* [[:Category:MOTU|MOTU]]<br />
<br />
==== Avid consoles ====<br />
<br />
* [[Avid S3L]] (including the S3L-X)<br />
* [[Avid S3L and macOS]]<br />
* [[Avid S6L]]<br />
<br />
==== AVB ====<br />
<br />
OS Support<br />
* [[macOS AVB]]<br />
<br />
Routing<br />
* [[AVB Controller]]s<br />
<br />
Networking<br />
* [[AVB Switches]]<br />
* [[MOTU AVB Switch]]<br />
* [[Netgear GS724Tv4]]<br />
* [[PreSonus SW5E]]<br />
<br />
=== Notes ===<br />
<br />
* [[Golang]] – The Go Programming Language<br />
<br />
=== Interesting… ===<br />
<br />
Things I find interesting, but don't have the time look deeper.<br />
<br />
Audio<br />
* [https://www.junger-audio.com/en/products/classic-line Jünger CLASSIC LINE]<br />
<br />
Economics<br />
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_von_Mises Ludwig von Mises] was an Austrian School economist, historian, logician and sociologist. Mises wrote and lectured extensively on the societal contributions of classical liberalism. He is best known for his work on praxeology, a study of human choice and action.<br />
* [http://bastiat.org/en/petition.html Bastiat's famous Candlestick makers' Petition] by Frédéric Bastiat<br />
* [https://wallstreetonparade.com/ Wall Street on Parade] -- A Citizen Guide to Wall Street<br />
* George Gammon ([https://www.youtube.com/c/GeorgeGammon/ YouTube]) –- Macro economics, money supply, and the US economy<br />
<br />
Gold<br />
* [https://www.incrementum.li/en/journal/in-gold-we-trust/ In Gold We Trust] -- Annual report on gold<br />
** [https://ingoldwetrust.report/igwt/ In Gold We Trust Report]<br />
<br />
Lightroom<br />
* [https://fstoppers.com/landscapes/how-properly-edit-fall-colors-lightroom-or-adobe-camera-raw-521845 How to Properly Edit Fall Colors in Lightroom or Adobe Camera Raw]<br />
<br />
=== Site ===<br />
* [[Site:Guidelines|Guidelines]]</div>
Kward
https://wiki.forestent.com/index.php?title=Avid_S3L&diff=323
Avid S3L
2021-12-23T16:25:59Z
<p>Kward: </p>
<hr />
<div>The Avid S3L console (including the updated [[Avid S3L-X]] version) is an amazing digital console. Anyone who has used an older [https://avid.com/ Avid] console (e.g., the [[Avid D-Show]] or [[Avid Profile]]) will be right at home with the [[Avid VENUE]] software interface, meaning they can jump straight to crafting their mix.<br />
<br />
== Background ==<br />
<br />
'''This site focuses on non-standard solutions to problems that many S3L users are curious about.''' Information abounds on the internets for how to use the console for normal situations. Google is your friend for finding it.<br />
<br />
'''None of the information on this site is endorsed or supported by Avid.''' Do not contact Avid about anything you have read here!<br />
<br />
== Information ==<br />
<br />
Information and solutions provided:<br />
<br />
'''Avid S3L''' (including the S3L-X)<br />
<br />
* [[Avid S3L:3P AVB]] – Configuring the S3L to work with third-party (3P) AVB devices (e.g., the [[MOTU Stage-B16]]).<br />
* [[AVB Switches]] – Tested AVB capable Ethernet switches.<br />
* [[Avid S3L iLok]] – Running the [[iLok]] License Manager on the Windows desktop.<br />
<br />
Avid provided<br />
<br />
* [https://cdn-www.avid.com/-/media/avid/files/products-pdf/venue-s3l-x/venue-s3lx-system-guide.pdf VENUE S3L-X System Guide]<br />
<br />
'''Avid E3 Engine'''<br />
<br />
* [[Avid E3 Engine]]<br />
* [[Avid E3 Engine Internals]] -- Information about the internals of the E3 Engine (e.g., the multiple embedded Linux devices).<br />
<br />
'''Avid Stage 16'''<br />
<br />
* [[Avid Stage 16]]<br />
* [[Avid Stage 16 Internals]] – Information about the internals of the stage box (e.g., the embedded Linux AVB server).<br />
* [[Avid Stage 16 Standalone]] – Configuring the Stage 16 stage box to work as a stand-alone device (e.g., directly accessible from macOS, or attached via [[AVB]] to a [[MOTU Stage-B16]] without the [[Avid E3 Engine]])<br />
<br />
'''Avid S3 Console'''<br />
<br />
* [[Avid S3 Console]]<br />
<br />
== Security ==<br />
<br />
The security model of the Avid S3L console was never designed for it to be attached directly to an open, unprotected internet connection. If you decide to connect the device to a network that connects to internet, '''please ensure that connection is secured with a firewall'''!!<br />
<br />
The embedded Windows 8.1 installation has few open ports, but the multiple embedded Linux devices in the [[Avid E3 Engine]], [[Avid Stage 16]] stage box, as well as the [[Avid S3 Console]] all have some open ports with practically zero protections in place.<br />
<br />
Ideally, the Avid S3L would only be connected to an isolated network with devices dedicated only to the task at hand, with no other devices.<br />
<br />
[[Category:Avid]]<br />
[[Category:S3L]]<br />
[[Category:Pro Audio]]</div>
Kward
https://wiki.forestent.com/index.php?title=Site:Guidelines&diff=322
Site:Guidelines
2021-12-21T23:56:21Z
<p>Kward: </p>
<hr />
<div>== Documentation guidelines for this site ==<br />
<br />
=== Page naming ===<br />
Follow the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Naming_conventions_(capitalization) Wikipedia:Naming conventions (capitalization)]<br />
<br />
=== Categorization ===<br />
See the full list of [[Categories]].<br />
<br />
When documenting hardware, provide both a Vendor category (e.g., [[:Category:Avid]] or [[:Category:MOTU]]) and a Make category (e.g., [[:Category:S3L]] or [[:Category:24Ai]]).<br />
<br />
'''Top-level categories'''<br />
* [[:Category:Vendor]]</div>
Kward
https://wiki.forestent.com/index.php?title=Site:Guidelines&diff=321
Site:Guidelines
2021-12-21T23:55:44Z
<p>Kward: </p>
<hr />
<div>== Documentation guidelines for this site ==<br />
<br />
=== Page naming ===<br />
Follow the [Wikipedia:Naming conventions (capitalization)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Naming_conventions_(capitalization))<br />
<br />
=== Categorization ===<br />
See the full list of [[Categories]].<br />
<br />
When documenting hardware, provide both a Vendor category (e.g., [[:Category:Avid]] or [[:Category:MOTU]]) and a Make category (e.g., [[:Category:S3L]] or [[:Category:24Ai]]).<br />
<br />
'''Top-level categories'''<br />
* [[:Category:Vendor]]</div>
Kward
https://wiki.forestent.com/index.php?title=Main_Page&diff=320
Main Page
2021-12-21T23:54:29Z
<p>Kward: </p>
<hr />
<div>== Welcome to the musings of k8 wiki ==<br />
''This wiki is a supporting site for http://blog.forestent.com/<nowiki/>.''<br />
<br />
=== Projects ===<br />
Gathering practical information about the [[Avid S3L]] console, including using third-party [[AVB]] devices, and using the [[Avid Stage 16]] stage box as a stand-alone device.<br />
<br />
http://github.com/kward -- my Github projects<br />
<br />
=== Blog articles ===<br />
These are draft blog articles that will eventually be published at https://blog.forestent.com/.<br />
<br />
* [[Blog:Netgear GST724Tv4 and AVB]] -- The full end-to-end process of verifying the switch version, purchasing and installing an AVB license, and testing it between a Mac and AVB device (most likely various [[MOTU]] audio interfaces and the [[Avid S3L]]).<br />
<br />
=== Videos ===<br />
These are some videos I've produced.<br />
<br />
* musings of k8 (https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCGZ36HCSAZmdbi4A2TZzugw)<br />
** HOWTO Do a Redundant Recording With the Avid S3L ([https://youtu.be/uQ16HJhvmv0 YouTube])<br />
** HOWTO Connect a MOTU AVB Device to the Avid S3L ([https://youtu.be/9bkhsHlYF_g YouTube])<br />
<br />
=== Information ===<br />
==== Random notes ====<br />
<br />
[[Notes:macOS|macOS]]<br />
<br />
[[1Password Application Passwords]] -- My personal mapping of application → app:// references I use so 1Password finds the right app.<br />
<br />
==== Audio interfaces ====<br />
<br />
* [[:Category:MOTU|MOTU]]<br />
<br />
==== Avid consoles ====<br />
<br />
* [[Avid S3L]] (including the S3L-X)<br />
* [[Avid S3L and macOS]]<br />
* [[Avid S6L]]<br />
<br />
==== AVB ====<br />
<br />
OS Support<br />
* [[macOS AVB]]<br />
<br />
Routing<br />
* [[AVB Controller]]s<br />
<br />
Networking<br />
* [[AVB Switches]]<br />
* [[MOTU AVB Switch]]<br />
* [[Netgear GS724Tv4]]<br />
* [[PreSonus SW5E]]<br />
<br />
=== Notes ===<br />
<br />
* [[Golang]] – The Go Programming Language<br />
<br />
=== Interesting… ===<br />
<br />
Things I find interesting, but don't have the time look deeper.<br />
<br />
Audio<br />
* [https://www.junger-audio.com/en/products/classic-line Jünger CLASSIC LINE]<br />
<br />
Economics<br />
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_von_Mises Ludwig von Mises] was an Austrian School economist, historian, logician and sociologist. Mises wrote and lectured extensively on the societal contributions of classical liberalism. He is best known for his work on praxeology, a study of human choice and action.<br />
* [http://bastiat.org/en/petition.html Bastiat's famous Candlestick makers' Petition] by Frédéric Bastiat<br />
* [https://wallstreetonparade.com/ Wall Street on Parade] -- A Citizen Guide to Wall Street<br />
* George Gammon ([https://www.youtube.com/c/GeorgeGammon/ YouTube]) –- Macro economics, money supply, and the US economy<br />
<br />
Gold<br />
* [https://www.incrementum.li/en/journal/in-gold-we-trust/ In Gold We Trust] -- Annual report on gold<br />
** [https://ingoldwetrust.report/igwt/ In Gold We Trust Report]<br />
<br />
Lightroom<br />
* [https://fstoppers.com/landscapes/how-properly-edit-fall-colors-lightroom-or-adobe-camera-raw-521845 How to Properly Edit Fall Colors in Lightroom or Adobe Camera Raw]<br />
<br />
=== Site ===<br />
* [[Site:Guidelines|Guidelines]]</div>
Kward
https://wiki.forestent.com/index.php?title=Main_Page&diff=319
Main Page
2021-12-21T23:44:29Z
<p>Kward: .</p>
<hr />
<div>== Welcome to the musings of k8 wiki ==<br />
''This wiki is a supporting site for http://blog.forestent.com/<nowiki/>.''<br />
<br />
=== Projects ===<br />
Gathering practical information about the [[Avid S3L]] console, including using third-party [[AVB]] devices, and using the [[Avid Stage 16]] stage box as a stand-alone device.<br />
<br />
http://github.com/kward -- my Github projects<br />
<br />
=== Blog articles ===<br />
These are draft blog articles that will eventually be published at https://blog.forestent.com/.<br />
<br />
- [[Blog:Netgear GST724Tv4 and AVB]] -- The full end-to-end process of verifying the switch version, purchasing and installing an AVB license, and testing it between a Mac and AVB device (most likely various [[MOTU]] audio interfaces and the [[Avid S3L]]).<br />
<br />
=== Videos ===<br />
These are some videos I've produced.<br />
<br />
- HOWTO Do a Redundant Recording With the Avid S3L [YouTube](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uQ16HJhvmv0)<br />
- HOWTO Connect a MOTU AVB Device to the Avid S3L [YouTube](https://youtu.be/9bkhsHlYF_g)<br />
<br />
## Information<br />
<br />
### Random notes<br />
<br />
[[Notes:macOS|macOS]]<br />
<br />
[[1Password Application Passwords]] -- My personal mapping of application → app:// references I use so 1Password finds the right app.<br />
<br />
### Audio interfaces<br />
<br />
- [[:Category:MOTU|MOTU]]<br />
<br />
### Avid consoles<br />
<br />
- [[Avid S3L]] (including the S3L-X)<br />
- [[Avid S3L and macOS]]<br />
- [[Avid S6L]]<br />
<br />
### AVB<br />
<br />
OS Support<br />
- [[macOS AVB]]<br />
<br />
Routing<br />
- [[AVB Controller]]s<br />
<br />
Networking<br />
- [[AVB Switches]]<br />
- [[MOTU AVB Switch]]<br />
- [[Netgear GS724Tv4]]<br />
- [[PreSonus SW5E]]<br />
<br />
## Notes<br />
<br />
- [[Golang]] – The Go Programming Language<br />
<br />
## Interesting…<br />
<br />
Things I find interesting, but don't have the time look deeper.<br />
