Difference between revisions of "Notes:macOS"
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Stuff for macOS and OS X | Stuff for macOS and OS X | ||
− | {{Info|[2020-11-19] These notes | + | {{Info|[2020-11-19] These notes aren’t fully formatted yet as I’ve simply copied them from my personal notes. I’ll fix them with time.}} |
− | + | <span id="references"></span> | |
+ | = References = | ||
http://serverfault.com/questions/7346/what-are-useful-command-line-commands-on-mac-os-x | http://serverfault.com/questions/7346/what-are-useful-command-line-commands-on-mac-os-x | ||
− | + | <span id="keyboard-shortcut-symbols"></span> | |
+ | = Keyboard Shortcut Symbols = | ||
− | [ | + | [https://support.apple.com/guide/mac-help/back-up-and-share-text-replacements-on-mac-mchl2a7bd795/mac Back up and share text replacements on Mac] |
− | + | <span id="symbols"></span> | |
+ | == Symbols == | ||
Common symbols used by macOS. | Common symbols used by macOS. | ||
− | | Description | Symbol | Note | + | {| |
− | | - | + | !width="57%"| Description |
− | | Apple | + | !width="21%"| Symbol |
− | | Command | + | !width="21%"| Note |
− | | Delete | + | |- |
− | | Escape | + | | Apple |
− | | Fn-Down | + | | |
− | | Fn-Left | + | | ⌘-Option-K (works on a Mac, but might be different on other OSes) |
− | | Fn-Right | ↘︎ | + | |- |
− | | Fn-Up | + | | Command |
− | | Option | + | | ⌘ |
− | | Power | + | | |
− | | Return | + | |- |
− | | Shift | + | | Delete |
− | | Tab | + | | ⌫ |
+ | | | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | Escape | ||
+ | | ⎋ / ␛ | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | Fn-Down | ||
+ | | ⇟ | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | Fn-Left | ||
+ | | ↖︎ | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | Fn-Right | ||
+ | | ↘︎ | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | Fn-Up | ||
+ | | ⇞ | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | Option | ||
+ | | ⌥ | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | Power | ||
+ | | ⌽ | ||
+ | | substitute as there isn’t a good one; http://unicodepowersymbol.com/ | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | Return | ||
+ | | ⏎ | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | Shift | ||
+ | | ⇧ | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | Tab | ||
+ | | ⇥ | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | |} | ||
− | + | <span id="accents"></span> | |
+ | == Accents == | ||
Method 1: To type an accented or alternate version of a character, hold a key down until its alternate characters are displayed. (https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT201586) | Method 1: To type an accented or alternate version of a character, hold a key down until its alternate characters are displayed. (https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT201586) | ||
Line 39: | Line 85: | ||
Method 3: Open Character Palette with Control-Command-Space. Find the desired character, then drag the character with the mouse into place to insert. | Method 3: Open Character Palette with Control-Command-Space. Find the desired character, then drag the character with the mouse into place to insert. | ||
− | | Name | + | {| |
− | | - | + | ! Name |
− | | Acute | + | ! Example |
− | | Circumflex | ô Ô | + | ! Shortcut + Char |
− | | Grave | + | |- |
− | | Tilde | + | | Acute |
− | | Umlaut | + | | ó Ó |
+ | | Option-E, V | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | Circumflex | ||
+ | | ô Ô | ||
+ | | Option-I, V | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | Grave | ||
+ | | ò Ò | ||
+ | | Option-`, V | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | Tilde | ||
+ | | õ Õ | ||
+ | | Option-N, V (only works with a, n, and o) | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | Umlaut | ||
+ | | ö Ö | ||
+ | | Option-U, V | ||
+ | |} | ||
− | + | <span id="letters"></span> | |
+ | == Letters == | ||
− | | Letter | + | {| |
− | | - | + | ! Letter |
− | | å | Option-A | | + | ! Shortcut |
− | | ç | Option-C | | + | ! Description |
− | | ø | Option-O | | + | |- |
− | | ß | Option-S | Eszett | + | | å |
− | | æ | Option- | + | | Option-A |
+ | | | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | ç | ||
+ | | Option-C | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | ø | ||
+ | | Option-O | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | ß | ||
+ | | Option-S | ||
+ | | Eszett | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | æ | ||
+ | | Option-’ | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | |} | ||
− | + | <span id="math-symbols"></span> | |
+ | == Math Symbols == | ||
− | Approximately : (≈) Option-X | + | Approximately : (≈) Option-X Degree : (°) Shift-Option-8 Delta : (∆) Option-J Division : (÷) Option-/ GreaterOrEqual : (≥) Option-. Infinity : (∞) Option-5 Intergal : (∫) Option-B LessOrEqual : (≤) Option-, Micro : (µ) Option-M Ohm : (Ω) Option-Z PartialDerivative : (∂) Option-D PerMil : (‰) Shift-Option-R Pi : (π) Option-P Plus/Minus : (±) Shift-Option-= ProductPi : (∏) Shift-Option-P SquareRoot : (√) Option-V Sum : (∑) Option-W |
− | Degree : (°) Shift-Option-8 | ||
− | Delta : (∆) Option-J | ||
− | Division : (÷) Option-/ | ||
− | GreaterOrEqual : (≥) Option-. | ||
− | Infinity : (∞) Option-5 | ||
− | Intergal : (∫) Option-B | ||
− | LessOrEqual : (≤) Option-, | ||
− | Micro : (µ) Option-M | ||
− | Ohm : (Ω) Option-Z | ||
− | PartialDerivative : (∂) Option-D | ||
− | PerMil : (‰) Shift-Option-R | ||
− | Pi : (π) Option-P | ||
− | Plus/Minus : (±) Shift-Option-= | ||
− | ProductPi : (∏) Shift-Option-P | ||
− | SquareRoot : (√) Option-V | ||
− | Sum : (∑) Option-W | ||
− | + | <span id="punctuation"></span> | |
+ | == Punctuation == | ||
− | Copyright : (©) Option+G | + | Copyright : (©) Option+G Dagger : (†) Option+T Dot : (•) Option+8 EmDash : (—) Option+Shift+- EnDash : (–) Option+- Paragraph : (¶) Option+7 Registered : (®) Option+R Section : (§) Option+6 Trademark : (™) Option+2 |
− | Dagger : (†) Option+T | ||
− | Dot : (•) Option+8 | ||
− | EmDash : (—) Option+Shift+- | ||
− | EnDash : (–) Option+- | ||
− | Paragraph : (¶) Option+7 | ||
− | Registered : (®) Option+R | ||
− | Section : (§) Option+6 | ||
− | Trademark : (™) Option+2 | ||
− | + | <span id="general"></span> | |
+ | == General == | ||
− | Command-F2 : Act as external display on iMac | + | Command-F2 : Act as external display on iMac Command-Delete : Delete a file Command-Shift-3 : Capture screen Command-Shift-4 : Capture window with cursor selection Command-Shift-4 + Space : Capture window Command-Shift-5 : Record cropped window Command-Shift-5 + Space : Record a window Command-Shift-Q : Log out with confirmation Command-Shift-Option-Q : Log out without confirmation |
− | Command-Delete : Delete a file | ||
− | Command-Shift-3 : Capture screen | ||
− | Command-Shift-4 : Capture window with cursor selection | ||
− | Command-Shift-4 + Space : Capture window | ||
− | Command-Shift-5 : Record cropped window | ||
− | Command-Shift-5 + Space : Record a window | ||
− | Command-Shift-Q : Log out with confirmation | ||
− | Command-Shift-Option-Q : Log out without confirmation | ||
− | + | <span id="documents"></span> | |
+ | == Documents == | ||
− | | Key combination | + | {| |
− | | - | + | !width="21%"| Key combination |
− | | ⌘-B | + | !width="78%"| Description |
− | | ⌘-Option-C | + | |- |
− | | ⌘-D | + | | ⌘-B |
− | | ⌘-Control-D | + | | Boldface the selected text, or turn boldfacing on or off. |
− | | ⌘-Option-F | + | |- |
− | | ⌘-I | + | | ⌘-Option-C |
− | | ⌘-Option-I | + | | Copy Style: Copy the formatting settings of the selected item to the Clipboard. |
− | | ⌘-L | + | |- |
− | | ⌘-Shift-P | + | | ⌘-D |
− | | ⌘-Shift-S | + | | Select the Desktop folder from within an Open dialog or Save dialog. |
− | | ⌘-T | + | |- |
− | | ⌘-Option-T | + | | ⌘-Control-D |
− | | ⌘-U | + | | Show or hide the definition of the selected word. |
− | | ⌘-Option-V | + | |- |
− | | ⌘-Option-Shift-V | Paste and Match Style: Apply the style of the surrounding content to the item pasted within that content. | | + | | ⌘-Option-F |
− | | ⌘-; | + | | Go to the search field. |
− | | ⌘-Shift-: | + | |- |
− | | ⌘-⌫ | + | | ⌘-I |
+ | | Italicise the selected text, or turn italics on or off. | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | ⌘-Option-I | ||
+ | | Show or hide the inspector window. | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | ⌘-L | ||
+ | | During software installation, show a log of actions. | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | ⌘-Shift-P | ||
+ | | Page setup: Display a window for selecting document settings. | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | ⌘-Shift-S | ||
+ | | Display the ave As dialog, or duplicate the current document. | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | ⌘-T | ||
+ | | Show or hide the Fonts window. | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | ⌘-Option-T | ||
+ | | Show or hide a toolbar in the app. | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | ⌘-U | ||
+ | | Underline the selected text, or turn underlining on or off. | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | ⌘-Option-V | ||
+ | | Paste Style: Apply the copied style to the selected item. | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | ⌘-Option-Shift-V | ||
+ | | Paste and Match Style: Apply the style of the surrounding content to the item pasted within that content. | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | ⌘-; | ||
+ | | Fix misspelled words in the document. | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | ⌘-Shift-: | ||
+ | | Display the Spelling and Grammar window | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | ⌘-⌫ | ||
+ | | Select Delete or Don’t Save in a dialog that contains a Delete or Don’t Save button. | ||
+ | |} | ||