<br />
Audio<br />
- [Jünger CLASSIC LINE](https://www.junger-audio.com/en/products/classic-line)<br />
<br />
Economics<br />
- [Ludwig von Mises](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_von_Mises) was an Austrian School economist, historian, logician and sociologist. Mises wrote and lectured extensively on the societal contributions of classical liberalism. He is best known for his work on praxeology, a study of human choice and action.<br />
- [Bastiat's famous Candlestick makers' Petition](http://bastiat.org/en/petition.html) by Frédéric Bastiat<br />
- [Wall Street on Parade](https://wallstreetonparade.com/) -- A Citizen Guide to Wall Street<br />
- [George Gammon](https://www.youtube.com/c/GeorgeGammon/) [YouTube] –- Macro economics, money supply, and the US economy<br />
<br />
Gold<br />
- [In Gold We Trust](https://www.incrementum.li/en/journal/in-gold-we-trust/) -- Annual report on gold<br />
- [In Gold We Trust Report](https://ingoldwetrust.report/igwt/)<br />
<br />
Lightroom<br />
- [How to Properly Edit Fall Colors in Lightroom or Adobe Camera Raw](https://fstoppers.com/landscapes/how-properly-edit-fall-colors-lightroom-or-adobe-camera-raw-521845)<br />
<br />
## Site<br />
- [[Site:Guidelines|Guidelines]]</div>
Kward
https://wiki.forestent.com/index.php?title=Main_Page&diff=314
Main Page
2021-03-18T08:39:05Z
<p>Kward: </p>
<hr />
<div>**Welcome to the musings of k8 wiki**<br />
<br />
This wiki is a supporting site for http://blog.forestent.com/.<br />
<br />
## Projects<br />
<br />
Gathering practical information about the [[Avid S3L]] console, including using third-party [[AVB]] devices, and using the [[Avid Stage 16]] stage box as a stand-alone device.<br />
<br />
http://github.com/kward -- my Github projects<br />
<br />
## Blog articles<br />
<br />
These are draft blog articles that will eventually be published at https://blog.forestent.com/.<br />
<br />
- [[Blog:Netgear GST724Tv4 and AVB]] -- The full end-to-end process of verifying the switch version, purchasing and installing an AVB license, and testing it between a Mac and AVB device (most likely various [[MOTU]] audio interfaces and the [[Avid S3L]]).<br />
<br />
## Videos<br />
<br />
These are some videos I've produced.<br />
<br />
- HOWTO Do a Redundant Recording With the Avid S3L [YouTube](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uQ16HJhvmv0)<br />
- HOWTO Connect a MOTU AVB Device to the Avid S3L [YouTube](https://youtu.be/9bkhsHlYF_g)<br />
<br />
## Information<br />
<br />
### Random notes<br />
<br />
[[Notes:macOS|macOS]]<br />
<br />
[[1Password Application Passwords]] -- My personal mapping of application → app:// references I use so 1Password finds the right app.<br />
<br />
### Audio interfaces<br />
<br />
- [[:Category:MOTU|MOTU]]<br />
<br />
### Avid consoles<br />
<br />
- [[Avid S3L]] (including the S3L-X)<br />
- [[Avid S3L and macOS]]<br />
- [[Avid S6L]]<br />
<br />
### AVB<br />
<br />
OS Support<br />
- [[macOS AVB]]<br />
<br />
Routing<br />
- [[AVB Controller]]s<br />
<br />
Networking<br />
- [[AVB Switches]]<br />
- [[MOTU AVB Switch]]<br />
- [[Netgear GS724Tv4]]<br />
- [[PreSonus SW5E]]<br />
<br />
## Notes<br />
<br />
- [[Golang]] – The Go Programming Language<br />
<br />
## Interesting…<br />
<br />
Things I find interesting, but don't have the time look deeper.<br />
<br />
Audio<br />
- [Jünger CLASSIC LINE](https://www.junger-audio.com/en/products/classic-line)<br />
<br />
Economics<br />
- [Ludwig von Mises](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_von_Mises) was an Austrian School economist, historian, logician and sociologist. Mises wrote and lectured extensively on the societal contributions of classical liberalism. He is best known for his work on praxeology, a study of human choice and action.<br />
- [Bastiat's famous Candlestick makers' Petition](http://bastiat.org/en/petition.html) by Frédéric Bastiat<br />
- [Wall Street on Parade](https://wallstreetonparade.com/) -- A Citizen Guide to Wall Street<br />
- [George Gammon](https://www.youtube.com/c/GeorgeGammon/) [YouTube] –- Macro economics, money supply, and the US economy<br />
<br />
Gold<br />
- [In Gold We Trust](https://www.incrementum.li/en/journal/in-gold-we-trust/) -- Annual report on gold<br />
- [In Gold We Trust Report](https://ingoldwetrust.report/igwt/)<br />
<br />
Lightroom<br />
- [How to Properly Edit Fall Colors in Lightroom or Adobe Camera Raw](https://fstoppers.com/landscapes/how-properly-edit-fall-colors-lightroom-or-adobe-camera-raw-521845)<br />
<br />
## Site<br />
- [[Site:Guidelines|Guidelines]]</div>
Kward
https://wiki.forestent.com/index.php?title=AVB&diff=313
AVB
2021-03-17T23:25:43Z
<p>Kward: Added a bunch of links.</p>
<hr />
<div># AVB<br />
<br />
Audio Video Bridging (AVB) is a common name for the set of technical standards which provide improved synchronization, low-latency, and reliability for switched Ethernet networks.<br />
<br />
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Audio_Video_Bridging<br />
<br />
**Articles**<br />
<br />
- [Audio Video Bridging unter Linux](https://www.linux-magazin.de/ausgaben/2013/11/avb/) from Linux-Magazin [2013-11].<br />
<br />
**Resources**<br />
<br />
- [AVB Bandwidth Calculator](https://abc.statusbar.com/)<br />
- Paper on [Choosing AVB Stream Sizes](https://grouper.ieee.org/groups/1722/contributions/2015/Choosing%20AVB%20Stream%20Sizes.pdf) by Jeff Koftinoff [27 Apr 2015]<br />
- Talk slides on [Misc. 61883, 1394 and AVB info for tutorial, discussion, brainstorming, etc. for AVBTP working group.](https://grouper.ieee.org/groups/1722/contributions/2007/AVBTP_working_slides_v0_02_2007_02_07.pdf)<br />
- See slide #17 for info on the AM824 format.<br />
<br />
- Avnu Alliance: http://www.avnu.org<br />
- Avnu Alliance, “AVB for Automotive Use”: http://www.avnu.org/files/static_page_files/AADD34CC-1D09-3519-AD2D3D331F524CF6/AVnu%20Automotive__White%20Paper.pdf<br />
- IEEE 802.1AS, “Timing and Synchronization for Time (PTP)”: http://standards.ieee.org/findstds/standard/802.1AS-2011.html<br />
- IEEE 802.1Q-2011, Paragraph 35, “Stream Reservation Protocol (SRP)”: http://standards.ieee.org/findstds/standard/802.1Q-2011.html<br />
- IEEE 802.1ak, “Multiple Registration Protocol (MRP)”: http://standards.ieee.org/findstds/standard/802.1ak-2007.html<br />
- IEEE 802.1Q-2011, Paragraph 34, “Forwarding and Queueing Enhancements for Time-Sensitive Streams”: http://standards.ieee.org/findstds/standard/802.1Q-2011.html<br />
- IEEE 1722, “Layer 2 Transport Protocol for Time Sensitive Applications”: http://standards.ieee.org/findstds/standard/1722-2011.html<br />
- IEC 61883: http://www.iec-normen.de/suche/ergebnis/?produktsuche=IEC+61883<br />
- IEEE 1722.1, (AVDECC) D23v2, “Audio/Video Discovery, Enumeration, Configuration and Control”: http://standards.ieee.org/develop/project/1722.1.html<br />
- Riedel: http://www.riedel.net<br />
- Audinate: http://www.audinate.com<br />
- Uman http://umannet.de<br />
- XMOS: http://www.xmos.com<br />
- Labx Technologies: http://www.labxtechnologies.com<br />
- DSP4You: http://www.dsp4you.com<br />
- Marvell-Netzwerkkarten: http://www.marvell.com/pc-connectivity/<br />
- Open AVB: https://github.com/intel-ethernet/Open-AVB<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:AVB]]<br />
[[Category:Pro Audio]]<br />
[[Category:Pro Video]]<br />
[[Category:IEEE]]</div>
Kward
https://wiki.forestent.com/index.php?title=MOTU_Stage-B16&diff=312
MOTU Stage-B16
2021-03-17T23:21:10Z
<p>Kward: </p>
<hr />
<div>The [MOTU Stage-B16](https://motu.com/products/avb/stage-b16) is a 16-input stage box and audio interface with DSP, mixing, Wi-Fi control, and studio-quality analog performance.<br />
<br />
{{image|100%|https://cdn-data.motu.com/site/images/stage-b16/stage-b16-iso-left1.png}}<br />
<br />
<br />
# General info<br />
<br />
## Limitations<br />
<br />
The Stage-B16 AVB network connection is 100Mbit as this is all the bandwidth needed by the device. Unfortunately, this doesn't seem to play well with the [[Netgear GS724Tv4]] AVB switch as the 100Mbit and 1Gbit ports seem to receive different global master clocks, which prevents the device from working with other AVB devices.<br />
<br />
[[Category:MOTU]]<br />
[[Category:Pro Audio]]<br />
[[Category:AVB]]</div>
Kward
https://wiki.forestent.com/index.php?title=Main_Page&diff=311
Main Page
2021-03-17T23:16:46Z
<p>Kward: </p>
<hr />
<div>**Welcome to the musings of k8 wiki**<br />
<br />
This wiki is a supporting site for http://blog.forestent.com/.<br />
<br />
## Projects<br />
<br />
Gathering practical information about the [[Avid S3L]] console, including using third-party [[AVB]] devices, and using the [[Avid Stage 16]] stage box as a stand-alone device.<br />
<br />
http://github.com/kward -- my Github projects<br />
<br />
## Blog articles<br />
<br />
These are draft blog articles that will eventually be published at https://blog.forestent.com/.<br />
<br />
- [[Blog:Netgear GST724Tv4 and AVB]] -- The full end-to-end process of verifying the switch version, purchasing and installing an AVB license, and testing it between a Mac and AVB device (most likely various [[MOTU]] audio interfaces and the [[Avid S3L]]).<br />
<br />
## Information<br />
<br />
### Random notes<br />
<br />
[[Notes:macOS|macOS]]<br />
<br />
[[1Password Application Passwords]] -- My personal mapping of application → app:// references I use so 1Password finds the right app.<br />
<br />
### Audio interfaces<br />
<br />
- [[:Category:MOTU|MOTU]]<br />
<br />
### Avid consoles<br />
<br />
- [[Avid S3L]] (including the S3L-X)<br />
- [[Avid S3L and macOS]]<br />
- [[Avid S6L]]<br />
<br />
### AVB<br />
<br />
OS Support<br />
- [[macOS AVB]]<br />
<br />
Routing<br />
- [[AVB Controller]]s<br />
<br />
Networking<br />
- [[AVB Switches]]<br />
- [[MOTU AVB Switch]]<br />
- [[Netgear GS724Tv4]]<br />
- [[PreSonus SW5E]]<br />
<br />
## Notes<br />
<br />
- [[Golang]] – The Go Programming Language<br />
<br />
## Interesting…<br />
<br />
Things I find interesting, but don't have the time look deeper.<br />
<br />
Audio<br />
- [Jünger CLASSIC LINE](https://www.junger-audio.com/en/products/classic-line)<br />
<br />
Economics<br />
- [Ludwig von Mises](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_von_Mises) was an Austrian School economist, historian, logician and sociologist. Mises wrote and lectured extensively on the societal contributions of classical liberalism. He is best known for his work on praxeology, a study of human choice and action.<br />
- [Bastiat's famous Candlestick makers' Petition](http://bastiat.org/en/petition.html) by Frédéric Bastiat<br />
- [Wall Street on Parade](https://wallstreetonparade.com/) -- A Citizen Guide to Wall Street<br />
- [George Gammon](https://www.youtube.com/c/GeorgeGammon/) [YouTube] –- Macro economics, money supply, and the US economy<br />
<br />
Gold<br />
- [In Gold We Trust](https://www.incrementum.li/en/journal/in-gold-we-trust/) -- Annual report on gold<br />
- [In Gold We Trust Report](https://ingoldwetrust.report/igwt/)<br />
<br />
Lightroom<br />
- [How to Properly Edit Fall Colors in Lightroom or Adobe Camera Raw](https://fstoppers.com/landscapes/how-properly-edit-fall-colors-lightroom-or-adobe-camera-raw-521845)<br />
<br />
## Site<br />
- [[Site:Guidelines|Guidelines]]</div>
Kward
https://wiki.forestent.com/index.php?title=Main_Page&diff=309
Main Page
2021-03-17T23:15:29Z
<p>Kward: </p>
<hr />
<div>**Welcome to the musings of k8 wiki**<br />
<br />
This wiki is a supporting site for http://blog.forestent.com/.<br />
<br />
## Projects<br />
<br />
Gathering practical information about the [[Avid S3L]] console, including using third-party [[AVB]] devices, and using the [[Avid Stage 16]] stage box as a stand-alone device.<br />