− | Command–DownArrow : Move the insertion point to the end of the document. | + | Command–DownArrow : Move the insertion point to the end of the document. Command–Equal : … performs the same function. Command–LeftArrow : Move the insertion point to the beginning of the current line. Command–LeftCurlyBracket : Left align. Command–RightArrow : Move the insertion point to the end of the current line. Command–RightCurlyBracket : Right align. Command–Shift–DownArrow : Select the text between the insertion point and the end of the document. Command–Shift–LeftArrow : Select the text between the insertion point and the beginning of the current line. Command–Shift–Minus : Decrease the size of the selected item. Command–Shift–Plus : Increase the size of the selected item. Command–Shift–QuestionMark : Open the Help menu. Command–Shift–RightArrow : Select the text between the insertion point and the end of the current line. Command–Shift–UpArrow : Select the text between the insertion point and the beginning of the document. Command–Shift–VerticalBar : Center align. Command–UpArrow : Move the insertion point to the beginning of the document. Control-A : Move to the beginning of the line or paragraph. Control-B : Move one character backward. Control-D : Delete the character to the right of the insertion point. Or use Fn-Delete. Control-E : Move to the end of a line or paragraph. Control-F : Move one character forward. Control-H : Delete the character to the left of the insertion point. Or use Delete. Control-K : Delete the text between the insertion point and the end of the line or paragraph. Control-L : Center the cursor or selection in the visible area. Control-N : Move down one line. Control-O : Insert a new line after the insertion point. Control-P : Move up one line. Control-T : Swap the character behind the insertion point with the character in front of the insertion point. Fn-Delete : Forward delete on keyboards that don’t have a Forward Delete key. Or use Control-D. Fn–DownArrow : Page Down: Scroll down one page. Fn–LeftArrow : Home: Scroll to the beginning of a document. Fn–RightArrow : End: Scroll to the end of a document. Fn–UpArrow : Page Up: Scroll up one page. Option-Delete : Delete the word to the left of the insertion point. Option–LeftArrow : Move the insertion point to the beginning of the previous word. Option–RightArrow : Move the insertion point to the end of the next word. Shift–DownArrow : Extend text selection to the nearest character at the same horizontal location on the line below. Shift–LeftArrow : Extend text selection one character to the left. Shift–Option–DownArrow : Extend text selection to the end of the current paragraph, then to the end of the following paragraph if pressed again. Shift–Option–LeftArrow : Extend text selection to the beginning of the current word, then to the beginning of the following word if pressed again. Shift–Option–RightArrow : Extend text selection to the end of the current word, then to the end of the following word if pressed again. Shift–Option–UpArrow : Extend text selection to the beginning of the current paragraph, then to the beginning of the following paragraph if pressed again. Shift–RightArrow : Extend text selection one character to the right. Shift–UpArrow : Extend text selection to the nearest character at the same horizontal location on the line above. |
− | Command–Equal : | ||
− | Command–LeftArrow : Move the insertion point to the beginning of the current line. | ||
− | Command–LeftCurlyBracket : Left align. | ||
− | Command–RightArrow : Move the insertion point to the end of the current line. | ||
− | Command–RightCurlyBracket : Right align. | ||
− | Command–Shift–DownArrow : Select the text between the insertion point and the end of the document. | ||
− | Command–Shift–LeftArrow : Select the text between the insertion point and the beginning of the current line. | ||
− | Command–Shift–Minus : Decrease the size of the selected item. | ||
− | Command–Shift–Plus : Increase the size of the selected item. | ||
− | Command–Shift–QuestionMark : Open the Help menu. | ||
− | Command–Shift–RightArrow : Select the text between the insertion point and the end of the current line. | ||
− | Command–Shift–UpArrow : Select the text between the insertion point and the beginning of the document. | ||
− | Command–Shift–VerticalBar : Center align. | ||
− | Command–UpArrow : Move the insertion point to the beginning of the document. | ||
− | Control-A : Move to the beginning of the line or paragraph. | ||
− | Control-B : Move one character backward. | ||
− | Control-D : Delete the character to the right of the insertion point. Or use Fn-Delete. | ||
− | Control-E : Move to the end of a line or paragraph. | ||
− | Control-F : Move one character forward. | ||
− | Control-H : Delete the character to the left of the insertion point. Or use Delete. | ||
− | Control-K : Delete the text between the insertion point and the end of the line or paragraph. | ||
− | Control-L : Center the cursor or selection in the visible area. | ||
− | Control-N : Move down one line. | ||
− | Control-O : Insert a new line after the insertion point. | ||
− | Control-P : Move up one line. | ||
− | Control-T : Swap the character behind the insertion point with the character in front of the insertion point. | ||
− | Fn-Delete : Forward delete on keyboards that | ||
− | Fn–DownArrow : Page Down: Scroll down one page. | ||
− | Fn–LeftArrow : Home: Scroll to the beginning of a document. | ||
− | Fn–RightArrow : End: Scroll to the end of a document. | ||
− | Fn–UpArrow : Page Up: Scroll up one page. | ||
− | Option-Delete : Delete the word to the left of the insertion point. | ||
− | Option–LeftArrow : Move the insertion point to the beginning of the previous word. | ||
− | Option–RightArrow : Move the insertion point to the end of the next word. | ||
− | Shift–DownArrow : Extend text selection to the nearest character at the same horizontal location on the line below. | ||
− | Shift–LeftArrow : Extend text selection one character to the left. | ||
− | Shift–Option–DownArrow : Extend text selection to the end of the current paragraph, then to the end of the following paragraph if pressed again. | ||
− | Shift–Option–LeftArrow : Extend text selection to the beginning of the current word, then to the beginning of the following word if pressed again. | ||
− | Shift–Option–RightArrow : Extend text selection to the end of the current word, then to the end of the following word if pressed again. | ||
− | Shift–Option–UpArrow : Extend text selection to the beginning of the current paragraph, then to the beginning of the following paragraph if pressed again. | ||
− | Shift–RightArrow : Extend text selection one character to the right. | ||
− | Shift–UpArrow : Extend text selection to the nearest character at the same horizontal location on the line above. | ||
− | + | <span id="booting"></span> | |
+ | == Booting == | ||
− | https://support.apple.com/en-eg/HT201255 | + | https://support.apple.com/en-eg/HT201255 http://www.tech-recipes.com/rx/2818/os_x_ten_boot_options_for_leopard/ |
− | http://www.tech-recipes.com/rx/2818/os_x_ten_boot_options_for_leopard/ | ||
− | | Key | + | {| |
− | | - | + | !width="44%"| Key |
− | | C | + | !width="55%"| Desc |
− | | D / Option-D | + | |- |
− | | N | + | | C |
− | | R | + | | Boot from CD/DVD |
− | | T | + | |- |
− | | X | + | | D / Option-D |
− | | ⌘-Option-P-R | + | | Diagnostics or Apple Hardware Test mode / via-Internet. 1) Unplug MacBook Pro from power, and fully power off the machine. 2) Power on and press-and-hold the D key. 3) Release when prompted to choose a language. |
− | | ⌘-R / ⌘-Option-R | + | |- |
− | | Command-S | + | | N |
− | | Command-V | + | | Netboot |
− | | LeftShift-Control-Option-Power | + | |- |
− | | Left_Mouse / F12 / mouse_button / trackpad_button | Eject Media | + | | R |
− | | Option | + | | PowerBook Display Reset |
− | | Option-D | + | |- |
− | | Option-N | + | | T |
− | | Shift | + | | Target disk mode |
+ | |- | ||
+ | | X | ||
+ | | Startup from OS X instead of from non-OS X startup | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | ⌘-Option-P-R | ||
+ | | Reset PRAM. Do immediately after powering on, and release after 2nd Apple logo or 20sec, whichever comes first. | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | ⌘-R / ⌘-Option-R | ||
+ | | OS X Recovery / over the Internet | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | Command-S | ||
+ | | Single User Mode | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | Command-V | ||
+ | | Verbose Boot | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | LeftShift-Control-Option-Power | ||
+ | | [https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT201295 Reset SMC]. Do with power off. Hold for 10 sec, then power on again. | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | Left_Mouse / F12 / mouse_button / trackpad_button | ||
+ | | Eject Media | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | Option | ||
+ | | Startup Manager | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | Option-D | ||
+ | | Diagnostics or Apple Hardware Test via Internet | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | Option-N | ||
+ | | NetBoot using default image | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | Shift | ||
+ | | Safe Mode | ||
+ | |} | ||
− | + | <span id="downloads"></span> | |
+ | = Downloads = | ||
− | [ | + | [https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT201372 How to create a bootable installer for macOS] |
− | 10.15 [ | + | 10.15 [https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/macos-catalina/id1466841314?ls=1&mt=12 Catalina] |
− | + | <pre>sudo /Applications/Install\ macOS\ Catalina.app/Contents/Resources/createinstallmedia \ | |
− | sudo /Applications/Install\ macOS\ Catalina.app/Contents/Resources/createinstallmedia \ | + | --volume /Volumes/MyVolume</pre> |
− | --volume /Volumes/MyVolume | + | 10.14 [https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/macos-mojave/id1398502828?ls=1&mt=12 Mojave] |
− | |||
− | 10. | + | <pre>sudo /Applications/Install\ macOS\ Mojave.app/Contents/Resources/createinstallmedia \ |
+ | --volume /Volumes/MyVolume</pre> | ||
+ | 10.13 [https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/macos-high-sierra/id1246284741?ls=1&mt=12 High Sierra] | ||
− | + | <pre>sudo /Applications/Install\ macOS\ High\ Sierra.app/Contents/Resources/createinstallmedia \ | |
− | sudo /Applications/Install\ macOS\ | + | --volume /Volumes/MyVolume</pre> |
− | --volume /Volumes/MyVolume | + | 10.12 [http://updates-http.cdn-apple.com/2019/cert/061-41343-20191023-02465f92-3ab5-4c92-bfe2-b725447a070d/InstallMacOSX.dmg Yosemite] |
− | |||
− | 10. | + | 10.11 [http://updates-http.cdn-apple.com/2019/cert/061-41424-20191024-218af9ec-cf50-4516-9011-228c78eda3d2/InstallMacOSX.dmg El Capitan] |
− | + | <pre>sudo /Applications/Install\ OS\ X\ El\ Capitan.app/Contents/Resources/createinstallmedia \ | |
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | sudo /Applications/Install\ OS\ X\ El\ Capitan.app/Contents/Resources/createinstallmedia \ | ||
--volume /Volumes/MyVolume \ | --volume /Volumes/MyVolume \ | ||
− | --applicationpath /Applications/Install\ OS\ X\ El\ Capitan.app | + | --applicationpath /Applications/Install\ OS\ X\ El\ Capitan.app</pre> |
− | + | 10.10 [http://updates-http.cdn-apple.com/2019/cert/061-39476-20191023-48f365f4-0015-4c41-9f44-39d3d2aca067/InstallOS.dmg Sierra] | |
− | + | <pre>$ sudo /Applications/Install\ OS\ X\ Sierra.app/Contents/Resources/createinstallmedia \ | |
− | |||
− | |||
− | $ sudo /Applications/Install\ OS\ X\ Sierra.app/Contents/Resources/createinstallmedia \ | ||
--volume /Volumes/MyVolume \ | --volume /Volumes/MyVolume \ | ||
− | --applicationpath /Applications/Install\ OS\ X\ Sierra.app | + | --applicationpath /Applications/Install\ OS\ X\ Sierra.app</pre> |
− | |||
− | |||
10.9 Maverics | 10.9 Maverics | ||
− | + | <pre>$ sudo /Applications/Install\ OS\ X\ Mavericks.app/Contents/Resources/createinstallmedia \ | |
− | $ sudo /Applications/Install\ OS\ X\ Mavericks.app/Contents/Resources/createinstallmedia \ | ||
--volume /Volumes/MyVolume \ | --volume /Volumes/MyVolume \ | ||
− | --applicationpath /Applications/Install\ OS\ X\ Mavericks.app | + | --applicationpath /Applications/Install\ OS\ X\ Mavericks.app</pre> |
− | + | [https://support.apple.com/downloads/tiger Legacy] | |
− | |||
− | [ | ||
See also: https://appleinsider.com/articles/19/11/23/how-to-get-an-old-macos-installer-from-apple | See also: https://appleinsider.com/articles/19/11/23/how-to-get-an-old-macos-installer-from-apple | ||
− | + | <span id="file-systems"></span> | |
+ | = File systems = | ||
− | + | <span id="create-iso-from-cdr"></span> | |
+ | == Create ISO from CDR == | ||
https://forums.macrumors.com/threads/converting-cdr-to-iso.783690/ | https://forums.macrumors.com/threads/converting-cdr-to-iso.783690/ | ||
Line 255: | Line 325: | ||
Convert a CDR to ISO. | Convert a CDR to ISO. | ||
− | + | <syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ hdiutil makehybrid -iso -joliet -o diskimage.iso diskimage.cdr</syntaxhighlight> | |
− | $ hdiutil makehybrid -iso -joliet -o diskimage.iso diskimage.cdr | + | <span id="write-iso-to-usb"></span> |
− | + | == Write ISO to USB == | |
− | |||
− | |||
For bootable images, use one of: | For bootable images, use one of: | ||
− | + | * [https://www.balena.io/etcher/ Etcher] – '''recommended''' for bootable CD/DVD | |
− | + | * [http://unetbootin.github.io/ UNetbootin] – useful if additional FreeDOS boot is needed (e.g. for firmware upgrades) | |
For data only… | For data only… | ||
Line 270: | Line 338: | ||
https://snipt.net/w00kie/how-do-i-burn-an-iso-on-a-usb-drive-on-mac-os-x/ | https://snipt.net/w00kie/how-do-i-burn-an-iso-on-a-usb-drive-on-mac-os-x/ | ||
− | Convert the file to a Disk Image. Note a | + | Convert the file to a Disk Image. Note a <code>.dmg</code> extension will be added. |
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
+ | <syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ hdiutil convert -format UDRW -o /path/to/target /path/to/original.iso</syntaxhighlight> | ||
Find current devices | Find current devices | ||
− | + | <syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ diskutil list</syntaxhighlight> | |
− | $ diskutil list | ||
− | |||
− | |||
Unmount device | Unmount device | ||
− | + | <syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ diskutil unmountDisk /dev/diskN</syntaxhighlight> | |
− | $ diskutil unmountDisk /dev/diskN | ||
− | |||
− | |||
Write to USB | Write to USB | ||
− | + | <syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ sudo dd if=/path/to/target.dmg of=/dev/rdiskN bs=1m</syntaxhighlight> | |
− | $ sudo dd if=/path/to/target.dmg of=/dev/rdiskN bs=1m | ||
− | |||
− | |||
Eject the disk | Eject the disk | ||
− | + | <syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ diskutil eject /dev/diskN</syntaxhighlight> | |
− | $ diskutil eject /dev/diskN | + | <span id="format-a-disk-from-the-command-line"></span> |
− | + | == Format a disk from the command-line == | |
− | |||
− | |||
Format with JHFS+ (Journaled HFS+) with a GPT partition layout. | Format with JHFS+ (Journaled HFS+) with a GPT partition layout. | ||
− | + | <pre>diskutil eraseDisk jhfs+ "ICY BOX 500G" gpt /dev/diskX</pre> | |
− | + | <span id="create-custom-corestorage-drive"></span> | |
− | + | == Create custom CoreStorage drive == | |
http://www.cnet.com/how-to/how-to-make-a-custom-corestorage-drive-in-os-x/ | http://www.cnet.com/how-to/how-to-make-a-custom-corestorage-drive-in-os-x/ | ||
Line 312: | Line 366: | ||
Create a CoreStorage volume. Will be using disk0 (SSD) and disk1 (HDD). | Create a CoreStorage volume. Will be using disk0 (SSD) and disk1 (HDD). | ||
− | Partition all drives to be part of CS with single GUID partition, named | + | Partition all drives to be part of CS with single GUID partition, named ‘Untitled’. Then determine their drive names |
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
+ | <syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ diskutil list</syntaxhighlight> | ||
Create the logical volume group. Note the 1st drive is the SSD drive, and 2nd is drive is the HDD. | Create the logical volume group. Note the 1st drive is the SSD drive, and 2nd is drive is the HDD. | ||
− | + | <syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ diskutil cs create Macintosh\ LVG disk0 disk1</syntaxhighlight> | |
− | $ diskutil cs create Macintosh\ LVG disk0 disk1 | ||
− | |||
− | |||
List CS volumes | List CS volumes | ||
− | + | <syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ diskutil cs list</syntaxhighlight> | |
− | $ diskutil cs list | ||
− | |||
− | |||
Create volume in the volume group using UUID of LVG | Create volume in the volume group using UUID of LVG | ||
− | + | <syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ diskutil cs createVolume UUID jhfs+ Macintosh\ HD 100%</syntaxhighlight> | |
− | $ diskutil cs createVolume UUID jhfs+ Macintosh\ HD 100% | ||
− | |||
− | |||
If desired, encrypt the logical volume just created | If desired, encrypt the logical volume just created | ||
− | + | <syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ diskutil cs list | |
− | $ diskutil cs list | + | $ diskutil cs encryptVolume UUID</syntaxhighlight> |
− | $ diskutil cs encryptVolume UUID | ||
− | |||
− | |||
Delete a CS LVG. | Delete a CS LVG. | ||
− | + | <syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ diskutil cs delete UUID</syntaxhighlight> | |
− | $ diskutil cs delete UUID | + | <span id="get-serial-number-of-drive"></span> |
− | + | == Get serial number of drive == | |
− | + | <syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ ioreg -l |less</syntaxhighlight> | |
− | + | == ditto == | |
− | |||
− | $ ioreg -l |less | ||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
Mirror directories in OS X, preserving all ownership and permission data. | Mirror directories in OS X, preserving all ownership and permission data. | ||
− | + | <syntaxhighlight lang="console"># ditto -V /Users /Volumes/SecondaryHD/Users</syntaxhighlight> | |
− | # ditto -V /Users /Volumes/SecondaryHD/Users | + | <span id="write-dmg-to-disk"></span> |
− | + | == Write DMG to disk == | |
− | |||
− | |||
http://coolestguyplanettech.com/downtown/how-image-mac-os-x-107-lion-command-lineterminal | http://coolestguyplanettech.com/downtown/how-image-mac-os-x-107-lion-command-lineterminal | ||
− | + | # Mount the destination drive | |
− | + | # Issue this command, replacing source and destination paths | |
− | + | <syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ asr restore \ | |
− | $ asr restore \ | ||
--source /path-to-source-dmg-image \ | --source /path-to-source-dmg-image \ | ||
--target /Volumes/path-to-destination-volume \ | --target /Volumes/path-to-destination-volume \ | ||
--erase \ | --erase \ | ||
--format HFS+ \ | --format HFS+ \ | ||
− | --noverify | + | --noverify</syntaxhighlight> |
− | + | * The '''–erase''' will erase the destination format | |
− | + | * The '''–format''' is optional and only required if the destination needs to be reformatted | |
− | + | * The '''–noverify''' is optional and skips verification - but obviously doesn’t verify a successful restore. | |
− | |||
− | |||
− | + | <span id="mount-dmg-as-disk-loopback"></span> | |
+ | == Mount DMG as disk – loopback == | ||
http://apple.stackexchange.com/questions/9284/does-mac-have-something-similar-to-a-linux-loop-device | http://apple.stackexchange.com/questions/9284/does-mac-have-something-similar-to-a-linux-loop-device | ||
− | The upgrade from MacOS 10.12.1 to 10.12.2 broke my APFS formatted Ableton SDCard drive. Ugh :-(. Luckily I still had a machine running 10.12.1, so I figured | + | The upgrade from MacOS 10.12.1 to 10.12.2 broke my APFS formatted Ableton SDCard drive. Ugh :-(. Luckily I still had a machine running 10.12.1, so I figured I’d try to fix things. |
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | + | I started by dumping the raw disk <code>/dev/disk2</code> using <code>dd</code>. | |
− | + | <syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ dd if=/dev/disk2 of=/Volumes/Samsung_T1/Ableton-d2.dmg bs=1m</syntaxhighlight> | |
− | $ | + | Mount the disk. ''Note: I could have added the <code>-nomount</code> option after <code>attach</code> to have prevented the disk from actually mounting.'' |
− | |||
− | / | ||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
+ | <syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ hdiutil attach /Volumes/Samsung_T1/Ableton-d2.dmg | ||
+ | /dev/disk2 GUID_partition_scheme | ||
+ | /dev/disk2s1 EFI | ||
+ | /dev/disk2s2 Apple_APFS | ||
+ | /dev/disk2s2s1 41504653-0000-11AA-AA11-0030654</syntaxhighlight> | ||
Yay! | Yay! | ||
− | + | <span id="apfs"></span> | |
+ | == APFS == | ||
− | + | * https://developer.apple.com/library/content/documentation/FileManagement/Conceptual/APFS_Guide/Introduction/Introduction.html | |
− | + | * http://www.howtogeek.com/272741/how-to-format-a-drive-with-the-apfs-file-system-on-macos-sierra/ | |
− | + | '''Sparse image''' | |
Create a sparse image with APFS. | Create a sparse image with APFS. | ||
− | + | <syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ hdiutil create -fs APFS -size 1GB foo.sparseimage</syntaxhighlight> | |
− | $ hdiutil create -fs APFS -size 1GB foo.sparseimage | + | '''Physical disk''' |
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
Partition the disk | Partition the disk | ||
− | + | <syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ sudo diskutil partitionDisk disk2 APFS Untitled 100%</syntaxhighlight> | |