<br />
http://github.com/kward -- my Github projects<br />
<br />
## Blog articles<br />
<br />
These are draft blog articles that will eventually be published at https://blog.forestent.com/.<br />
<br />
- [[Blog:Netgear GST724Tv4 and AVB]] -- The full end-to-end process of verifying the switch version, purchasing and installing an AVB license, and testing it between a Mac and AVB device (most likely various [[MOTU]] audio interfaces and the [[Avid S3L]]).<br />
<br />
## Information<br />
<br />
### Random notes<br />
<br />
[[Notes:macOS|macOS]]<br />
<br />
[[1Password Application Passwords]] -- My personal mapping of application → app:// references I use so 1Password finds the right app.<br />
<br />
### Audio interfaces<br />
<br />
- [[:Category:MOTU|MOTU]]<br />
- [[MOTU 16A]]<br />
- [[MOTU 24Ai]] and [[MOTU 24Ao]]<br />
- [[MOTU 828mk3 Hybrid]]<br />
- [[MOTU M64]]<br />
<br />
### Avid consoles<br />
<br />
- [[Avid S3L]] (including the S3L-X)<br />
- [[Avid S3L and macOS]]<br />
- [[Avid S6L]]<br />
<br />
### AVB<br />
<br />
OS Support<br />
- [[macOS AVB]]<br />
<br />
Routing<br />
- [[AVB Controller]]s<br />
<br />
Networking<br />
- [[AVB Switches]]<br />
- [[MOTU AVB Switch]]<br />
- [[Netgear GS724Tv4]]<br />
- [[PreSonus SW5E]]<br />
<br />
## Notes<br />
<br />
- [[Golang]] – The Go Programming Language<br />
<br />
## Interesting…<br />
<br />
Things I find interesting, but don't have the time look deeper.<br />
<br />
Audio<br />
- [Jünger CLASSIC LINE](https://www.junger-audio.com/en/products/classic-line)<br />
<br />
Economics<br />
- [Ludwig von Mises](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_von_Mises) was an Austrian School economist, historian, logician and sociologist. Mises wrote and lectured extensively on the societal contributions of classical liberalism. He is best known for his work on praxeology, a study of human choice and action.<br />
- [Bastiat's famous Candlestick makers' Petition](http://bastiat.org/en/petition.html) by Frédéric Bastiat<br />
- [Wall Street on Parade](https://wallstreetonparade.com/) -- A Citizen Guide to Wall Street<br />
- [George Gammon](https://www.youtube.com/c/GeorgeGammon/) [YouTube] –- Macro economics, money supply, and the US economy<br />
<br />
Gold<br />
- [In Gold We Trust](https://www.incrementum.li/en/journal/in-gold-we-trust/) -- Annual report on gold<br />
- [In Gold We Trust Report](https://ingoldwetrust.report/igwt/)<br />
<br />
Lightroom<br />
- [How to Properly Edit Fall Colors in Lightroom or Adobe Camera Raw](https://fstoppers.com/landscapes/how-properly-edit-fall-colors-lightroom-or-adobe-camera-raw-521845)<br />
<br />
## Site<br />
- [[Site:Guidelines|Guidelines]]</div>
Kward
https://wiki.forestent.com/index.php?title=MOTU_24Ai&diff=308
MOTU 24Ai
2021-03-17T23:13:16Z
<p>Kward: </p>
<hr />
<div><br />
<br />
[[Category:MOTU]]<br />
[[Category:AVB]]</div>
Kward
https://wiki.forestent.com/index.php?title=MOTU_16A&diff=307
MOTU 16A
2021-03-17T23:13:05Z
<p>Kward: </p>
<hr />
<div># I/O<br />
<br />
## Optical A/B<br />
<br />
- Optical A supports **both** the [ADAT][ADAT] and [TOSLink][TOSLink] formats.<br />
- Optical B supports **only** the [ADAT][ADAT] format.<br />
<br />
[ADAT]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ADAT<br />
[TOSLink]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TOSLINK<br />
<br />
# Pro Audio Control<br />
<br />
## Device tab<br />
<br />
If a device has a small padlock symbol next to it, that device is controlled by some other source, e.g. a Mac. Control must be released to edit the settings in PAC.<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:MOTU]]<br />
[[Category:AVB]]</div>
Kward
https://wiki.forestent.com/index.php?title=MOTU_16A&diff=306
MOTU 16A
2021-03-17T23:11:25Z
<p>Kward: </p>
<hr />
<div># I/O<br />
<br />
## Optical A/B<br />
<br />
- Optical A supports **both** the [ADAT][ADAT] and [TOSLink][TOSLink] formats.<br />
- Optical B supports **only** the [ADAT][ADAT] format.<br />
<br />
[ADAT]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ADAT<br />
[TOSLink]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TOSLINK<br />
<br />
# Pro Audio Control<br />
<br />
## Device tab<br />
<br />
If a device has a small padlock symbol next to it, that device is controlled by some other source, e.g. a Mac. Control must be released to edit the settings in PAC.<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:MOTU]]<br />
[[Category:16A]]</div>
Kward
https://wiki.forestent.com/index.php?title=Avid_S3_Console&diff=305
Avid S3 Console
2021-01-17T21:16:27Z
<p>Kward: Created page with " # Cookbook ## Test mode https://avid.secure.force.com/pkb/articles/en_US/how_to/S3-Utility-Test-Mode Category:Avid Category:S3L Category:Pro Audio"</p>
<hr />
<div><br />
# Cookbook<br />
<br />
## Test mode<br />
https://avid.secure.force.com/pkb/articles/en_US/how_to/S3-Utility-Test-Mode<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Avid]]<br />
[[Category:S3L]]<br />
[[Category:Pro Audio]]</div>
Kward
https://wiki.forestent.com/index.php?title=Avid_S3L&diff=304
Avid S3L
2021-01-17T21:15:30Z
<p>Kward: </p>
<hr />
<div>The Avid S3L console (including the updated [[Avid S3L-X]] version) is an amazing digital console. Anyone who has used an older [Avid](https://avid.com/) console (e.g., the [[Avid D-Show]] or [[Avid Profile]]) will be right at home with the [[Avid VENUE]] software interface, meaning they can jump straight to crafting their mix.<br />
<br />
## Background<br />
<br />
**This site focuses on non-standard solutions to problems that many S3L users are curious about.** Information abounds on the internets for how to use the console for normal situations. Google is your friend for finding it.<br />
<br />
**None of the information on this site is endorsed or supported by Avid.** Do not contact Avid about anything you have read here!<br />
<br />
## Information<br />
<br />
Information and solutions provided:<br />
<br />
**Avid S3L** (including the S3L-X)<br />
<br />
- [[Avid S3L:3P AVB]] – Configuring the S3L to work with third-party (3P) AVB devices (e.g., the [[MOTU Stage-B16]]).<br />
- [[AVB Switches]] – Tested AVB capable Ethernet switches.<br />
- [[Avid S3L iLok]] – Running the [[iLok]] License Manager on the Windows desktop.<br />
<br />
Avid provided<br />
<br />
- [VENUE S3L-X System Guide](https://cdn-www.avid.com/-/media/avid/files/products-pdf/venue-s3l-x/venue-s3lx-system-guide.pdf)<br />
<br />
**Avid E3 Engine**<br />
<br />
- [[Avid E3 Engine]]<br />
- [[Avid E3 Engine Internals]] -- Information about the internals of the E3 Engine (e.g., the multiple embedded Linux devices).<br />
<br />
**Avid Stage 16**<br />
<br />
- [[Avid Stage 16]]<br />
- [[Avid Stage 16 Internals]] – Information about the internals of the stage box (e.g., the embedded Linux AVB server).<br />
- [[Avid Stage 16 Standalone]] – Configuring the Stage 16 stage box to work as a stand-alone device (e.g., directly accessible from macOS, or attached via [[AVB]] to a [[MOTU Stage-B16]] without the [[Avid E3 Engine]])<br />
<br />
**Avid S3 Console**<br />
<br />
- [[Avid S3 Console]]<br />
<br />
## Security<br />
<br />
The security model of the Avid S3L console was never designed for it to be attached directly to an open, unprotected internet connection. If you decide to connect the device to a network that connects to internet, **please ensure that connection is secured with a firewall**!!<br />
<br />
The embedded Windows 8.1 installation has few open ports, but the multiple embedded Linux devices in the [[Avid E3 Engine]], [[Avid Stage 16]] stage box, as well as the [[Avid S3 Console]] all have some open ports with practically zero protections in place.<br />
<br />
Ideally, the Avid S3L would only be connected to an isolated network with devices dedicated only to the task at hand, with no other devices.<br />
<br />
[[Category:Avid]]<br />
[[Category:S3L]]<br />
[[Category:Pro Audio]]</div>
Kward
https://wiki.forestent.com/index.php?title=Avid_S3L&diff=303
Avid S3L
2021-01-16T13:18:07Z
<p>Kward: </p>
<hr />
<div>The Avid S3L console (including the updated [[Avid S3L-X]] version) is an amazing digital console. Anyone who has used an older [Avid](https://avid.com/) console (e.g., the [[Avid D-Show]] or [[Avid Profile]]) will be right at home with the [[Avid VENUE]] software interface, meaning they can jump straight to crafting their mix.<br />
<br />
## Background<br />
<br />
**This site focuses on non-standard solutions to problems that many S3L users are curious about.** Information abounds on the internets for how to use the console for normal situations. Google is your friend for finding it.<br />
<br />
**None of the information on this site is endorsed or supported by Avid.** Do not contact Avid about anything you have read here!<br />
<br />
## Information<br />
<br />
Information and solutions provided:<br />
<br />
**Avid S3L** (including the S3L-X)<br />
<br />
- [[Avid S3L:3P AVB]] – Configuring the S3L to work with third-party (3P) AVB devices (e.g., the [[MOTU Stage-B16]]).<br />
- [[AVB Switches]] – Tested AVB capable Ethernet switches.<br />
- [[Avid S3L iLok]] – Running the [[iLok]] License Manager on the Windows desktop.<br />
<br />
Avid provided<br />
<br />
- [VENUE S3L-X System Guide](https://cdn-www.avid.com/-/media/avid/files/products-pdf/venue-s3l-x/venue-s3lx-system-guide.pdf)<br />
<br />
**Avid E3 Engine**<br />
<br />
- [[Avid E3 Engine]]<br />
- [[Avid E3 Engine Internals]] -- Information about the internals of the E3 Engine (e.g., the multiple embedded Linux devices).<br />
<br />
**Avid Stage 16**<br />
<br />
- [[Avid Stage 16]]<br />
- [[Avid Stage 16 Internals]] – Information about the internals of the stage box (e.g., the embedded Linux AVB server).<br />
- [[Avid Stage 16 Standalone]] – Configuring the Stage 16 stage box to work as a stand-alone device (e.g., directly accessible from macOS, or attached via [[AVB]] to a [[MOTU Stage-B16]] without the [[Avid E3 Engine]])<br />
<br />
## Security<br />
<br />
The security model of the Avid S3L console was never designed for it to be attached directly to an open, unprotected internet connection. If you decide to connect the device to a network that connects to internet, **please ensure that connection is secured with a firewall**!!<br />
<br />
The embedded Windows 8.1 installation has few open ports, but the multiple embedded Linux devices in the [[Avid E3 Engine]], [[Avid Stage 16]] stage box, as well as the [[Avid S3 Console]] all have some open ports with practically zero protections in place.<br />
<br />
Ideally, the Avid S3L would only be connected to an isolated network with devices dedicated only to the task at hand, with no other devices.<br />
<br />
[[Category:Avid]]<br />
[[Category:S3L]]<br />
[[Category:Pro Audio]]</div>
Kward
https://wiki.forestent.com/index.php?title=Avid_E3_Engine&diff=302
Avid E3 Engine
2021-01-16T13:14:59Z
<p>Kward: </p>
<hr />
<div>This page will someday hold more information about the Avid E3 Engine.<br />
<br />
For now, the following might be of interest.<br />
- [[Avid E3 Engine Internals]]<br />
- [[macOS:avbutil]]<br />
<br />
# Info<br />
<br />
## Hardware<br />
<br />
**RAM** – The S3L-X comes with 2048 MB of DDR3 1066 RAM.<br />
<br />
**HDD** – According to [pictures I've found](https://avid.secure.force.com/pkb/articles/en_US/troubleshooting/PXE-E61-Media-test-failure-error), the internal drive is the [Hitachi HTE723225A7A364](https://www.hdsentinel.com/storageinfo_details.php?lang=en&model=HITACHI%20HTE723225A7A364), which is a 2.5", 250 GB, 7200 RPM, SATA-2 drive.<br />
<br />
# Cookbook<br />
<br />
## BIOS<br />
To access the BIOS on the E3 Engine, do the following:<br />