− | $ sudo diskutil partitionDisk disk2 APFS Untitled 100% | + | '''Existing partition''' |
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
Create APFS container. | Create APFS container. | ||
− | + | <syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ diskutil apfs createContainer /dev/disk2s2</syntaxhighlight> | |
− | $ diskutil apfs createContainer /dev/disk2s2 | ||
− | |||
− | |||
Create APFS volume in an APFS container. | Create APFS volume in an APFS container. | ||
− | + | <syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ diskutil apfs addVolume disk2s2 APFS newAPFS</syntaxhighlight> | |
− | $ diskutil apfs addVolume disk2s2 APFS newAPFS | ||
− | |||
− | |||
FSCK. | FSCK. | ||
− | + | <syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ fsck_apfs /dev/disk2s2</syntaxhighlight> | |
− | $ fsck_apfs /dev/disk2s2 | + | <span id="nfs"></span> |
− | + | == NFS == | |
− | |||
− | |||
Change default behavior to work better with Linux servers. | Change default behavior to work better with Linux servers. | ||
− | + | * https://j-li.net/posts/mounting-a-linux-nfs-on-osx | |
− | + | <code>/etc/nfs.conf</code> | |
− | + | <pre># Generated automatically by NFS Manager 2016-10-19 23:06:36 +0000 | |
− | # Generated automatically by NFS Manager 2016-10-19 23:06:36 +0000 | ||
nfs.client.allow_async = 1 | nfs.client.allow_async = 1 | ||
nfs.client.nfsiod_thread_max = 128 | nfs.client.nfsiod_thread_max = 128 | ||
nfs.client.mount.options = nfc,intr | nfs.client.mount.options = nfc,intr | ||
− | nfs.client.is_mobile = 0 | + | nfs.client.is_mobile = 0</pre> |
− | + | <span id="restart-autofs-without-rebooting."></span> | |
− | + | == Restart autofs without rebooting. == | |
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | + | Use the <code>automount</code> command. | |
− | |||
− | |||
− | Alternatively, use | + | <syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ sudo automount -vc</syntaxhighlight> |
+ | Alternatively, use <code>launchctl</code>. | ||
− | + | <syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ sudo launchctl stop com.apple.autofsd</syntaxhighlight> | |
− | $ sudo launchctl stop com.apple.autofsd | + | <span id="partitioning"></span> |
− | + | == Partitioning == | |
− | |||
− | |||
References | References | ||
− | + | * https://developer.apple.com/library/content/documentation/FileManagement/Conceptual/APFS_Guide/ToolsandAPIs/ToolsandAPIs.html#//apple_ref/doc/uid/TP40016999-CH7-DontLinkElementID_13 | |
− | + | * http://www.theinstructional.com/guides/disk-management-from-the-command-line-part-2 | |
Get list of info | Get list of info | ||
− | + | <syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ diskutil list</syntaxhighlight> | |
− | $ diskutil list | ||
− | |||
− | |||
Format an entire drive as APFS | Format an entire drive as APFS | ||
− | + | <syntaxhighlight lang="console"># command verb disk boot_record filesystem name size | |
− | # command verb disk boot_record filesystem name size | + | $ diskutil partitionDisk /dev/diskX GPT APFS NewName 0b</syntaxhighlight> |
− | $ diskutil partitionDisk /dev/diskX GPT APFS NewName 0b | ||
− | |||
− | |||
Arguments: | Arguments: | ||
− | + | * Boot Records | |
− | + | ** GPT (GUID Partition Table) | |
− | + | ** MBR (Master Boot Record) | |
− | + | * Filesystems | |
− | + | ** APFS (Apple File System – beta in Sierra 10.12.1) | |
− | + | ** ExFAT | |
− | + | ** FAT32 | |
− | + | ** HFS+ (Apple HFS+) | |
− | + | <span id="locked-files-or-folders"></span> | |
+ | == Locked files or folders == | ||
Look at the current flags: | Look at the current flags: | ||
− | + | <syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ ls -lO /path/to/folder</syntaxhighlight> | |
− | $ ls -lO /path/to/folder | ||
− | |||
− | |||
Unlock them with: | Unlock them with: | ||
− | + | <syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ chflags nouchg /path/to/locked/folder</syntaxhighlight> | |
− | $ chflags nouchg /path/to/locked/folder | ||
− | |||
− | |||
or with: | or with: | ||
− | + | <syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ SetFile -a l /path/to/locked/folder</syntaxhighlight> | |
− | $ SetFile -a l /path/to/locked/folder | + | <span id="cookbook"></span> |
− | + | = Cookbook = | |
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | + | <span id="homebrew"></span> | |
+ | == Homebrew == | ||
− | + | The <code>ftp</code> and <code>telnet</code> are no longer included with macOS, but can be installed with Brew. | |
− | + | <pre>$ brew install inetutils</pre> | |
+ | <span id="resize-a-sparse-bundle"></span> | ||
+ | == Resize a sparse bundle == | ||
Unmount the image, and follow commands below. | Unmount the image, and follow commands below. | ||
Line 543: | Line 535: | ||
Compact the image (size stays the same). | Compact the image (size stays the same). | ||
− | + | <pre>hdiutil compact filename.sparsebundle</pre> | |
+ | Increase the size of the image (e.g. 8G to 12G). | ||
− | + | <pre>hdiutil resize -size 12G filename.sparsebundle</pre> | |
+ | <span id="paragraph-sorting-service"></span> | ||
+ | == Paragraph Sorting Service == | ||
− | + | http://www.macosxautomation.com/services/learn/tut03/index.html | |
− | + | <ol style="list-style-type: decimal;"> | |
+ | <li>Open Automator.</li> | ||
+ | <li>Create a new “Service” workflow.</li> | ||
+ | <li>Configure workflow. | ||
+ | <ol style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;"> | ||
+ | <li>Service receives selected > text</li> | ||
+ | <li>in > any application</li> | ||
+ | <li>check < Replaces selected text</li></ol> | ||
− | + | <ol start="4" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> | |
+ | <li></li></ol> | ||
+ | </li></ol> | ||
− | + | <span id="disable-the-swoosh-animation-for-mac-os-x-spaces"></span> | |
− | + | == Disable the Swoosh animation for Mac OS X Spaces == | |
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
macOS [10.12) | macOS [10.12) | ||
− | System Preferences | + | System Preferences > Accessibility > Display > Reduce motion |
macOS (10.11] | macOS (10.11] | ||
− | + | * http://blog.sysmgr.org/2011/02/disable-swoosh-animation-for-mac-os-x.html | |
− | + | * http://secrets.blacktree.com/?showapp=com.apple.dock – interesting | |
− | + | * http://www.macosxhints.com/comment.php?mode=view&cid=117778 | |
− | + | <syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ defaults write com.apple.dock \ | |
− | $ defaults write com.apple.dock \ | ||
workspaces-swoosh-animation-off \ | workspaces-swoosh-animation-off \ | ||
-bool YES && | -bool YES && | ||
− | killall Dock | + | killall Dock</syntaxhighlight> |
− | + | <span id="change-screen-capture-behavior."></span> | |
− | + | == Change screen capture behavior. == | |
− | |||
Disable shadow on screen capture. | Disable shadow on screen capture. | ||
− | + | <pre>$ defaults write com.apple.screencapture disable-shadow -bool TRUE | |
− | $ defaults write com.apple.screencapture disable-shadow -bool TRUE | + | $ killall SystemUIServer</pre> |
− | $ killall SystemUIServer | ||
− | |||
− | |||
Change the location of screen captures. | Change the location of screen captures. | ||
− | + | <pre>$ defaults write com.apple.screencapture location ~/Pictures/Screenshots</pre> | |
− | $ defaults write com.apple.screencapture location ~/Pictures/Screenshots | ||
− | |||
− | |||
Change the prefix of the screen capture filename. | Change the prefix of the screen capture filename. | ||
− | + | <pre>$ defaults write com.apple.screencapture name "Pretty Picture" | |
− | $ defaults write com.apple.screencapture name | + | $ killall SystemUIServer</pre> |
− | $ killall SystemUIServer | ||
− | |||
− | |||
Take a screen capture as PDF (PNG is default). | Take a screen capture as PDF (PNG is default). | ||
− | + | <pre>$ defaults write com.apple.screencapture type pdf</pre> | |
− | $ defaults write com.apple.screencapture type pdf | + | <span id="endisable-bonjour-announcements-10.5"></span> |
− | + | == (En|Dis)able Bonjour Announcements (10.5+) == | |
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
Disable | Disable | ||
− | + | <pre>$ sudo launchctl unload -w /System/Library/LaunchDaemons/com.apple.mDNSResponder.plist</pre> | |
− | |||
Enable | Enable | ||
− | + | <pre>$ sudo launchctl load -w /System/Library/LaunchDaemons/com.apple.mDNSResponder.plist</pre> | |
− | |||
To leave it enabled, but not announce things via multicast DNS, edit the plist and add this line to the mDNSResponder options. | To leave it enabled, but not announce things via multicast DNS, edit the plist and add this line to the mDNSResponder options. | ||
− | + | <pre><string>-NoMulticastAdvertisements</string></pre> | |
− | + | <span id="time-machine"></span> | |
− | + | == Time Machine == | |
− | Change backup frequency (10.5+) | + | Change backup frequency (10.5+) http://hints.macworld.com/article.php?story=200710291721156 |
− | http://hints.macworld.com/article.php?story=200710291721156 | ||
Edit /System/Library/LaunchDaemons/com.apple.backupd-auto.plist and update the StartInterval setting. 3600[s] is 1h. | Edit /System/Library/LaunchDaemons/com.apple.backupd-auto.plist and update the StartInterval setting. 3600[s] is 1h. | ||
− | + | <span id="crond-stuff"></span> | |
+ | == Cron’d stuff == | ||
− | See entry at Oct 19, | + | See entry at Oct 19, ’10 08:03:30PM in http://hints.macworld.com/article.php?story=200710291721156 |
− | + | <span id="sleep"></span> | |
+ | == Sleep == | ||
Sleep machine from command-line (10.5+) | Sleep machine from command-line (10.5+) | ||
− | + | <pre>$ pmset sleepnow</pre> | |
− | + | === pmset === | |
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | + | See ‘man pmset’ for more info. For 10.4 and prior, see http://www.snoize.com/SleepNow/. | |
− | + | Figure out why machine isn’t sleeping. | |
+ | <pre>$ pmset -g assertions</pre> | ||
Log sleep/wake messages | Log sleep/wake messages | ||
− | + | <pre>$ pmset -g pslog</pre> | |
− | |||
View the logs later | View the logs later | ||
− | + | <pre>$ pmset -g</pre> | |
− | + | <span id="endisable-swap"></span> | |
− | + | == (En|Dis)able swap == | |
http://hints.macworld.com/article.php?story=201106020948369 | http://hints.macworld.com/article.php?story=201106020948369 | ||
Line 663: | Line 641: | ||
Disable | Disable | ||
− | + | <syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ sudo launchctl unload -w /System/Library/LaunchDaemons/com.apple.dynamic_pager.plist | |
− | $ sudo launchctl unload -w /System/Library/LaunchDaemons/com.apple.dynamic_pager.plist | + | $ sudo rm /private/var/vm/swapfile*</syntaxhighlight> |