- Turn on power using the power switch on the E3 Engine.<br />
- Immediately start taping the "delete" key on the attached USB keyboard.<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Avid]]<br />
[[Category:E3 Engine]]<br />
[[Category:Pro Audio]]</div>
Kward
https://wiki.forestent.com/index.php?title=AVB&diff=301
AVB
2021-01-07T15:10:40Z
<p>Kward: </p>
<hr />
<div># AVB<br />
<br />
Audio Video Bridging (AVB) is a common name for the set of technical standards which provide improved synchronization, low-latency, and reliability for switched Ethernet networks.<br />
<br />
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Audio_Video_Bridging<br />
<br />
Resources<br />
- [AVB Bandwidth Calculator](https://abc.statusbar.com/)<br />
- Paper on [Choosing AVB Stream Sizes](https://grouper.ieee.org/groups/1722/contributions/2015/Choosing%20AVB%20Stream%20Sizes.pdf) by Jeff Koftinoff [27 Apr 2015]<br />
- Talk slides on [Misc. 61883, 1394 and AVB info for tutorial, discussion, brainstorming, etc. for AVBTP working group.](https://grouper.ieee.org/groups/1722/contributions/2007/AVBTP_working_slides_v0_02_2007_02_07.pdf)<br />
- See slide #17 for info on the AM824 format.<br />
<br />
[[Category:Pro Audio]]<br />
[[Category:Pro Video]]<br />
[[Category:IEEE]]</div>
Kward
https://wiki.forestent.com/index.php?title=AVB&diff=300
AVB
2021-01-07T15:07:15Z
<p>Kward: </p>
<hr />
<div># AVB<br />
<br />
Audio Video Bridging (AVB) is a common name for the set of technical standards which provide improved synchronization, low-latency, and reliability for switched Ethernet networks.<br />
<br />
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Audio_Video_Bridging<br />
<br />
Resources<br />
- [AVB Bandwidth Calculator](https://abc.statusbar.com/)<br />
- Paper on [Choosing AVB Stream Sizes](https://grouper.ieee.org/groups/1722/contributions/2015/Choosing%20AVB%20Stream%20Sizes.pdf) by Jeff Koftinoff [27 Apr 2015]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Pro Audio]]<br />
[[Category:Pro Video]]<br />
[[Category:IEEE]]</div>
Kward
https://wiki.forestent.com/index.php?title=Avid_S3L_and_macOS&diff=299
Avid S3L and macOS
2020-12-23T17:00:23Z
<p>Kward: </p>
<hr />
<div>_Information about using [[Avid S3L]] console with [[macOS]] via [[AVB]]._<br />
<br />
## Working combinations<br />
<br />
Unfortunately, not all versions of macOS play well with the S3L. Most are OK, but some releases break aspects of the AVB protocol, which results either in timing issues (which manifest as clicking in recording and/or playback), or no functionality whatsoever.<br />
<br />
Below is a table of combinations that I have personally tested.<br />
<br />
| macOS | Mac | Pro Tools | Console | Works | Notes |<br />
| --------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------- | --------- | --------------- | --------- | --------------------------------------------- |<br />
| Big Sur 11.1 | Mac Pro (Late 2013) | 2020.11.0 | S3L-X (4.6.1.4) | **Yes** | |<br />
| Big Sur 11.0.1 | MacBook Pro (13-inch, 2020, Four Thunderbolt 3 Ports) | 2020.11.0 | S6L (6.3) | **Yes** | |<br />
| Catalina (all versions) | Mac Pro (Late 2013) | | S3L-X (4.6.1.4) | **Yes** | Minimal testing. |<br />
| Mojave 10.14.0-10.14.3 | MacBook Pro (Retina, 15-inch, Mid-2015) | 2018.12.0 | S3L-X (4.6.1.4) | **Yes** | |<br />
| High Sierra 10.13.4-10.13.6 | MacBook Pro (Retina, 15-inch, Mid-2015) | | S3L-X (4.6.1.4) | Partially | Recording: Yes / Playback: No (timing issues) |<br />
| Sierra (10.12.6) | Mac mini (Late 2012) | 2020.12.0 | S3L-X (4.6.1.4) | **Yes** | |<br />
| Sierra (all versions) | MacBook Pro (Retina, 15-inch, Mid-2015) | | S3L-X (4.6.1.4) | **Yes** | |<br />
<br />
## AVB switch testing<br />
<br />
### Ports A/B<br />
<br />
I haven't yet started any testing with these ports.<br />
<br />
### Port C<br />
<br />
Below is a matrix of AVB switch combinations, and whether they work. All combinations are tested with the switch connected to Port C of the S3L, and the Mac connected to the switch.<br />
<br />
| macOS | Console | [[MOTU AVB Switch]] | [[Netgear GS724Tv4]] | [[PreSonus SW5E]] |<br />
| ------------ | ---------------- | ------------------- | -------------------- | ------------------------- |<br />
| Big Sur 11.1 | S3L-X (4.6.1.4 ) | | **Yes** (6.3.1.19) | **Yes** (1.2.0.16705) |<br />
| Big Sur 11.1 | S3L-X (4.6.1.4 ) | | | No (1.0.0.15447) – clicky |</div>
Kward
https://wiki.forestent.com/index.php?title=Avbutil&diff=298
Avbutil
2020-12-23T13:42:58Z
<p>Kward: </p>
<hr />
<div>`avbutil` is used for the management of [[AVB]] features and settings. It enables control of AVB entities using the [[AVDECC]] (IEEE 1722.1) protocol.<br />
<br />
Typically, the [[Audio MIDI Setup]] application is enough for most users to manage their audio interfaces, including routing audio to/from an AVB audio interface. For those users needing more control over the AVB routing, or for those users who are simply curious about the deeper workings of AVB on macOS, the `avbutil` command is for them.<br />
<br />
The `avbutil` command is included in [[macOS]] since [[macOS Sierra]], which was the first macOS release supporting AVB. Coincidentally, it was also the first macOS release that supported [[Thunderbolt]], which happens to be a corresponding requirement for supporting AVB on Mac hardware.<br />
<br />
<br />
## AVDECC Entity Controller<br />
<br />
The AVDECC Entity Controller window is used to see the available AVB devices on the network, and to see (and in some cases alter) their active configurations.<br />
<br />
{{Tip|The controller window is started by opening [[Terminal]], and calling the `avbutil` command.}}<br />
<br />
Direct method<br />
<br />
```<br />
$ avbutil --controller launch<br />
```<br />
<br />
Indirect method<br />
<br />
```<br />
$ avbutil<br />
avbutil 900.12<br />
<br />
avbutil> controller<br />
```<br />
<br />
Once started, a window will appear that lists all the available AVB devices on the network. Here you can see three different [[MOTU]] audio interfaces that are currently connected.<br />
<br />
[[Image:AVDECC_Entity_Controller.png|955px|alt=AVDECC Entity Controller]]<br />
<br />
<br />
## AVB Audio Entity Configuration<br />
<br />
The AVB Audio Entity Configuration window shows the active configuration of an AVB audio entity.<br />
<br />
{{Tip|The configuration window is opened by selecting Audio Entity Configuration from the Window menu, or by typing Cmnd-1.}}<br />
<br />
[[Image:AVB_Audio_Entity_Configuration.png|450px|alt=AVB Audio Entity Configuration]]<br />
<br />
Entities can be selected by clicking on their names. In the image above, the MOTU 16A is currently selected. By default, no entities are selected.<br />
<br />
<br />
## Simple Virtual Audio Entity Configuration<br />
<br />
The Simple Virtual Audio Entity Configuration window allows the AVB capable Ethernet interfaces of the system to become active AVB entities on the network.<br />
<br />
Once enabled, audio can be routed to/from the Mac as though it were an audio interface. This makes it possible for two Mac computers to exchange audio with one another over the network, and for one Mac to remotely manage the AVB connections of another mac using the AVDECC Entity Controller.<br />
<br />
{{Tip|The configuration window is opened by selecting Simple Virtual Audio Entity Configuration from the Window menu, or by typing Cmnd-2.}}<br />
<br />
[[Image:Simple_Virtual_Audio_Entity_Configuration.png|450px|alt=Simple Virtual Audio Entity Configuration]]<br />
<br />
<br />
## AVDECC Connection Matrix<br />
<br />
The AVDECC Connection Matrix window shows what AVB streams are patched where. This tool is used to patch [[AVB Talker]]s and [[AVB Listener]]s with each other.<br />
<br />
{{Tip|The matrix window is opened by selecting AVDECC Connection Matrix from the Window menu, or by typing Cmnd-4.}}<br />
<br />
Talkers are listed across the top, and Listeners across the left.<br />
<br />
[[Image:AVDECC_Connection_Matrix.png|600px|alt=AVDECC Connection Matrix]]<br />
<br />
In the image above, one can see that the Stream 1 and 2 outputs of the [[MOTU 24Ai]] device are patched to the Stream 1 and 2 inputs of both the [[MOTU 16A]] and [[MOTU 24Ao]] devices. This means that both the 16A and 24Ao devices will receive exactly the same signals. (To note, MOTU AVB streams are 8 channels wide, so this example demonstrates the routing 16 channels of audio.)<br />
<br />
The settings demonstrated can also be achieved using the [[MOTU Pro Audio Control]] user interface. Any changes made in the MOTU UI will also be reflected in real-time on the connection matrix UI.<br />
<br />
<br />
## Appendix<br />
### Known avbutil versions<br />
<br />
OS | Version | .0 | .1 | .2 | .3 | .4 | .5 | .6 | .7 |<br />
----------------- | ------- | ------ | ------ | ------ | -- | ----- | -- | ----- | ----- |<br />
macOS Big Sur | 11.0 | 900.12 | 900.12 | | | | | | |<br />
macOS Catalina | 10.15 | | | 800.17 | | | | | 850.1 |<br />
macOS Mojave | 10.14 | | | | | 740.1 | | 760.6 | |<br />
macOS High Sierra | 10.13 | | | | | | | | |<br />
macOS Sierra | 10.12 | | | | | | | 506.1 | |<br />
<br />
(*) v740.1 needs to be verified.<br />
<br />
### Alternative AVDECC Controllers<br />
<br />
[L-Acoustics](https://www.l-acoustics.com/) provide a set of open source libraries for controlling AVB entities using the [[AVDECC]] protocol that is compliant with the [[Milan]] specifications of the [[Avnu Alliance]]. The libraries are available at https://github.com/L-Acoustics/avdecc.<br />
<br />
[Pivitec](http://www.pivitec.com/) once produced AVB hardware that interfaced with the [[Avid S3L]] console. They provided their own AVDECC Controller to manage the hardware. It is still possible to download their [AVDECC Controller](http://www.pivitec.com/avdecc-controller/), although it has not been updated since mid-2015.<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:macOS]]<br />
[[Category:AVB]]</div>
Kward
https://wiki.forestent.com/index.php?title=Avbutil&diff=297
Avbutil
2020-12-23T13:24:06Z
<p>Kward: </p>
<hr />
<div>`avbutil` is used for the management of [[AVB]] features and settings. It enables control of AVB entities using the [[AVDECC]] (IEEE 1722.1) protocol.<br />
<br />
Typically, the [[Audio MIDI Setup]] application is enough for most users to manage their audio interfaces, including routing audio to/from an AVB audio interface. For those users needing more control over the AVB routing, or for those users who are simply curious about the deeper workings of AVB on macOS, the `avbutil` command is for them.<br />
<br />
The `avbutil` command is included in [[macOS]] since [[macOS Sierra]], which was the first macOS release supporting AVB. Coincidentally, it was also the first macOS release that supported [[Thunderbolt]], which happens to be a corresponding requirement for supporting AVB on Mac hardware.<br />
<br />
<br />
## AVDECC Entity Controller<br />
<br />
The AVDECC Entity Controller window is used to see the available AVB devices on the network, and to see (and in some cases alter) their active configurations.<br />
<br />
{{Tip|The controller window is started by opening [[Terminal]], and calling the `avbutil` command.}}<br />
<br />
```<br />
$ avbutil<br />
avbutil 900.12<br />
<br />
avbutil> controller<br />
```<br />
<br />
Once started, a window will appear that lists all the available AVB devices on the network. Here you can see three different [[MOTU]] audio interfaces that are currently connected.<br />
<br />
[[Image:AVDECC_Entity_Controller.png|955px|alt=AVDECC Entity Controller]]<br />
<br />
<br />
## AVB Audio Entity Configuration<br />
<br />
The AVB Audio Entity Configuration window shows the active configuration of an AVB audio entity.<br />
<br />