− | $ sudo rm /private/var/vm/swapfile* | ||
− | |||
− | |||
Enable | Enable | ||
− | + | <syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ sudo launchctl load -w /System/Library/LaunchDaemons/com.apple.dynamic_pager.plist</syntaxhighlight> | |
− | $ sudo launchctl load -w /System/Library/LaunchDaemons/com.apple.dynamic_pager.plist | + | <span id="smart"></span> |
− | + | == SMART == | |
− | |||
− | |||
http://hints.macworld.com/article.php?story=20031122041138373 | http://hints.macworld.com/article.php?story=20031122041138373 | ||
Line 680: | Line 653: | ||
Get SMART status from the command-line | Get SMART status from the command-line | ||
− | + | <syntaxhighlight lang="console"># diskutil list | |
− | # diskutil list | + | # diskutil info diskX |grep SMART</syntaxhighlight> |
− | # diskutil info diskX |grep SMART | + | == sysctl == |
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | [ | + | [http://rolande.wordpress.com/2010/12/30/performance-tuning-the-network-stack-on-mac-osx-10-6/ Performance Tuning the Network Stack Mac OS X] |
Versions: [10.5-10.8) | Versions: [10.5-10.8) | ||
− | Put data into | + | Put data into <code>/etc/sysctl.conf</code>. |
− | + | <pre>kern.ipc.maxsockbuf=4194304 | |
− | kern.ipc.maxsockbuf=4194304 | ||
kern.ipc.somaxconn=512 | kern.ipc.somaxconn=512 | ||
kern.ipc.nmbclusters=2048 | kern.ipc.nmbclusters=2048 | ||
Line 709: | Line 678: | ||
net.inet.tcp.blackhole=2 | net.inet.tcp.blackhole=2 | ||
net.inet.udp.blackhole=1 | net.inet.udp.blackhole=1 | ||
− | net.inet.icmp.icmplim=50 | + | net.inet.icmp.icmplim=50</pre> |
− | |||
− | |||
Change these values for [10.8) | Change these values for [10.8) | ||
− | + | <pre>kern.ipc.maxsockbuf=8388608 | |
− | kern.ipc.maxsockbuf=8388608 | ||
# Enable support for 9000+ byte packets. | # Enable support for 9000+ byte packets. | ||
# https://blah.cloud/hardware/test-jumbo-frames-working/ | # https://blah.cloud/hardware/test-jumbo-frames-working/ | ||
− | net.inet.raw.maxdgram=16384 | + | net.inet.raw.maxdgram=16384</pre> |
− | + | (old) Recommended values for <code>/etc/sysctl.conf</code>. | |
− | |||
− | (old) Recommended values for | ||
− | | key | + | {| |
− | | - | + | ! key |
− | | net.inet.tcp.mssdflt | + | ! default |
− | | net.inet.tcp.win_scale_factor | 3 | + | ! recommended |
− | | net.inet.tcp.sendspace | + | ! notes |
− | | net.inet.tcp.recvspace | + | |- |
+ | | net.inet.tcp.mssdflt | ||
+ | | 512 | ||
+ | | 1440 | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | net.inet.tcp.win_scale_factor | ||
+ | | 3 | ||
+ | | 10 | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | net.inet.tcp.sendspace | ||
+ | | 65536 | ||
+ | | 2097152 | ||
+ | | 1/2 of kern.ipc.maxsockbuf | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | net.inet.tcp.recvspace | ||
+ | | 65536 | ||
+ | | 2097152 | ||
+ | | 1/2 of kern.ipc.maxsockbuf | ||
+ | |} | ||
− | + | <span id="spotlight"></span> | |
+ | == Spotlight == | ||
Check status of Spotlight | Check status of Spotlight | ||
− | + | <syntaxhighlight lang="console"># mdutil -s /</syntaxhighlight> | |
− | # mdutil -s / | ||
− | |||
− | |||
Enable Spotlight | Enable Spotlight | ||
− | + | <syntaxhighlight lang="console"># mdutil -i on /</syntaxhighlight> | |
− | # mdutil -i on / | ||
− | |||
− | |||
Rebuilt database | Rebuilt database | ||
− | + | <syntaxhighlight lang="console"># mdutil -E /</syntaxhighlight> | |
− | # mdutil -E / | + | <span id="restart-finder-from-the-terminal"></span> |
− | + | == Restart Finder from the Terminal == | |
− | |||
− | |||
http://thewayeye.net/2012/january/4/how-restart-finder-terminal | http://thewayeye.net/2012/january/4/how-restart-finder-terminal | ||
Line 757: | Line 734: | ||
Kill Finder | Kill Finder | ||
− | + | <syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ sudo killall Finder</syntaxhighlight> | |
− | $ sudo killall Finder | + | Manually start if it doesn’t automatically |
− | |||
− | |||
− | Manually start if it | ||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
+ | <syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ open /System/Library/CoreServices/Finder.app</syntaxhighlight> | ||
If all else fails, reboot | If all else fails, reboot | ||
− | + | <syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ shutdown -r</syntaxhighlight> | |
− | $ shutdown -r | + | <span id="extract-contents-of-a-payload-file"></span> |
− | + | == Extract contents of a Payload file == | |
− | |||
− | |||
These are basically compressed cpio files. | These are basically compressed cpio files. | ||
− | + | <syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ cat Payload |gzip -d |cpio -id</syntaxhighlight> | |
− | $ cat Payload |gzip -d |cpio -id | + | <span id="firewall"></span> |
− | + | == Firewall == | |
− | |||
− | |||
List apps allowed/blocked by firewall. | List apps allowed/blocked by firewall. | ||
− | + | <syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ sudo /usr/libexec/ApplicationFirewall/socketfilterfw --listapps</syntaxhighlight> | |
− | $ sudo /usr/libexec/ApplicationFirewall/socketfilterfw --listapps | + | <span id="dtrace-and-other-scripts"></span> |
− | + | == dtrace and other scripts == | |
− | |||
− | |||
http://dtrace.org/blogs/brendan/2011/10/10/top-10-dtrace-scripts-for-mac-os-x/ | http://dtrace.org/blogs/brendan/2011/10/10/top-10-dtrace-scripts-for-mac-os-x/ | ||
− | + | <span id="power-management"></span> | |
+ | == Power management == | ||
Get history of power management events | Get history of power management events | ||
− | + | <syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ pmset -g log |less</syntaxhighlight> | |
− | $ pmset -g log |less | + | <span id="icon-sets"></span> |
− | + | == Icon sets == | |
− | |||
− | |||
http://blog.macsales.com/28492-create-your-own-custom-icons-in-10-7-5-or-later | http://blog.macsales.com/28492-create-your-own-custom-icons-in-10-7-5-or-later | ||
Line 807: | Line 771: | ||
Create PNG files. | Create PNG files. | ||
− | | Filename | + | {| |
− | | - | + | ! Filename |
− | | icon_512x512@2x.png | 1024 x 1024 | + | ! Image Size (in pixels) |
− | | icon_512x512.png | + | |- |
− | | icon_256x256@2x.png | 512 x 512 | + | | icon_512x512@2x.png |
− | | icon_256x256.png | + | | 1024 x 1024 |
− | | icon_128x128@2x.png | 256 x 256 | + | |- |
− | | icon_128x128.png | + | | icon_512x512.png |
− | | icon_32x32@2x.png | + | | 512 x 512 |
− | | icon_32x32.png | + | |- |
− | | icon_16x16@2x.png | + | | icon_256x256@2x.png |
− | | icon_16x16.png | + | | 512 x 512 |
+ | |- | ||
+ | | icon_256x256.png | ||
+ | | 256 x 256 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | icon_128x128@2x.png | ||
+ | | 256 x 256 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | icon_128x128.png | ||
+ | | 128 x 128 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | icon_32x32@2x.png | ||
+ | | 64 x 64 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | icon_32x32.png | ||
+ | | 32 x 32 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | icon_16x16@2x.png | ||
+ | | 32 x 32 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | icon_16x16.png | ||
+ | | 16 x 16 | ||
+ | |} | ||
− | Create an | + | Create an <code>myicon.iconset</code> folder, and put all files in that folder. |
− | Create a | + | Create a <code>myicon.icns</code> file. |
− | + | <syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ iconutil -c icns /path/to/myicon.iconset</syntaxhighlight> | |
− | $ iconutil -c icns /path/to/myicon.iconset | + | Get info about the drive / file, and copy the <code>myicon.icns</code> file over the drive icon of the file. |
− | |||
− | + | <span id="kill-parentalcontrolsd-regularly"></span> | |
− | + | == Kill parentalcontrolsd regularly == | |
− | + | Create the following plist as <code>/Library/LaunchDaemons/com.forestent.noparentalcontrolsd</code> with root as owner. | |
− | + | <syntaxhighlight lang="xml"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> | |
− | |||
− | |||
− | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> | ||
<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd"> | <!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd"> | ||
<plist version="1.0"> | <plist version="1.0"> | ||
Line 861: | Line 843: | ||
</dict> | </dict> | ||
− | </plist> | + | </plist></syntaxhighlight> |
− | |||
− | |||
Load the plist. | Load the plist. | ||
− | + | <syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ sudo launchctl load /Library/LaunchDaemons/com.forestent.noparentalcontrolsd</syntaxhighlight> | |
− | $ sudo launchctl load /Library/LaunchDaemons/com.forestent.noparentalcontrolsd | + | <span id="install-a-package-from-the-command-line"></span> |
− | + | == Install a package from the command-line == | |
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | + | Use <code>/usr/sbin/installer</code>. | |
− | |||
− | |||
− | + | <syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ sudo installer -pkg /path/to/package.pkg -target /</syntaxhighlight> | |
+ | <pre>sudo installer -pkg macOSUpd10.14.3.pkg -target / -verboseR -dumplog 2>&1 |tee ~/var/log/macOSUpd10.14.3.log</pre> | ||
+ | <span id="upgrade-software-from-the-command-line"></span> | ||
+ | == Upgrade software from the command-line == | ||
− | + | Use <code>softwareupdate</code>. | |
− | + | <syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ softwareupdate -l | |
− | |||
− | |||
− | $ softwareupdate -l | ||
Software Update Tool | Software Update Tool | ||
− | Fining available software | + | Fining available software</syntaxhighlight> |
− | + | If the updater is hitting problems, e.g. unable to contact update servers, consider resetting the catalogs. (Was needed for 10.14.3 at Google.) | |
− | |||
− | If the updater is hitting problems, e.g. | ||
− | the catalogs. (Was needed for 10.14.3 at Google.) | ||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | + | <syntaxhighlight lang="shell">sudo softwareupdate --clear-catalog</syntaxhighlight> | |
+ | <span id="change-visibility-of-hidden-folders"></span> | ||
+ | == Change visibility of hidden folders == | ||
− | + | Use <code>/usr/bin/chflags</code>. | |
− | |||
− | |||
− | + | <pre>$ chflags nohidden ~/Library</pre> | |
+ | <span id="force-rgb-mode-a.k.a.-fix-horrible-fonts"></span> | ||
+ | == Force RGB Mode (a.k.a. fix horrible fonts) == | ||
http://www.iphonetopics.com/force-rgb-mode-in-mac-os-x/ | http://www.iphonetopics.com/force-rgb-mode-in-mac-os-x/ | ||
− | + | <span id="misc.-utilities"></span> | |
+ | = Misc. Utilities = | ||
− | + | <span id="expansion-slot-utility"></span> | |
+ | == Expansion Slot Utility == | ||
The utility is located in /System/Library/CoreServices and is used to configure the performance of the PCI slots. | The utility is located in /System/Library/CoreServices and is used to configure the performance of the PCI slots. | ||
− | + | <span id="fonts"></span> | |
+ | == Fonts == | ||
− | https://discussions.apple.com/thread/3646002?tstart=0 | + | https://discussions.apple.com/thread/3646002?tstart=0 http://www.thexlab.com/faqs/undofontbook.html http://www.jklstudios.com/misc/osxfonts.htm |
− | http://www.thexlab.com/faqs/undofontbook.html | ||
− | http://www.jklstudios.com/misc/osxfonts.htm | ||
− | + | <span id="pmset-1"></span> | |
+ | == pmset == | ||
Get the current settings | Get the current settings | ||
− | + | <syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ pmset -g | |
− | $ pmset -g | ||
System-wide power settings: | System-wide power settings: | ||
Currently in use: | Currently in use: | ||
Line 945: | Line 913: | ||
ttyskeepawake 1 | ttyskeepawake 1 | ||
displaysleep 60 | displaysleep 60 | ||
− | standbydelay 10800 | + | standbydelay 10800</syntaxhighlight> |
− | + | === autopoweroff === | |
− | |||
− | |||
− | + | ''This is the reason my 2013 Mac Pro wakes so slowly from sleep each morning.'' | |
https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT201635 | https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT201635 | ||
− | + | '''autopoweroff''' is enabled by default on supported platforms as an implementation of Lot 6 to the European Energy-related Products Directive. After sleeping for <code>autopoweroffdelay</code> seconds, the system will write a hibernation image and go into a lower power chipset sleep. Wakeups from this state will take longer than wakeups from regular sleep. | |
− | + | == bputil == | |
https://keith.github.io/xcode-man-pages/bputil.1.html | https://keith.github.io/xcode-man-pages/bputil.1.html | ||
Line 962: | Line 928: | ||
Utility to precisely modify the security settings on Apple Silicon Macs | Utility to precisely modify the security settings on Apple Silicon Macs | ||
− | + | == trustd == | |
https://sneak.berlin/20201112/your-computer-isnt-yours/ | https://sneak.berlin/20201112/your-computer-isnt-yours/ | ||
Line 968: | Line 934: | ||
This makes requests to ocsp.apple.com each and every time an app is opened. Ugh. | This makes requests to ocsp.apple.com each and every time an app is opened. Ugh. | ||
− | + | <span id="troubleshooting"></span> | |
+ | = Troubleshooting = | ||
https://github.com/upekkha/AppleHardwareTest | https://github.com/upekkha/AppleHardwareTest | ||
− | + | <span id="previous-shutdown-cause"></span> | |
+ | == Previous shutdown cause == | ||
− | Look at the log on the command-line, and compare to documented causes can be | + | Look at the log on the command-line, and compare to documented causes can be found on this [https://georgegarside.com/blog/macos/shutdown-causes/ blog]. |
− | found on this [ | ||
− | + | <syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ log show --predicate 'eventMessage contains "Previous shutdown cause:"' | |
− | $ log show --predicate 'eventMessage contains "Previous shutdown cause:"' | ||
Skipping info and debug messages, pass --info and/or --debug to include. | Skipping info and debug messages, pass --info and/or --debug to include. | ||
Filtering the log data using "eventMessage CONTAINS "Previous shutdown cause:"" | Filtering the log data using "eventMessage CONTAINS "Previous shutdown cause:"" | ||
Line 986: | Line 952: | ||
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ||
Log - Default: 2, Info: 0, Debug: 0, Error: 0, Fault: 0 | Log - Default: 2, Info: 0, Debug: 0, Error: 0, Fault: 0 | ||
− | Activity - Create: 0, Transition: 0, Actions: 0 | + | Activity - Create: 0, Transition: 0, Actions: 0</syntaxhighlight> |
− | + | <span id="mouse-lag"></span> | |
− | + | == Mouse Lag == | |
− | |||
Try turning off the mouse, removing it from the Bluetooth preferences window, and repairing the device. | Try turning off the mouse, removing it from the Bluetooth preferences window, and repairing the device. | ||
Line 995: | Line 960: | ||
On the Mac Pro (Late 2013) model, Wi-Fi seems to interfere with the Bluetooth signal such that the mouse lags. Disable Wi-Fi if possible, or use a hardwired mouse. | On the Mac Pro (Late 2013) model, Wi-Fi seems to interfere with the Bluetooth signal such that the mouse lags. Disable Wi-Fi if possible, or use a hardwired mouse. | ||
− | + | <span id="dns-resolution"></span> | |
+ | == DNS resolution == | ||
− | + | * https://discussions.apple.com/thread/3339686?start=0&tstart=0 | |
− | + | * http://www.justincarmony.com/blog/2011/07/27/mac-os-x-lion-etc-hosts-bugs-and-dns-resolution/ | |
Get dump of resolvers | Get dump of resolvers | ||
− | + | <syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ scutil --dns</syntaxhighlight> | |
− | $ scutil --dns | + | <span id="reset-dns-cache"></span> |
− | + | == Reset DNS cache == | |
− | |||
− | |||
− | OS X | + | OS X <= 10.9.* && >= 10.10.4 |
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
+ | <syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ sudo killall -HUP mDNSResponder</syntaxhighlight> | ||
OS X 10.10.0 - 10.10.3 | OS X 10.10.0 - 10.10.3 | ||
− | + | <syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ sudo discoveryutil mdnsflushcache</syntaxhighlight> | |
− | $ sudo discoveryutil mdnsflushcache | + | <span id="finder-file-is-damaged"></span> |
− | + | == Finder – “File is damaged” == | |
− | + | Finder is reporting “File is damaged” and “Move to Trash” or “Unmount disk”. If you know the file is fine, remove the quarantine <code>xattr</code>, and try again. | |
− | + | <syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ xattr -d com.apple.quarantine /path/to/file</syntaxhighlight> | |
− | + | <span id="cannot-verify-installer"></span> | |
− | + | == Cannot verify installer == | |
− | $ xattr -d com.apple.quarantine /path/to/file | ||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
http://www.macrumors.com/2016/03/03/older-os-x-installers-broken-by-certificate/ | http://www.macrumors.com/2016/03/03/older-os-x-installers-broken-by-certificate/ | ||
Line 1,034: | Line 991: | ||
Installers downloaded before Feb 14 2016 will not validate because the certificate used to sign the installer expired. To work around the issue, quit out of the installer, set the date back, and rerun the installer. | Installers downloaded before Feb 14 2016 will not validate because the certificate used to sign the installer expired. To work around the issue, quit out of the installer, set the date back, and rerun the installer. | ||
− | + | <syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ date 0201010116</syntaxhighlight> | |
− | $ date 0201010116 | + | Alternatively, a newer version of the installer can be downloaded. Unfortunately, older OS X installs won’t be available, so the date method must be used. |
− | |||
− | |||
− | Alternatively, a newer version of the installer can be downloaded. Unfortunately, older OS X installs | ||
− | + | <span id="look-at-available-wi-fi-networks"></span> | |
+ | == Look at available Wi-Fi networks == | ||
http://apple.stackexchange.com/questions/131852/how-do-you-force-a-5-ghz-wifi-connection | http://apple.stackexchange.com/questions/131852/how-do-you-force-a-5-ghz-wifi-connection | ||
Line 1,046: | Line 1,001: | ||
Scan for network BSSIDs. | Scan for network BSSIDs. | ||
− | + | <syntaxhighlight lang="console">/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Apple80211.framework/Versions/Current/Resources/airport scan | |
− | /System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Apple80211.framework/Versions/Current/Resources/airport scan | ||
SSID BSSID RSSI CHANNEL HT CC SECURITY (auth/unicast/group) | SSID BSSID RSSI CHANNEL HT CC SECURITY (auth/unicast/group) | ||
Valerie c0:25:06:cf:0c:d3 -78 100,+1 Y DE WPA2(PSK/AES/AES) | Valerie c0:25:06:cf:0c:d3 -78 100,+1 Y DE WPA2(PSK/AES/AES) | ||
− | Valerie c0:25:06:cf:0c:d7 -69 11 Y DE WPA2(PSK/AES/AES) | + | Valerie c0:25:06:cf:0c:d7 -69 11 Y DE WPA2(PSK/AES/AES)</syntaxhighlight> |
− | + | For <=10.6 use a different command. | |
− | |||
− | For | ||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | + | <syntaxhighlight lang="console">/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Apple80211.framework/Versions/Current/Resources/airport --associate=XXX --bssid=YYY</syntaxhighlight> | |
+ | <span id="downgrade-from-high-sierra-to-sierra"></span> | ||
+ | == Downgrade from High Sierra to Sierra == | ||
https://www.imore.com/how-downgrade-macos | https://www.imore.com/how-downgrade-macos | ||
− | Technically, a downgrade | + | Technically, a downgrade isn’t possible from backup :-( |
− | Erase a disk with the MacOS Extended (Journaled) format, with a name of | + | Erase a disk with the MacOS Extended (Journaled) format, with a name of <code>Untitled</code>. |
− | Create install media, using | + | Create install media, using <code>/Volume/Untitled</code> as destination volume. |
− | + | * The volume will again be erased, so it is OK to use the old volume name. | |
− | + | * The <code>--applicationpath</code> must be the '''fully qualified path'''. | |
− | + | <syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ sudo /Applications/Install\ macOS\ High\ Sierra.app/Contents/Resources/createinstallmedia \ | |
− | $ sudo /Applications/Install\ macOS\ High\ Sierra.app/Contents/Resources/createinstallmedia \ | ||
--volume /Volumes/Untitled \ | --volume /Volumes/Untitled \ | ||
--applicationpath "/Applications/Install macOS Sierra.app" | --applicationpath "/Applications/Install macOS Sierra.app" | ||
Line 1,086: | Line 1,034: | ||
Copying boot files... | Copying boot files... | ||
Copy complete. | Copy complete. | ||
− | Done. | + | Done.</syntaxhighlight> |
− | + | <span id="adjust-macos-font-smoothing"></span> | |
+ | == Adjust macOS font smoothing == | ||
− | + | <span id="font-smoothing"></span> | |
− | + | === Font smoothing === | |
− | |||
https://software.com/mac/tweaks/change-font-smoothing | https://software.com/mac/tweaks/change-font-smoothing | ||
Line 1,097: | Line 1,045: | ||
Display the current font smoothing: | Display the current font smoothing: | ||
− | + | <syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ defaults -currentHost read -globalDomain AppleFontSmoothing</syntaxhighlight> | |