{{Tip|The configuration window is opened by selecting Audio Entity Configuration from the Window menu, or by typing Cmnd-1.}}<br />
<br />
[[Image:AVB_Audio_Entity_Configuration.png|450px|alt=AVB Audio Entity Configuration]]<br />
<br />
Entities can be selected by clicking on their names. In the image above, the MOTU 16A is currently selected. By default, no entities are selected.<br />
<br />
<br />
## Simple Virtual Audio Entity Configuration<br />
<br />
The Simple Virtual Audio Entity Configuration window allows the AVB capable Ethernet interfaces of the system to become active AVB entities on the network.<br />
<br />
Once enabled, audio can be routed to/from the Mac as though it were an audio interface. This makes it possible for two Mac computers to exchange audio with one another over the network, and for one Mac to remotely manage the AVB connections of another mac using the AVDECC Entity Controller.<br />
<br />
{{Tip|The configuration window is opened by selecting Simple Virtual Audio Entity Configuration from the Window menu, or by typing Cmnd-2.}}<br />
<br />
[[Image:Simple_Virtual_Audio_Entity_Configuration.png|450px|alt=Simple Virtual Audio Entity Configuration]]<br />
<br />
<br />
## AVDECC Connection Matrix<br />
<br />
The AVDECC Connection Matrix window shows what AVB streams are patched where. This tool is used to patch [[AVB Talker]]s and [[AVB Listener]]s with each other.<br />
<br />
{{Tip|The matrix window is opened by selecting AVDECC Connection Matrix from the Window menu, or by typing Cmnd-4.}}<br />
<br />
Talkers are listed across the top, and Listeners across the left.<br />
<br />
[[Image:AVDECC_Connection_Matrix.png|600px|alt=AVDECC Connection Matrix]]<br />
<br />
In the image above, one can see that the Stream 1 and 2 outputs of the [[MOTU 24Ai]] device are patched to the Stream 1 and 2 inputs of both the [[MOTU 16A]] and [[MOTU 24Ao]] devices. This means that both the 16A and 24Ao devices will receive exactly the same signals. (To note, MOTU AVB streams are 8 channels wide, so this example demonstrates the routing 16 channels of audio.)<br />
<br />
The settings demonstrated can also be achieved using the [[MOTU Pro Audio Control]] user interface. Any changes made in the MOTU UI will also be reflected in real-time on the connection matrix UI.<br />
<br />
<br />
## Appendix<br />
### Known avbutil versions<br />
<br />
OS | Version | .0 | .1 | .2 | .3 | .4 | .5 | .6 | .7 |<br />
----------------- | ------- | ------ | ------ | ------ | -- | ----- | -- | ----- | ----- |<br />
macOS Big Sur | 11.0 | 900.12 | 900.12 | | | | | | |<br />
macOS Catalina | 10.15 | | | 800.17 | | | | | 850.1 |<br />
macOS Mojave | 10.14 | | | | | 740.1 | | 760.6 | |<br />
macOS High Sierra | 10.13 | | | | | | | | |<br />
macOS Sierra | 10.12 | | | | | | | 506.1 | |<br />
<br />
(*) v740.1 needs to be verified.<br />
<br />
### Alternative AVDECC Controllers<br />
<br />
[L-Acoustics](https://www.l-acoustics.com/) provide a set of open source libraries for controlling AVB entities using the [[AVDECC]] protocol that is compliant with the [[Milan]] specifications of the [[Avnu Alliance]]. The libraries are available at https://github.com/L-Acoustics/avdecc.<br />
<br />
[Pivitec](http://www.pivitec.com/) once produced AVB hardware that interfaced with the [[Avid S3L]] console. They provided their own AVDECC Controller to manage the hardware. It is still possible to download their [AVDECC Controller](http://www.pivitec.com/avdecc-controller/), although it has not been updated since mid-2015.<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:macOS]]<br />
[[Category:AVB]]</div>
Kward
https://wiki.forestent.com/index.php?title=Avbutil&diff=296
Avbutil
2020-12-23T13:23:38Z
<p>Kward: </p>
<hr />
<div>`avbutil` is used for the management of [[AVB]] features and settings. It enables control of AVB entities using the [[AVDECC]] (IEEE 1722.1) protocol.<br />
<br />
Typically, the [[Audio MIDI Setup]] application is enough for most users to manage their audio interfaces, including routing audio to/from an AVB audio interface. For those users needing more control over the AVB routing, or for those users who are simply curious about the deeper workings of AVB on macOS, the `avbutil` command is for them.<br />
<br />
The `avbutil` command is included in [[macOS]] since [[macOS Sierra]], which was the first macOS release supporting AVB. Coincidentally, it was also the first macOS release that supported [[Thunderbolt]], which happens to be a corresponding requirement for supporting AVB on Mac hardware.<br />
<br />
<br />
## AVDECC Entity Controller<br />
<br />
The AVDECC Entity Controller window is used to see the available AVB devices on the network, and to see (and in some cases alter) their active configurations.<br />
<br />
{{Tip|The controller window is started by opening [[Terminal]], and calling the `avbutil` command.}}<br />
<br />
```<br />
$ avbutil<br />
avbutil 900.12<br />
<br />
avbutil> controller<br />
```<br />
<br />
Once started, a window will appear that lists all the available AVB devices on the network. Here you can see three different [[MOTU]] audio interfaces that are currently connected.<br />
<br />
[[Image:AVDECC_Entity_Controller.png|955px|alt=AVDECC Entity Controller]]<br />
<br />
<br />
## AVB Audio Entity Configuration<br />
<br />
The AVB Audio Entity Configuration window shows the active configuration of an AVB audio entity.<br />
<br />
{{Tip|The configuration window is opened by selecting Audio Entity Configuration from the Window menu, or by typing Cmnd-1.}}<br />
<br />
[[Image:AVB_Audio_Entity_Configuration.png|450px|alt=AVB Audio Entity Configuration]]<br />
<br />
Entities can be selected by clicking on their names. In the image above, the MOTU 16A is currently selected. By default, no entities are selected.<br />
<br />
<br />
## Simple Virtual Audio Entity Configuration<br />
<br />
The Simple Virtual Audio Entity Configuration window allows the AVB capable Ethernet interfaces of the system to become active AVB entities on the network.<br />
<br />
Once enabled, audio can be routed to/from the Mac as though it were an audio interface. This makes it possible for two Mac computers to exchange audio with one another over the network, and for one Mac to remotely manage the AVB connections of another mac using the AVDECC Entity Controller.<br />
<br />
{{Tip|The configuration window is opened by selecting Simple Virtual Audio Entity Configuration from the Window menu, or by typing Cmnd-2.}}<br />
<br />
[[Image:Simple_Virtual_Audio_Entity_Configuration.png|450px|alt=Simple Virtual Audio Entity Configuration]]<br />
<br />
<br />
## AVDECC Connection Matrix<br />
<br />
The AVDECC Connection Matrix window shows what AVB streams are patched where. This tool is used to patch [[AVB Talker]]s and [[AVB Listener]]s with each other.<br />
<br />
{{Tip|The matrix window is opened by selecting AVDECC Connection Matrix from the Window menu, or by typing Cmnd-4.}}<br />
<br />
Talkers are listed across the top, and Listeners across the left.<br />
<br />
[[Image:AVDECC_Connection_Matrix.png|600px|alt=AVDECC Connection Matrix]]<br />
<br />
In the image above, one can see that the Stream 1 and 2 outputs of the [[MOTU 24Ai]] device are patched to the Stream 1 and 2 inputs of both the [[MOTU 16A]] and [[MOTU 24Ao]] devices. This means that both the 16A and 24Ao devices will receive exactly the same signals. (To note, MOTU AVB streams are 8 channels wide, so this example demonstrates the routing 16 channels of audio.)<br />
<br />
The settings demonstrated can also be achieved using the [[MOTU Pro Audio Control]] user interface. Any changes made in the MOTU UI will also be reflected in real-time on the connection matrix UI.<br />
<br />
<br />
## Appendix<br />
### Known avbutil versions<br />
<br />
OS | Version | .0 | .1 | .2 | .3 | .4 | .5 | .6 | .7 |<br />
----------------- | ------- | ------ | ------ | ------ | -- | ----- | -- | ----- | ----- |<br />
macOS Big Sur | 11.0.1-11.1 | 900.12 | 900.12 | | | | | | |<br />
macOS Catalina | 10.15 | | | 800.17 | | | | | 850.1 |<br />
macOS Mojave | 10.14 | | | | | 740.1 | | 760.6 | |<br />
macOS High Sierra | 10.13 | | | | | | | | |<br />
macOS Sierra | 10.12 | | | | | | | 506.1 | |<br />
<br />
(*) v740.1 needs to be verified.<br />
<br />
### Alternative AVDECC Controllers<br />
<br />
[L-Acoustics](https://www.l-acoustics.com/) provide a set of open source libraries for controlling AVB entities using the [[AVDECC]] protocol that is compliant with the [[Milan]] specifications of the [[Avnu Alliance]]. The libraries are available at https://github.com/L-Acoustics/avdecc.<br />
<br />
[Pivitec](http://www.pivitec.com/) once produced AVB hardware that interfaced with the [[Avid S3L]] console. They provided their own AVDECC Controller to manage the hardware. It is still possible to download their [AVDECC Controller](http://www.pivitec.com/avdecc-controller/), although it has not been updated since mid-2015.<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:macOS]]<br />
[[Category:AVB]]</div>
Kward
https://wiki.forestent.com/index.php?title=Avid_S3L_and_macOS&diff=295
Avid S3L and macOS
2020-12-23T09:58:45Z
<p>Kward: </p>
<hr />
<div>_Information about using [[Avid S3L]] console with [[macOS]] via [[AVB]]._<br />
<br />
## Working combinations<br />
<br />
Unfortunately, not all versions of macOS play well with the S3L. Most are OK, but some releases break aspects of the AVB protocol, which results either in timing issues (which manifest as clicking in recording and/or playback), or no functionality whatsoever.<br />
<br />
Below is a table of combinations that I have personally tested.<br />
<br />
| Date | Console | Mac | macOS | Pro Tools | Works Direct | Notes |<br />
| ---------- | ------------- | ----------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------- | --------- | ------------ | -------------------------- |<br />
| 2020-12-23 | S3L-X 4.6.1.4 | Mac Pro (Late 2013) | macOS Big Sur 11.1 (20C69) | 2020.11.0 | **Yes** | |<br />
| 2020-11-22 | S6L 6.3 | MacBook Pro (13-inch, 2020, Four Thunderbolt 3 Ports) | macOS Big Sur 11.0.1 | 2020.11.0 | **Yes** | |<br />
| 2019-03-03 | S3L-X 4.6.1.4 | MacBook Pro (Retina, 15-inch, Mid-2015) | macOS Mojave 10.14.3 | | **Yes** | |<br />
| 2018-09-29 | S3L-X 4.6.1.4 | MacBook Pro (Retina, 15-inch, Mid-2015) | macOS Mojave 10.14.0 | | **Yes** | |<br />
| 2018-07-28 | S3L-X 4.6.1.4 | MacBook Pro (Retina, 15-inch, Mid-2015) | macOS High Sierra 10.13.6 | | No | Timing issues on playback. |<br />
| 2018-06-05 | S3L-X 4.6.1.4 | MacBook Pro (Retina, 15-inch, Mid-2015) | macOS High Sierra 10.13.5 | | No | Timing issues on playback. |<br />
| 2018-03-31 | S3L-X 4.6.1.4 | MacBook Pro (Retina, 15-inch, Mid-2015) | macOS High Sierra 10.13.4 | | No | Timing issues on playback. |<br />
| | S3L-X 4.6.1.4 | MacBook Pro (Retina, 15-inch, Mid-2015) | macOS Sierra (all versions) | | **Yes** | |<br />
<br />
## AVB switch testing<br />
<br />
### Ports A/B<br />
<br />
I haven't yet started any testing with these ports.<br />
<br />
### Port C<br />
<br />
Below is a matrix of AVB switch combinations, and whether they work. All combinations are tested with the switch connected to Port C of the S3L, and the Mac connected to the switch.<br />
<br />
| Console | macOS | [[MOTU AVB Switch]] | [[Netgear GS724Tv4]] (6.3.1.19) | [[PreSonus SW5E]] |<br />
| ------------- | ------------------ | ------------------- | ------------------------------- | ------------------------- |<br />
| S3L-X 4.6.1.4 | macOS Big Sur 11.1 | | | (1.2.0.16705) **Yes** |<br />
| S3L-X 4.6.1.4 | macOS Big Sur 11.1 | | | (1.0.0.15447) No (clicky) |</div>
Kward
https://wiki.forestent.com/index.php?title=PreSonus_SW5E&diff=294
PreSonus SW5E
2020-12-23T09:44:49Z
<p>Kward: </p>
<hr />