− | $ defaults -currentHost read -globalDomain AppleFontSmoothing | + | Change the font smoothing (0=off, 1=light, 2=Medium/flat panel, 3=strong/blurred) This is mostly needed for non-Apple displays. Restart applications to see the effect |
− | |||
− | |||
− | Change the font smoothing (0=off, 1=light, 2=Medium/flat panel, | ||
− | 3=strong/blurred) This is mostly needed for non-Apple displays. Restart | ||
− | applications to see the effect | ||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
+ | <syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ defaults -currentHost write -globalDomain AppleFontSmoothing -int 0</syntaxhighlight> | ||
Delete the setting completely (restore default) | Delete the setting completely (restore default) | ||
− | + | <syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ defaults -currentHost delete -globalDomain AppleFontSmoothing</syntaxhighlight> | |
− | $ defaults -currentHost delete -globalDomain AppleFontSmoothing | ||
− | |||
− | |||
Set the font anti-aliasing minimum sizes, globally or per-application: | Set the font anti-aliasing minimum sizes, globally or per-application: | ||
− | + | <pre>$ defaults -currentHost write .GlobalPreferences AppleSmoothFontsSizeThreshold -int 16 | |
− | $ defaults -currentHost write .GlobalPreferences AppleSmoothFontsSizeThreshold -int 16 | ||
$ defaults -currentHost write .GlobalPreferences AppleFontSmoothing -int 0 | $ defaults -currentHost write .GlobalPreferences AppleFontSmoothing -int 0 | ||
− | $ defaults -currentHost write com.apple.safari AppleAntiAliasingThreshold -int 16 | + | $ defaults -currentHost write com.apple.safari AppleAntiAliasingThreshold -int 16</pre> |
− | + | <span id="anti-aliasing"></span> | |
− | + | === Anti-aliasing === | |
− | |||
Read the current value. | Read the current value. | ||
− | + | <pre>$ defaults read NSGlobalDomain AppleAntiAliasingThreshold | |
− | $ defaults read NSGlobalDomain AppleAntiAliasingThreshold | + | 4</pre> |
− | 4 | + | The anti-aliasing can be configured per application. (https://ss64.com/osx/syntax-defaults.html) |
− | |||
− | |||
− | The anti-aliasing can be configured per application. | ||
− | (https://ss64.com/osx/syntax-defaults.html) | ||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | + | <pre>$ defaults -currentHost write com.apple.safari AppleAntiAliasingThreshold -int 16</pre> | |
+ | <span id="misc"></span> | ||
+ | = Misc = | ||
− | + | <span id="commands-looking-at-profile-enrollment-at-work."></span> | |
+ | == Commands looking at profile enrollment at work. == | ||
Profile enrollment of some sort? | Profile enrollment of some sort? | ||
− | + | <pre>$ profiles status -type enrollment</pre> | |
− | $ profiles status -type enrollment | + | <pre>$ sudo profiles list |
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | $ sudo profiles list | ||
_computerlevel[1] attribute: profileIdentifier: com.google.corp.gmac.applicationaccess | _computerlevel[1] attribute: profileIdentifier: com.google.corp.gmac.applicationaccess | ||
_computerlevel[2] attribute: profileIdentifier: com.google.corp.gmac.chrome.extension.passwordalert | _computerlevel[2] attribute: profileIdentifier: com.google.corp.gmac.chrome.extension.passwordalert | ||
Line 1,168: | Line 1,094: | ||
_computerlevel[16] attribute: profileIdentifier: com.google.corp.gmac.spotlight | _computerlevel[16] attribute: profileIdentifier: com.google.corp.gmac.spotlight | ||
_computerlevel[17] attribute: profileIdentifier: com.google.corp.gmac.prefpanes | _computerlevel[17] attribute: profileIdentifier: com.google.corp.gmac.prefpanes | ||
− | There are 17 system configuration profiles installed | + | There are 17 system configuration profiles installed</pre> |
− | + | <pre>$ sudo profiles show -type enrollment | |
− | |||
− | |||
− | $ sudo profiles show -type enrollment | ||
Device Enrollment configuration: | Device Enrollment configuration: | ||
{ | { | ||
AllowPairing = 1; | AllowPairing = 1; | ||
AwaitDeviceConfigured = 1; | AwaitDeviceConfigured = 1; | ||
− | ConfigurationURL = | + | ConfigurationURL = "https://emmapplecodevice.googleapis.com/v1/_/deviceserver/C02h8e9nw/setup?key=AIzaSyAdMVj0IzE7K6u90EkdmoVTc_79_hO1i5w"; |
IsMDMUnremovable = 0; | IsMDMUnremovable = 0; | ||
IsMandatory = 1; | IsMandatory = 1; | ||
IsSupervised = 1; | IsSupervised = 1; | ||
− | OrganizationAddress = | + | OrganizationAddress = "1600 Amphitheatre Parkway, n/a, , Mountain VIew, CA 94043"; |
− | OrganizationAddressLine1 = | + | OrganizationAddressLine1 = "1600 Amphitheatre Parkway"; |
− | OrganizationAddressLine2 = | + | OrganizationAddressLine2 = "n/a"; |
− | OrganizationCity = | + | OrganizationCity = "Mountain VIew"; |
OrganizationCountry = USA; | OrganizationCountry = USA; | ||
− | OrganizationEmail = | + | OrganizationEmail = "abma@google.com"; |
− | OrganizationName = | + | OrganizationName = "Google LLC"; |
OrganizationPhone = 12125658743; | OrganizationPhone = 12125658743; | ||
OrganizationZipCode = 94043; | OrganizationZipCode = 94043; | ||
Line 1,195: | Line 1,118: | ||
iCloudDiagnostics | iCloudDiagnostics | ||
); | ); | ||
− | } | + | }</pre> |
− | + | <span id="kernel-extensions"></span> | |
+ | == Kernel extensions == | ||
− | + | Get list of approved kernel extensions (e.g. TripMode and Intel Power). | |
− | + | <pre>$ echo 'select * from kext_policy; ' | sudo sqlite3 /var/db/SystemPolicyConfiguration/KextPolicy | |
− | |||
− | |||
− | $ echo 'select * from kext_policy; ' | sudo sqlite3 /var/db/SystemPolicyConfiguration/KextPolicy | ||
78UFGP42EU|ch.tripmode.TripModeNKE|1|Ludovic LEGER|1 | 78UFGP42EU|ch.tripmode.TripModeNKE|1|Ludovic LEGER|1 | ||
− | Z3L495V9L4|com.intel.driver.EnergyDriver|1|Intel Corporation Apps|1 | + | Z3L495V9L4|com.intel.driver.EnergyDriver|1|Intel Corporation Apps|1</pre> |
− | + | <pre>$ echo 'select * from kext_policy_mdm;' | sudo sqlite3 /var/db/SystemPolicyConfiguration/KextPolicy | |
− | |||
− | |||
− | $ echo 'select * from kext_policy_mdm;' | sudo sqlite3 /var/db/SystemPolicyConfiguration/KextPolicy | ||
EQHXZ8M8AV||1|82CBE2F3-84FA-4734-9E74-FB0F06DB8319 | EQHXZ8M8AV||1|82CBE2F3-84FA-4734-9E74-FB0F06DB8319 | ||
P8DQRXPVLP||1|82CBE2F3-84FA-4734-9E74-FB0F06DB8319 | P8DQRXPVLP||1|82CBE2F3-84FA-4734-9E74-FB0F06DB8319 | ||
X9E956P446||1|82CBE2F3-84FA-4734-9E74-FB0F06DB8319 | X9E956P446||1|82CBE2F3-84FA-4734-9E74-FB0F06DB8319 | ||
− | 3T5GSNBU6W|com.github.osxfuse.filesystems.osxfuse|1|82CBE2F3-84FA-4734-9E74-FB0F06DB8319 | + | 3T5GSNBU6W|com.github.osxfuse.filesystems.osxfuse|1|82CBE2F3-84FA-4734-9E74-FB0F06DB8319</pre> |
− | + | <syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ cat /var/db/ConfigurationProfiles/Settings/.cloudConfigRecordFound | |
− | |||
− | |||
− | $ cat /var/db/ConfigurationProfiles/Settings/.cloudConfigRecordFound | ||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> | ||
<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd"> | <!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd"> | ||
<plist version="1.0"> | <plist version="1.0"> | ||
<dict> | <dict> | ||
− | + | <key>CloudConfigProfile</key> | |
− | + | <dict> | |
− | + | <key>AllowPairing</key> | |
− | + | <true/> | |
... | ... | ||
</dict> | </dict> | ||
</dict> | </dict> | ||
− | </plsit> | + | </plsit></syntaxhighlight> |
− | + | <span id="code-signing"></span> | |
− | + | == Code signing == | |
− | |||
Get code signing information about an app. | Get code signing information about an app. | ||
− | + | <pre>$ codesign -dvv /Applications/ESET\ Endpoint\ Antivirus.app/Contents/PlugIns/kext/esets_kac_64_109.kext | |
− | $ codesign -dvv /Applications/ESET\ Endpoint\ Antivirus.app/Contents/PlugIns/kext/esets_kac_64_109.kext | ||
Executable=/Applications/ESET Endpoint Antivirus.app/Contents/PlugIns/kext/esets_kac_64_109.kext/Contents/MacOS/esets_kac_64_109 | Executable=/Applications/ESET Endpoint Antivirus.app/Contents/PlugIns/kext/esets_kac_64_109.kext/Contents/MacOS/esets_kac_64_109 | ||
Identifier=com.eset.kext.esets-kac | Identifier=com.eset.kext.esets-kac | ||
Line 1,250: | Line 1,163: | ||
TeamIdentifier=P8DQRXPVLP | TeamIdentifier=P8DQRXPVLP | ||
Sealed Resources version=2 rules=13 files=1 | Sealed Resources version=2 rules=13 files=1 | ||
− | Internal requirements count=1 size=36 | + | Internal requirements count=1 size=36</pre> |
− | + | <span id="powerchime"></span> | |
− | + | == PowerChime == | |
− | |||
The new MacBook Pro machine chimes when it gets power. Annoying?? | The new MacBook Pro machine chimes when it gets power. Annoying?? | ||
− | + | * https://apple.stackexchange.com/questions/265759/how-to-disable-plug-in-sound-on-late-2016-macbook-pro/265763#265763 | |
− | + | * https://apple.stackexchange.com/questions/282752/turning-power-chime-off | |
− | + | <span id="set-static-route-and-make-persistent-on-boot"></span> | |
+ | == Set static route, and make persistent on boot == | ||
https://apple.stackexchange.com/questions/219834/how-to-set-network-devices-priority-on-afp-smb-transfers | https://apple.stackexchange.com/questions/219834/how-to-set-network-devices-priority-on-afp-smb-transfers | ||
Line 1,266: | Line 1,179: | ||
In the example below I assume the Ethernet router has the IP 192.168.0.1 and the network behind the router is the 192.168.56.0/24 network. | In the example below I assume the Ethernet router has the IP 192.168.0.1 and the network behind the router is the 192.168.56.0/24 network. | ||
− | + | <pre>sudo route add -net 192.168.56.0 192.168.0.1</pre> | |
− | sudo route add -net 192.168.56.0 192.168.0.1 | ||
− | |||
− | |||
To make this route persistent add a launch daemon on your machines: | To make this route persistent add a launch daemon on your machines: | ||
− | + | <pre>sudo nano /Library/LaunchDaemons/local.staticroute.shares.plist</pre> | |
− | sudo nano /Library/LaunchDaemons/local.staticroute.shares.plist | ||
− | |||
− | |||
with the content | with the content | ||
− | + | <syntaxhighlight lang="xml"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> | |
− | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> | ||
<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd"> | <!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd"> | ||
<plist version="1.0"> | <plist version="1.0"> | ||
Line 1,296: | Line 1,202: | ||
<true/> | <true/> | ||
</dict> | </dict> | ||
− | </plist> | + | </plist></syntaxhighlight> |
− | |||
− | |||
Save the file (Ctrl-O) and quit Nano (Ctrl-X). | Save the file (Ctrl-O) and quit Nano (Ctrl-X). | ||
Load the launch daemon with: | Load the launch daemon with: | ||