<div># PreSonus SW5E<br />
<br />
The [PreSonus SW5E](https://www.presonus.com/products/sw5e) is a 5-port AVB Ethernet switch with PoE support.<br />
<br />
[[File:Presonus-sw5e-front_thumbnail.png|alt=PreSonus SW5E front]]<br />
[[File:Presonus-sw5e-back_thumbnail.png|alt=PreSonus SW5E back]]<br />
<br />
## Properties<br />
<br />
- The device is surprisingly heavy given its size, and it feels very solid.<br />
- It has cooling fins on the back, most likely for heat dissipation when PoE is used, but under normal non-PoE operation it hardly gets warm at all.<br />
- Each of the five ports support [Ethercon](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EtherCON) connections, making them much safer for a pro audio environment.<br />
- The device comes with four small adhesive rubber feet that can be attached if the user so desires.<br />
<br />
<br />
## Firmware<br />
https://www.presonus.com/learn/technical-articles/Updating-Your-Sw5e-Switch-Firmware<br />
<br />
[[Category:PreSonus]]<br />
[[Category:SW5E]]<br />
[[Category:Pro Audio]]<br />
[[Category:AVB]]</div>
Kward
https://wiki.forestent.com/index.php?title=Avid_S3L_and_macOS&diff=293
Avid S3L and macOS
2020-12-23T09:44:00Z
<p>Kward: </p>
<hr />
<div>_Information about using [[Avid S3L]] console with [[macOS]] via [[AVB]]._<br />
<br />
## Working combinations<br />
<br />
Unfortunately, not all versions of macOS play well with the S3L. Most are OK, but some releases break aspects of the AVB protocol, which results either in timing issues (which manifest as clicking in recording and/or playback), or no functionality whatsoever.<br />
<br />
Below is a table of combinations that I have personally tested.<br />
<br />
| Date | Console | Mac | macOS | Pro Tools | Works Direct | Notes |<br />
| ---------- | ------------- | ----------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------- | --------- | ------------ | -------------------------- |<br />
| 2020-12-23 | S3L-X 4.6.1.4 | Mac Pro (Late 2013) | macOS Big Sur 11.1 (20C69) | 2020.11.0 | **Yes** | |<br />
| 2020-11-22 | S6L 6.3 | MacBook Pro (13-inch, 2020, Four Thunderbolt 3 Ports) | macOS Big Sur 11.0.1 | 2020.11.0 | **Yes** | |<br />
| 2019-03-03 | S3L-X 4.6.1.4 | MacBook Pro (Retina, 15-inch, Mid-2015) | macOS Mojave 10.14.3 | | **Yes** | |<br />
| 2018-09-29 | S3L-X 4.6.1.4 | MacBook Pro (Retina, 15-inch, Mid-2015) | macOS Mojave 10.14.0 | | **Yes** | |<br />
| 2018-07-28 | S3L-X 4.6.1.4 | MacBook Pro (Retina, 15-inch, Mid-2015) | macOS High Sierra 10.13.6 | | No | Timing issues on playback. |<br />
| 2018-06-05 | S3L-X 4.6.1.4 | MacBook Pro (Retina, 15-inch, Mid-2015) | macOS High Sierra 10.13.5 | | No | Timing issues on playback. |<br />
| 2018-03-31 | S3L-X 4.6.1.4 | MacBook Pro (Retina, 15-inch, Mid-2015) | macOS High Sierra 10.13.4 | | No | Timing issues on playback. |<br />
| | S3L-X 4.6.1.4 | MacBook Pro (Retina, 15-inch, Mid-2015) | macOS Sierra (all versions) | | **Yes** | |<br />
<br />
## AVB switch testing<br />
<br />
### Ports A/B<br />
<br />
I haven't yet started any testing with these ports.<br />
<br />
### Port C<br />
<br />
Below is a matrix of AVB switch combinations, and whether they work. All combinations are tested with the switch connected to Port C of the S3L, and the Mac connected to the switch.<br />
<br />
| Console | macOS | [[MOTU AVB Switch]] | [[Netgear GS724Tv4]] (6.3.1.19) | [[PreSonus SW5E]] (1.0.0.15447) |<br />
| ------------- | ------------------ | ------------------- | ------------------------------- | ------------------------------- |<br />
| S3L-X 4.6.1.4 | macOS Big Sur 11.1 | | | No (clicky) |</div>
Kward
https://wiki.forestent.com/index.php?title=Avid_S3L_and_macOS&diff=292
Avid S3L and macOS
2020-12-23T09:34:49Z
<p>Kward: </p>
<hr />
<div>_Information about using [[Avid S3L]] console with [[macOS]] via [[AVB]]._<br />
<br />
## Working combinations<br />
<br />
Unfortunately, not all versions of macOS play well with the S3L. Most are OK, but some releases break aspects of the AVB protocol, which results either in timing issues (which manifest as clicking in recording and/or playback), or no functionality whatsoever.<br />
<br />
Below is a table of combinations that I have personally tested.<br />
<br />
| Date | Console | Mac | macOS | Pro Tools | Works Direct | Notes |<br />
| ---------- | ------------- | ----------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------- | --------- | ------------ | -------------------------- |<br />
| 2020-12-23 | S3L-X 4.6.1.4 | Mac Pro (Late 2013) | macOS Big Sur 11.1 (20C69) | 2020.11.0 | **Yes** | |<br />
| 2020-11-22 | S6L 6.3 | MacBook Pro (13-inch, 2020, Four Thunderbolt 3 Ports) | macOS Big Sur 11.0.1 | 2020.11.0 | **Yes** | |<br />
| 2019-03-03 | S3L-X 4.6.1.4 | MacBook Pro (Retina, 15-inch, Mid-2015) | macOS Mojave 10.14.3 | | **Yes** | |<br />
| 2018-09-29 | S3L-X 4.6.1.4 | MacBook Pro (Retina, 15-inch, Mid-2015) | macOS Mojave 10.14.0 | | **Yes** | |<br />
| 2018-07-28 | S3L-X 4.6.1.4 | MacBook Pro (Retina, 15-inch, Mid-2015) | macOS High Sierra 10.13.6 | | No | Timing issues on playback. |<br />
| 2018-06-05 | S3L-X 4.6.1.4 | MacBook Pro (Retina, 15-inch, Mid-2015) | macOS High Sierra 10.13.5 | | No | Timing issues on playback. |<br />
| 2018-03-31 | S3L-X 4.6.1.4 | MacBook Pro (Retina, 15-inch, Mid-2015) | macOS High Sierra 10.13.4 | | No | Timing issues on playback. |<br />
| | S3L-X 4.6.1.4 | MacBook Pro (Retina, 15-inch, Mid-2015) | macOS Sierra (all versions) | | **Yes** | |<br />
<br />
## AVB switch testing<br />
<br />
### Ports A/B<br />
<br />
I haven't yet started any testing with these ports.<br />
<br />
### Port C<br />
<br />
Below is a matrix of AVB switch combinations, and whether they work. All combinations are tested with the switch connected to Port C of the S3L, and the Mac connected to the switch.<br />
<br />
| Console | macOS | [[MOTU AVB Switch]] | [[Netgear GS724Tv4]] | [[PreSonus SW5E]] |<br />
| ------------- | ------------------ | ------------------- | -------------------- | ----------------- |<br />
| S3L-X 4.6.1.4 | macOS Big Sur 11.1 | | | No (clicky) |</div>
Kward
https://wiki.forestent.com/index.php?title=Avbutil&diff=291
Avbutil
2020-12-20T14:12:18Z
<p>Kward: </p>
<hr />
<div>`avbutil` is used for the management of [[AVB]] features and settings. It enables control of AVB entities using the [[AVDECC]] (IEEE 1722.1) protocol.<br />
<br />
Typically, the [[Audio MIDI Setup]] application is enough for most users to manage their audio interfaces, including routing audio to/from an AVB audio interface. For those users needing more control over the AVB routing, or for those users who are simply curious about the deeper workings of AVB on macOS, the `avbutil` command is for them.<br />
<br />
The `avbutil` command is included in [[macOS]] since [[macOS Sierra]], which was the first macOS release supporting AVB. Coincidentally, it was also the first macOS release that supported [[Thunderbolt]], which happens to be a corresponding requirement for supporting AVB on Mac hardware.<br />
<br />
<br />
## AVDECC Entity Controller<br />
<br />
The AVDECC Entity Controller window is used to see the available AVB devices on the network, and to see (and in some cases alter) their active configurations.<br />
<br />
{{Tip|The controller window is started by opening [[Terminal]], and calling the `avbutil` command.}}<br />
<br />
```<br />
$ avbutil<br />
avbutil 900.12<br />
<br />
avbutil> controller<br />
```<br />
<br />
Once started, a window will appear that lists all the available AVB devices on the network. Here you can see three different [[MOTU]] audio interfaces that are currently connected.<br />
<br />
[[Image:AVDECC_Entity_Controller.png|955px|alt=AVDECC Entity Controller]]<br />
<br />
<br />
## AVB Audio Entity Configuration<br />
<br />
The AVB Audio Entity Configuration window shows the active configuration of an AVB audio entity.<br />
<br />
{{Tip|The configuration window is opened by selecting Audio Entity Configuration from the Window menu, or by typing Cmnd-1.}}<br />
<br />
[[Image:AVB_Audio_Entity_Configuration.png|450px|alt=AVB Audio Entity Configuration]]<br />
<br />
Entities can be selected by clicking on their names. In the image above, the MOTU 16A is currently selected. By default, no entities are selected.<br />
<br />
<br />
## Simple Virtual Audio Entity Configuration<br />
<br />
The Simple Virtual Audio Entity Configuration window allows the AVB capable Ethernet interfaces of the system to become active AVB entities on the network.<br />
<br />
Once enabled, audio can be routed to/from the Mac as though it were an audio interface. This makes it possible for two Mac computers to exchange audio with one another over the network, and for one Mac to remotely manage the AVB connections of another mac using the AVDECC Entity Controller.<br />
<br />
{{Tip|The configuration window is opened by selecting Simple Virtual Audio Entity Configuration from the Window menu, or by typing Cmnd-2.}}<br />
<br />
[[Image:Simple_Virtual_Audio_Entity_Configuration.png|450px|alt=Simple Virtual Audio Entity Configuration]]<br />
<br />
<br />
## AVDECC Connection Matrix<br />
<br />
The AVDECC Connection Matrix window shows what AVB streams are patched where. This tool is used to patch [[AVB Talker]]s and [[AVB Listener]]s with each other.<br />
<br />
{{Tip|The matrix window is opened by selecting AVDECC Connection Matrix from the Window menu, or by typing Cmnd-4.}}<br />
<br />
Talkers are listed across the top, and Listeners across the left.<br />
<br />
[[Image:AVDECC_Connection_Matrix.png|600px|alt=AVDECC Connection Matrix]]<br />
<br />
In the image above, one can see that the Stream 1 and 2 outputs of the [[MOTU 24Ai]] device are patched to the Stream 1 and 2 inputs of both the [[MOTU 16A]] and [[MOTU 24Ao]] devices. This means that both the 16A and 24Ao devices will receive exactly the same signals. (To note, MOTU AVB streams are 8 channels wide, so this example demonstrates the routing 16 channels of audio.)<br />
<br />
The settings demonstrated can also be achieved using the [[MOTU Pro Audio Control]] user interface. Any changes made in the MOTU UI will also be reflected in real-time on the connection matrix UI.<br />
<br />
<br />
## Appendix<br />
### Known avbutil versions<br />
<br />
OS | Version | .0 | .1 | .2 | .3 | .4 | .5 | .6 | .7 |<br />
----------------- | ------- | ------ | ------ | ------ | -- | ----- | -- | ----- | ----- |<br />
macOS Big Sur | 11.0 | 900.12 | 900.12 | | | | | | |<br />
macOS Catalina | 10.15 | | | 800.17 | | | | | 850.1 |<br />
macOS Mojave | 10.14 | | | | | 740.1 | | 760.6 | |<br />
macOS High Sierra | 10.13 | | | | | | | | |<br />
macOS Sierra | 10.12 | | | | | | | 506.1 | |<br />
<br />
(*) v740.1 needs to be verified.<br />
<br />
### Alternative AVDECC Controllers<br />
<br />
[L-Acoustics](https://www.l-acoustics.com/) provide a set of open source libraries for controlling AVB entities using the [[AVDECC]] protocol that is compliant with the [[Milan]] specifications of the [[Avnu Alliance]]. The libraries are available at https://github.com/L-Acoustics/avdecc.<br />
<br />
[Pivitec](http://www.pivitec.com/) once produced AVB hardware that interfaced with the [[Avid S3L]] console. They provided their own AVDECC Controller to manage the hardware. It is still possible to download their [AVDECC Controller](http://www.pivitec.com/avdecc-controller/), although it has not been updated since mid-2015.<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:macOS]]<br />
[[Category:AVB]]</div>
Kward
https://wiki.forestent.com/index.php?title=Avbutil&diff=290
Avbutil
2020-12-20T13:52:49Z
<p>Kward: </p>
<hr />
<div>`avbutil` is used for the management of [[AVB]] features and settings. It enables control of AVB entities using the [[AVDECC]] (IEEE 1722.1) protocol.<br />
<br />
Typically, the [[Audio MIDI Setup]] application is enough for most users to manage their audio interfaces, including routing audio to/from an AVB audio interface. For those users needing more control over the AVB routing, or for those users who are simply curious about the deeper workings of AVB on macOS, the `avbutil` command is for them.<br />
<br />
The `avbutil` command is included in [[macOS]] since [[macOS Sierra]], which was the first macOS release supporting AVB. Coincidentally, it was also the first macOS release that supported [[Thunderbolt]], which happens to be a corresponding requirement for supporting AVB on Mac hardware.<br />
<br />
<br />
## AVDECC Entity Controller<br />
<br />
The AVDECC Entity Controller window is used to see the available AVB devices on the network, and to see (and in some cases alter) their active configurations.<br />
<br />
{{Tip|The controller window is started by opening [[Terminal]], and calling the `avbutil` command.}}<br />
<br />
```<br />
$ avbutil<br />
avbutil 900.12<br />
<br />
avbutil> controller<br />
```<br />
<br />
Once started, a window will appear that lists all the available AVB devices on the network. Here you can see three different [[MOTU]] audio interfaces that are currently connected.<br />
<br />
[[Image:AVDECC_Entity_Controller.png|955px|alt=AVDECC Entity Controller]]<br />
<br />
<br />
## AVB Audio Entity Configuration<br />
<br />
The AVB Audio Entity Configuration window shows the active configuration of an AVB audio entity.<br />
<br />
{{Tip|The configuration window is opened by selecting Audio Entity Configuration from the Window menu, or by typing Cmnd-1.}}<br />
<br />
[[Image:AVB_Audio_Entity_Configuration.png|450px|alt=AVB Audio Entity Configuration]]<br />
<br />
Entities can be selected by clicking on their names. In the image above, the MOTU 16A is currently selected. By default, no entities are selected.<br />
<br />
<br />
## Simple Virtual Audio Entity Configuration<br />
<br />
The Simple Virtual Audio Entity Configuration window allows the AVB capable Ethernet interfaces of the system to become active AVB entities on the network.<br />
<br />
Once enabled, audio can be routed to/from the Mac as though it were an audio interface. This makes it possible for two Mac computers to exchange audio with one another over the network, and for one Mac to remotely manage the AVB connections of another mac using the AVDECC Entity Controller.<br />
<br />
{{Tip|The configuration window is opened by selecting Simple Virtual Audio Entity Configuration from the Window menu, or by typing Cmnd-2.}}<br />
<br />
[[Image:Simple_Virtual_Audio_Entity_Configuration.png|450px|alt=Simple Virtual Audio Entity Configuration]]<br />
<br />
<br />
## AVDECC Connection Matrix<br />
<br />
The AVDECC Connection Matrix window shows what AVB streams are patched where. This tool is used to patch [[AVB Talker]]s and [[AVB Listener]]s with each other.<br />
<br />
{{Tip|The matrix window is opened by selecting AVDECC Connection Matrix from the Window menu, or by typing Cmnd-4.}}<br />
<br />
Talkers are listed across the top, and Listeners across the left.<br />
<br />
[[Image:AVDECC_Connection_Matrix.png|600px|alt=AVDECC Connection Matrix]]<br />
<br />
In the image above, one can see that the Stream 1 and 2 outputs of the [[MOTU 24Ai]] device are patched to the Stream 1 and 2 inputs of both the [[MOTU 16A]] and [[MOTU 24Ao]] devices. This means that both the 16A and 24Ao devices will receive exactly the same signals. (To note, MOTU AVB streams are 8 channels wide, so this example demonstrates the routing 16 channels of audio.)<br />
<br />
The settings demonstrated can also be achieved using the [[MOTU Pro Audio Control]] user interface. Any changes made in the MOTU UI will also be reflected in real-time on the connection matrix UI.<br />
<br />
<br />
## Appendix<br />
### Known avbutil versions<br />
<br />
OS | Version | .0 | .1 | .2 | .3 | .4 | .5 | .6 | .7<br />
----------------- | ------- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | --<br />
macOS Big Sur | 11.0 | 900.12 | 900.12<br />
macOS Catalina | 10.15 | | | 800.17 | | | | | 850.1<br />
macOS Mojave | 10.14 | | | | | (740.1) | | 760.6<br />
macOS High Sierra | 10.13<br />
macOS Sierra | 10.12 | | | | | | | 506.1<br />
<br />
(*) v740.1 needs to be verified.<br />
<br />
### Alternative AVDECC Controllers<br />
<br />
[L-Acoustics](https://www.l-acoustics.com/) provide a set of open source libraries for controlling AVB entities using the [[AVDECC]] protocol that is compliant with the [[Milan]] specifications of the [[Avnu Alliance]]. The libraries are available at https://github.com/L-Acoustics/avdecc.<br />
<br />
[Pivitec](http://www.pivitec.com/) once produced AVB hardware that interfaced with the [[Avid S3L]] console. They provided their own AVDECC Controller to manage the hardware. It is still possible to download their [AVDECC Controller](http://www.pivitec.com/avdecc-controller/), although it has not been updated since mid-2015.<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:macOS]]<br />
[[Category:AVB]]</div>
Kward
https://wiki.forestent.com/index.php?title=Avid_S3L_iLok&diff=289
Avid S3L iLok
2020-12-19T14:55:04Z
<p>Kward: </p>
<hr />
<div>The [[Avid S3L]] has multiple USB slots, including an internal slot specifically designed to hold the supplied [[iLok]] USB dongle for licenses. See the [S3L System Guide](http://akmedia.digidesign.com/support/docs/S3L_System_Guide_80099.pdf) (PDF) for more information.<br />
<br />
## Internal iLok<br />
<br />
To manage an internally installed iLok, it is possible to install the PACE [iLok License Manager](https://www.ilok.com/#!license-manager) on the Windows desktop of the S3L so that the licenses can be managed without removing the iLok.<br />
<br />
The S3L is old enough that the latest versions of the License Manger unfortunately will not work. The last known working version is 3.1.7.1901.<br />
<br />
Below is a table of tested License Manager versions, and whether they work with the S3L.<br />
<br />
| Version | Works? | Info / MD5 |<br />
| ------------------------- | --------- | --- |<br />
| 5.0.0 | No | The PACE driver is too new. |<br />
| [3.1.7.1901][v3_1_7] (\*) | Yes | 83803f7f5dd233a9c7198526c7b5675d |<br />
| [2.4.8][v2_4_8] | No | The PACE driver is too old. |<br />
<br />
[v3_1_7]: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1t6-YiwzNjuAINI0eulejUSwb7Jsoyk6G/view?usp=sharing<br />
[v2_4_8]: https://installers.ilok.com/iloklicensemanager/legacy/2_4/LicenseSupportInstallerWin64_v2_4_8_r37293.zip<br />
<br />
**(\*)** A direct link to the 3.1.7.1901 installer is no longer available from https://www.ilok.com/#!resource/legacy, so I've uploaded a copy that I have to Google Drive and provided the MD5 sum of the file. If you are able to find an official copy of the installer, please use that instead and kindly send me a link so I can update the link.<br />
<br />
_(If you work for iLok, could you provide an official link to the 3.1.7.1901 version as it is the last one that worked with the S3L with the updated PACE driver provided by Avid.)_<br />
<br />
## Notes<br />
<br />
If the License Manager crashes when signing in, connect a second iLok that was recently synced with the iLok servers to another USB port. Try running the License Manager and signing in again, with both iLok dongles attached. This seems to mitigate (but not fix) the crashing issue.<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Avid]]<br />
[[Category:S3L]]<br />
[[Category:iLok]]</div>
Kward
https://wiki.forestent.com/index.php?title=Avid_S3L_iLok&diff=288
Avid S3L iLok
2020-12-19T14:51:33Z
<p>Kward: </p>
<hr />
<div>The [[Avid S3L]] has multiple USB slots, including an internal slot specifically designed to hold the supplied [[iLok]] USB dongle for licenses. (See the [S3L System Guide](http://akmedia.digidesign.com/support/docs/S3L_System_Guide_80099.pdf) (PDF) for more information.<br />
<br />
## Internal iLok<br />
<br />
To manage an internally installed iLok, it is possible to install the PACE [iLok License Manager](https://www.ilok.com/#!license-manager) on the Windows desktop of the S3L so that the licenses can be managed without removing the iLok.<br />
<br />
The S3L is old enough that the latest versions of the License Manger unfortunately will not work. The last known working version is 3.1.7.1901.<br />
<br />
Below is a table of tested License Manager versions, and whether they work with the S3L.<br />
<br />
| Version | Works? | Info / MD5 |<br />
| ------------------------- | --------- | --- |<br />
| 5.0.0 | No | The PACE driver is too new. |<br />
| [3.1.7.1901][v3_1_7] (\*) | Yes | 83803f7f5dd233a9c7198526c7b5675d |<br />
| [2.4.8][v2_4_8] | No | The PACE driver is too old. |<br />
<br />
[v3_1_7]: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1t6-YiwzNjuAINI0eulejUSwb7Jsoyk6G/view?usp=sharing<br />
[v2_4_8]: https://installers.ilok.com/iloklicensemanager/legacy/2_4/LicenseSupportInstallerWin64_v2_4_8_r37293.zip<br />
<br />
**(\*)** A direct link to the 3.1.7.1901 installer is no longer available from https://www.ilok.com/#!resource/legacy, so I've uploaded a copy that I have to Google Drive and provided the MD5 sum of the file. If you are able to find an official copy of the installer, please use that instead and kindly send me a link so I can update the link.<br />
<br />
_(If you work for iLok, could you provide an official link to the 3.1.7.1901 version as it is the last one that worked with the S3L with the updated PACE driver provided by Avid.)_<br />
<br />
## Notes<br />
<br />
If the License Manager crashes when signing in, connect a second iLok that was recently synced with the iLok servers to another USB port. Try running the License Manager and signing in again, with both iLok dongles attached. This seems to mitigate (but not fix) the crashing issue.<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Avid]]<br />
[[Category:S3L]]<br />
[[Category:iLok]]</div>
Kward
https://wiki.forestent.com/index.php?title=Avid_S3L_iLok&diff=287
Avid S3L iLok
2020-12-19T14:43:21Z
<p>Kward: </p>
<hr />
<div>The [[Avid S3L]] has multiple USB slots, including an internal slot specifically designed to hold the supplied [[iLok]] USB dongle for licenses. (See the [S3L System Guide](http://akmedia.digidesign.com/support/docs/S3L_System_Guide_80099.pdf) (PDF) for more information.<br />
<br />
## Internal iLok<br />
<br />
To manage an internally installed iLok, it is possible to install the PACE [iLok License Manager](https://www.ilok.com/#!license-manager) on the Windows desktop of the S3L so that the licenses can be managed without removing the iLok.<br />
<br />
The S3L is old enough that the latest versions of the License Manger unfortunately will not work. The last known working version is 3.1.7.1901.<br />
<br />
Below is a table of tested License Manager versions, and whether they work with the S3L.<br />
<br />
| Version | Works? | Info / MD5 |<br />
| ------------------------- | --------- | --- |<br />
| 5.0.0 | No | The PACE driver is too new. |<br />
| [3.1.7.1901][v3_1_7] (\*) | Yes | 83803f7f5dd233a9c7198526c7b5675d |<br />
| [2.4.8][v2_4_8] | No | The PACE driver is too old. |<br />
<br />
[v3_1_7]: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1t6-YiwzNjuAINI0eulejUSwb7Jsoyk6G/view?usp=sharing<br />
[v2_4_8]: https://installers.ilok.com/iloklicensemanager/legacy/2_4/LicenseSupportInstallerWin64_v2_4_8_r37293.zip<br />
<br />
**(\*)** A direct link to the 3.1.7.1901 installer is no longer available from https://www.ilok.com/#!resource/legacy, so I've uploaded a copy that I have to Google Drive and provided the MD5 sum of the file. If you are able to find an official copy of the installer, please use that instead and kindly send me a link so I can update the link.<br />
<br />
_(If you work for iLok, could you provide an official link to the 3.1.7.1901 version as it is the last one that worked with the S3L with the updated PACE driver provided by Avid.)_<br />
<br />
## Notes<br />
<br />
If the License Manager crashes when signing in, connect a second iLok that was recently synced with the iLok servers to another USB port. Try running the License Manager and signing in again, with both iLok dongles attached. This seems to fix the crashing issue.<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Avid]]<br />
[[Category:S3L]]<br />
[[Category:iLok]]</div>
Kward
https://wiki.forestent.com/index.php?title=Avid_S3L_iLok&diff=286
Avid S3L iLok
2020-12-19T14:26:48Z
<p>Kward: </p>
<hr />
<div>The [[Avid S3L]] has multiple USB slots, including an internal slot specifically designed to hold the supplied [[iLok]] USB dongle for licenses. (See the [S3L System Guide](http://akmedia.digidesign.com/support/docs/S3L_System_Guide_80099.pdf) (PDF) for more information.<br />
<br />
To manage an internally installed iLok, it used to be possible to install the PACE [iLok License Manager](https://www.ilok.com/#!license-manager) on the Windows desktop so that the licenses can be managed without removing the iLok. Unfortunately this is no longer possible.<br />
<br />
Today, The S3L is old enough that the latest versions of the License Manger will not work, and the versions that used to work crash and won't sign in anymore. C'est la vie.<br />
<br />
Below is a table of tested License Manager versions, and whether they [used to] work with the S3L.<br />
<br />
| Version | Works? | URL |<br />
| -----------| --------- | --- |<br />
| 5.0.0 | No | |<br />
| 3.1.7.1901 | Yes | |<br />
| 2.4.8 | | https://installers.ilok.com/iloklicensemanager/legacy/2_4/LicenseSupportInstallerWin64_v2_4_8_r37293.zip |<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Avid]]<br />
[[Category:S3L]]<br />
[[Category:iLok]]</div>
Kward
https://wiki.forestent.com/index.php?title=Avid_E3_Engine_Internals&diff=285
Avid E3 Engine Internals
2020-12-19T13:59:52Z
<p>Kward: </p>
<hr />
<div>## Overview<br />
<br />
The [[Avid E3 Engine]] contains a daughter board, the Diamond Platform controller (see [[Avid Diamond Platform]]) running Linux that bridges the physical audio connections of the E3 engine with the [[AVB]] protocol stack.<br />
<br />
It also contains a second daughter board, the Feroceon-KW controller (see [[Avid Feroceon-KW]]) running Linux that enables the Ethernet switching functionality of the AVB ports (ports A, B, and C). It also provides an [[EUCON]] proxy for connecting to the [[Avid S3 Console]].<br />
<br />
The fourth Ethernet port is controlled by Windows.<br />
<br />
This is a rough block diagram based on my current understanding from my digging.<br />
<br />
[[File:Avid_E3_Engine_Block.png]]<br />
<br />
<br />
## Credits<br />
<br />
Many thanks to Karl Noon (audio@noon.ruhr), who is the person who supplied me with just enough info that I was able to find my way into the internals of the [[Avid S3L]].<br />
<br />
Avid [ex]-employees I've tracked down<br />
- Jeff Koftinoff (http://www.linkedin.com/in/jdkoftinoff/) – Senior Networking Software Engineer at Apple and IEEE Technical Editor; member of AES<br />
- Jessie Forgues (https://www.linkedin.com/in/jesseforgues/) – Senior Engineer at Gibson. Previously a Principal Engineer of the Avid S3L system.<br />
- Rob Silfvast (https://www.linkedin.com/in/robsilfvast/) – Hardware and Systems Engineering at Apple; developer of many parts of the Avid S3L AVB internals<br />
<br />
<br />
## Machine<br />
<br />
Info<br />
; OS : Windows Embedded 8<br />
; Processor : Intel(R) Celeron(R) CPU -- P4500 @ 1.87GHz<br />
; Installed memory (RAM) : 2.00 GB (1.87 GB usable)<br />
; System type : 64-bit Operating System, x64-based processor<br />
<br />
Device Manger<br />
- Dongles<br />
- iLok -- Provider: PACE Anti-Piracy, Inc. Date: 4/11/2013 Version: 6.1.1.0<br />
- Human Interface Devices<br />
- Avid Virtual Keyboard Device -- Provider: Avid, Date: 8/21/2014 Version: 4.5.0.507<br />
- Avid Virtual Mouse Device -- Provider: Avid, Date: 8/21/2014 Version: 4.5.0.507<br />
- Network adapters<br />
- Intel(R) 82574L Gigabit Network Connection -- Provider: Intel Date: 8/26/2013 Version: 12.10.13.0<br />
- Intel(R) 82577LM Gigabit Network Connection -- Provider: Intel Date: 6/19/2013 Version: 12.7.27.0<br />
- Sound, video and game controllers<br />
- Bonanza-On-Berlin -- Provider: Avid Date: 2/6/2018 Version: 4.6.1.4<br />
<br />
## TODOs<br />
- Research stuff in `C:\Program Files\Digidesign\D-Show`<br />
- `BonanzaUnitImage.bin`<br />
- `BonanzaZirconUnitImage.bin`<br />
- `BuckyballFPGA_d803.bin`<br />
- `CarbonLogsCollector` -- Check the `eucon_FTP_get_script.bat` batch script in here for interesting `dns-sd` stuff…<br />
- `KirkwoodUnitImage.bin`<br />
- `portwellx64.sys` -- related to https://portwell.eu/ ??cat <br />
- `TophatFPGA_d200.bin`<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Avid]]<br />
[[Category:S3L]]</div>
Kward
https://wiki.forestent.com/index.php?title=Avid_S3L_iLok&diff=284
Avid S3L iLok
2020-12-19T13:39:15Z
<p>Kward: </p>
<hr />
<div>The [[Avid S3L]] has multiple USB slots, including an internal slot specifically designed to hold the supplied [[iLok]] USB dongle for licenses. (See the [S3L System Guide](http://akmedia.digidesign.com/support/docs/S3L_System_Guide_80099.pdf) (PDF) for more information.<br />
<br />
To manage an internally installed iLok, it is possible to install the PACE [iLok License Manager](https://www.ilok.com/#!license-manager) on the Windows desktop so that the licenses can be managed without removing the iLok. The S3L is old enough that the latest versions of the License Manger will not work. Below is a table of tested License Manager versions, and whether they work with the S3L.<br />
<br />
| Version | Works? | URL |<br />
| -------------- | --------- | --- |<br />
| 5.0.0 | No | |<br />
| 3.1.7 (r37900) | Partially (starts, but cannot sign in) | |<br />
| 2.4.8 | | https://installers.ilok.com/iloklicensemanager/legacy/2_4/LicenseSupportInstallerWin64_v2_4_8_r37293.zip |<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Avid]]<br />
[[Category:S3L]]<br />
[[Category:iLok]]</div>
Kward
https://wiki.forestent.com/index.php?title=Avid_S3L_iLok&diff=283
Avid S3L iLok
2020-12-19T13:38:59Z
<p>Kward: Created page with "The Avid S3L has multiple USB slots, including an internal slot specifically designed to hold the supplied iLok USB dongle for licenses. (See the [S3L System Guide](ht..."</p>
<hr />
<div>The [[Avid S3L]] has multiple USB slots, including an internal slot specifically designed to hold the supplied [[iLok]] USB dongle for licenses. (See the [S3L System Guide](http://akmedia.digidesign.com/support/docs/S3L_System_Guide_80099.pdf) (PDF) for more information.<br />
<br />
To manage an internally installed iLok, it is possible to install the PACE [iLok License Manager](https://www.ilok.com/#!license-manager) on the Windows desktop so that the licenses can be managed without removing the iLok. The S3L is old enough that the latest versions of the License Manger will not work. Below is a table of tested License Manager versions, and whether they work with the S3L.<br />
<br />
| Version | Works? | URL |<br />
| -------------- | --------- | --- |<br />
| 5.0.0 | No | |<br />
| 3.1.7 (r37900) | Partially (starts, but cannot sign in) | <br />
| 2.4.8 | | https://installers.ilok.com/iloklicensemanager/legacy/2_4/LicenseSupportInstallerWin64_v2_4_8_r37293.zip |<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Avid]]<br />
[[Category:S3L]]<br />
[[Category:iLok]]</div>
Kward
https://wiki.forestent.com/index.php?title=Avid_S3L&diff=282
Avid S3L
2020-12-19T13:09:54Z
<p>Kward: </p>
<hr />
<div>The Avid S3L console (including the updated [[Avid S3L-X]] version) is an amazing digital console. Anyone who has used an older [Avid](https://avid.com/) console (e.g., the [[Avid D-Show]] or [[Avid Profile]]) will be right at home with the [[Avid VENUE]] software interface, meaning they can jump straight to crafting their mix.<br />
<br />
## Background<br />
<br />
**This site focuses on non-standard solutions to problems that many S3L users are curious about.** Information abounds on the internets for how to use the console for normal situations. Google is your friend for finding it.<br />
<br />
**None of the information on this site is endorsed or supported by Avid.** Do not contact Avid about anything you have read here!<br />
<br />
## Information<br />
<br />
Information and solutions provided:<br />
<br />
**Avid S3L**<br />
<br />
- [[Avid S3L:3P AVB]] – Configuring the S3L to work with third-party (3P) AVB devices (e.g., the [[MOTU Stage-B16]]).<br />
- [[AVB Switches]] – Tested AVB capable Ethernet switches.<br />
- [[Avid S3L iLok]] – Running the [[iLok]] License Manager on the Windows desktop.<br />
<br />
**Avid E3 Engine**<br />
<br />
- [[Avid E3 Engine]]<br />
- [[Avid E3 Engine Internals]] -- Information about the internals of the E3 Engine (e.g., the multiple embedded Linux devices).<br />
<br />
**Avid Stage 16**<br />
<br />
- [[Avid Stage 16]]<br />
- [[Avid Stage 16 Internals]] – Information about the internals of the stage box (e.g., the embedded Linux AVB server).<br />
- [[Avid Stage 16 Standalone]] – Configuring the Stage 16 stage box to work as a stand-alone device (e.g., directly accessible from macOS, or attached via [[AVB]] to a [[MOTU Stage-B16]] without the [[Avid E3 Engine]])<br />
<br />
## Security<br />
<br />
The security model of the Avid S3L console was never designed for it to be attached directly to an open, unprotected internet connection. If you decide to connect the device to a network that connects to internet, **please ensure that connection is secured with a firewall**!!<br />
<br />
The embedded Windows 8.1 installation has few open ports, but the multiple embedded Linux devices in the [[Avid E3 Engine]], [[Avid Stage 16]] stage box, as well as the [[Avid S3 Console]] all have some open ports with practically zero protections in place.<br />
<br />
Ideally, the Avid S3L would only be connected to an isolated network with devices dedicated only to the task at hand, with no other devices.<br />
<br />
[[Category:Avid]]<br />
[[Category:S3L]]<br />
[[Category:Pro Audio]]</div>
Kward
https://wiki.forestent.com/index.php?title=MacOS_AVB&diff=240
MacOS AVB
2020-12-12T16:55:46Z
<p>Kward: </p>
<hr />
<div># Supported macOS versions<br />
<br />
[[AVB]] is supported on all Mac hardware that includes Thunderbolt ports. The first macOS release supporting Thunderbolt, and thereby AVB, was OS X Yosemite in 2014.<br />
<br />
| OS | Release | Notes |<br />
| ----------------- | ------- | ----- |<br />
| macOS Big Sur | 11.0+ | Clocking issues at 48kHz. |<br />
| macOS Catalina | 10.15.x | |<br />
| macOS Mojave | 10.14.x | |<br />
| macOS High Sierra | 10.13.x | All releases have serious AVB clocking issues that. This release is **highly discouraged**. |<br />
| macOS Sierra | 10.12.x | |<br />
| OS X El Capitan | 10.11.x | |<br />
| [OS X Yosemite](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OS_X_Yosemite) | 10.10.x | Only Apple supplied AVB drivers are supported. |<br />
<br />
For more detailed information see the [[Avid S3L and macOS]] page.<br />
<br />
# Resources<br />
<br />
Apple<br />
- [Browse your network for an AVB device in Audio MIDI Setup on Mac ](https://support.apple.com/guide/audio-midi-setup/browse-your-network-for-an-avb-device-amsavb001)<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:macOS]]<br />
[[Category:AVB]]<br />
[[Category:Pro Audio]]</div>
Kward