− | + | <pre>sudo launchctl load -w /Library/LaunchDaemons/local.staticroute.shares.plist</pre> | |
− | sudo launchctl load -w /Library/LaunchDaemons/local.staticroute.shares.plist | ||
− | |||
− | |||
To access the shares enter afp://192.168.56.x, cifs://192.168.56.x or smb://192.168.56.x (with x= the last octet of the IP address of the share). | To access the shares enter afp://192.168.56.x, cifs://192.168.56.x or smb://192.168.56.x (with x= the last octet of the IP address of the share). | ||
− | + | <span id="open-system-preferences-as-root"></span> | |
− | + | == Open System Preferences as root == | |
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | + | <syntaxhighlight lang="shell">sudo /System/Applications/System\ Preferences.app/Contents/MacOS/System\ Preferences</syntaxhighlight> | |
+ | <span id="macos-big-sur"></span> | ||
+ | == macOS Big Sur == | ||
− | + | <span id="change-the-menu-bar-datetime-format"></span> | |
+ | === Change the menu bar date/time format === | ||
Update the format using Terminal. | Update the format using Terminal. | ||
− | + | <pre>defaults write com.apple.menuextra.clock DateFormat -string "EEE d MMM h:mm a"</pre> | |
− | defaults write com.apple.menuextra.clock DateFormat -string | + | My prefered version of the command. NOTE: spaces aren’t needed. |
− | |||
− | |||
− | My prefered version of the command. NOTE: spaces | ||
− | + | <pre>defaults write com.apple.menuextra.clock DateFormat -string "EMdhhmmss"</pre> | |
− | defaults write com.apple.menuextra.clock DateFormat -string " | + | <span id="system-extensions"></span> |
− | + | === System Extensions === | |
− | |||
− | |||
Get list of loaded extensions. | Get list of loaded extensions. | ||
− | + | <pre>$ kmutil showloaded</pre> | |
− | $ kmutil showloaded | ||
− | |||
− | |||
Get list of loaded auxillary extensions. | Get list of loaded auxillary extensions. | ||
− | + | <pre>$ kmutil showloaded --collection auxiliary</pre> | |
− | $ kmutil showloaded --collection auxiliary | + | <span id="macos-catalina"></span> |
− | + | == macOS Catalina == | |
− | + | <span id="remove-default-interactive-warning-for-bash."></span> | |
+ | === Remove “default interactive” warning for bash. === | ||
− | + | macOS Catalina ships with zsh as the default shell for licensing reasons. To notify users, a warning is presented each time a bash interactive shell is started. | |
− | + | <pre>The default interactive shell is now zsh. | |
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | The default interactive shell is now zsh. | ||
To update your account to use zsh, please run `chsh -s /bin/zsh`. | To update your account to use zsh, please run `chsh -s /bin/zsh`. | ||
− | For more details, please visit https://support.apple.com/kb/HT208050. | + | For more details, please visit https://support.apple.com/kb/HT208050.</pre> |
− | + | To disable the warning, add this to <code>~/.bash_profile</code> or equivalent. | |
− | |||
− | To disable the warning, add this to | ||
− | + | <pre>export BASH_SILENCE_DEPRECATION_WARNING=1</pre> | |
− | export BASH_SILENCE_DEPRECATION_WARNING=1 | ||
− |
Revision as of 20:34, 28 December 2021
Stuff for macOS and OS X
INFO: [2020-11-19] These notes aren’t fully formatted yet as I’ve simply copied them from my personal notes. I’ll fix them with time. |
References
http://serverfault.com/questions/7346/what-are-useful-command-line-commands-on-mac-os-x
Keyboard Shortcut Symbols
Back up and share text replacements on Mac
Symbols
Common symbols used by macOS.
Description | Symbol | Note |
---|---|---|
Apple | | ⌘-Option-K (works on a Mac, but might be different on other OSes) |
Command | ⌘ | |
Delete | ⌫ | |
Escape | ⎋ / ␛ | |
Fn-Down | ⇟ | |
Fn-Left | ↖︎ | |
Fn-Right | ↘︎ | |
Fn-Up | ⇞ | |
Option | ⌥ | |
Power | ⌽ | substitute as there isn’t a good one; http://unicodepowersymbol.com/ |
Return | ⏎ | |
Shift | ⇧ | |
Tab | ⇥ |
Accents
Method 1: To type an accented or alternate version of a character, hold a key down until its alternate characters are displayed. (https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT201586)
Method 2: Request accent, then character. (http://symbolcodes.tlt.psu.edu/accents/codemac.html)
Method 3: Open Character Palette with Control-Command-Space. Find the desired character, then drag the character with the mouse into place to insert.
Name | Example | Shortcut + Char |
---|---|---|
Acute | ó Ó | Option-E, V |
Circumflex | ô Ô | Option-I, V |
Grave | ò Ò | Option-`, V |
Tilde | õ Õ | Option-N, V (only works with a, n, and o) |
Umlaut | ö Ö | Option-U, V |
Letters
Letter | Shortcut | Description |
---|---|---|
å | Option-A | |
ç | Option-C | |
ø | Option-O | |
ß | Option-S | Eszett |
æ | Option-’ |
Math Symbols
Approximately : (≈) Option-X Degree : (°) Shift-Option-8 Delta : (∆) Option-J Division : (÷) Option-/ GreaterOrEqual : (≥) Option-. Infinity : (∞) Option-5 Intergal : (∫) Option-B LessOrEqual : (≤) Option-, Micro : (µ) Option-M Ohm : (Ω) Option-Z PartialDerivative : (∂) Option-D PerMil : (‰) Shift-Option-R Pi : (π) Option-P Plus/Minus : (±) Shift-Option-= ProductPi : (∏) Shift-Option-P SquareRoot : (√) Option-V Sum : (∑) Option-W
Punctuation
Copyright : (©) Option+G Dagger : (†) Option+T Dot : (•) Option+8 EmDash : (—) Option+Shift+- EnDash : (–) Option+- Paragraph : (¶) Option+7 Registered : (®) Option+R Section : (§) Option+6 Trademark : (™) Option+2
General
Command-F2 : Act as external display on iMac Command-Delete : Delete a file Command-Shift-3 : Capture screen Command-Shift-4 : Capture window with cursor selection Command-Shift-4 + Space : Capture window Command-Shift-5 : Record cropped window Command-Shift-5 + Space : Record a window Command-Shift-Q : Log out with confirmation Command-Shift-Option-Q : Log out without confirmation
Documents
Key combination | Description |
---|---|
⌘-B | Boldface the selected text, or turn boldfacing on or off. |
⌘-Option-C | Copy Style: Copy the formatting settings of the selected item to the Clipboard. |
⌘-D | Select the Desktop folder from within an Open dialog or Save dialog. |
⌘-Control-D | Show or hide the definition of the selected word. |
⌘-Option-F | Go to the search field. |
⌘-I | Italicise the selected text, or turn italics on or off. |
⌘-Option-I | Show or hide the inspector window. |
⌘-L | During software installation, show a log of actions. |
⌘-Shift-P | Page setup: Display a window for selecting document settings. |
⌘-Shift-S | Display the ave As dialog, or duplicate the current document. |
⌘-T | Show or hide the Fonts window. |
⌘-Option-T | Show or hide a toolbar in the app. |
⌘-U | Underline the selected text, or turn underlining on or off. |
⌘-Option-V | Paste Style: Apply the copied style to the selected item. |
⌘-Option-Shift-V | Paste and Match Style: Apply the style of the surrounding content to the item pasted within that content. |
⌘-; | Fix misspelled words in the document. |
⌘-Shift-: | Display the Spelling and Grammar window |
⌘-⌫ | Select Delete or Don’t Save in a dialog that contains a Delete or Don’t Save button. |
Command–DownArrow : Move the insertion point to the end of the document. Command–Equal : … performs the same function. Command–LeftArrow : Move the insertion point to the beginning of the current line. Command–LeftCurlyBracket : Left align. Command–RightArrow : Move the insertion point to the end of the current line. Command–RightCurlyBracket : Right align. Command–Shift–DownArrow : Select the text between the insertion point and the end of the document. Command–Shift–LeftArrow : Select the text between the insertion point and the beginning of the current line. Command–Shift–Minus : Decrease the size of the selected item. Command–Shift–Plus : Increase the size of the selected item. Command–Shift–QuestionMark : Open the Help menu. Command–Shift–RightArrow : Select the text between the insertion point and the end of the current line. Command–Shift–UpArrow : Select the text between the insertion point and the beginning of the document. Command–Shift–VerticalBar : Center align. Command–UpArrow : Move the insertion point to the beginning of the document. Control-A : Move to the beginning of the line or paragraph. Control-B : Move one character backward. Control-D : Delete the character to the right of the insertion point. Or use Fn-Delete. Control-E : Move to the end of a line or paragraph. Control-F : Move one character forward. Control-H : Delete the character to the left of the insertion point. Or use Delete. Control-K : Delete the text between the insertion point and the end of the line or paragraph. Control-L : Center the cursor or selection in the visible area. Control-N : Move down one line. Control-O : Insert a new line after the insertion point. Control-P : Move up one line. Control-T : Swap the character behind the insertion point with the character in front of the insertion point. Fn-Delete : Forward delete on keyboards that don’t have a Forward Delete key. Or use Control-D. Fn–DownArrow : Page Down: Scroll down one page. Fn–LeftArrow : Home: Scroll to the beginning of a document. Fn–RightArrow : End: Scroll to the end of a document. Fn–UpArrow : Page Up: Scroll up one page. Option-Delete : Delete the word to the left of the insertion point. Option–LeftArrow : Move the insertion point to the beginning of the previous word. Option–RightArrow : Move the insertion point to the end of the next word. Shift–DownArrow : Extend text selection to the nearest character at the same horizontal location on the line below. Shift–LeftArrow : Extend text selection one character to the left. Shift–Option–DownArrow : Extend text selection to the end of the current paragraph, then to the end of the following paragraph if pressed again. Shift–Option–LeftArrow : Extend text selection to the beginning of the current word, then to the beginning of the following word if pressed again. Shift–Option–RightArrow : Extend text selection to the end of the current word, then to the end of the following word if pressed again. Shift–Option–UpArrow : Extend text selection to the beginning of the current paragraph, then to the beginning of the following paragraph if pressed again. Shift–RightArrow : Extend text selection one character to the right. Shift–UpArrow : Extend text selection to the nearest character at the same horizontal location on the line above.
Booting
https://support.apple.com/en-eg/HT201255 http://www.tech-recipes.com/rx/2818/os_x_ten_boot_options_for_leopard/
Key | Desc |
---|---|
C | Boot from CD/DVD |
D / Option-D | Diagnostics or Apple Hardware Test mode / via-Internet. 1) Unplug MacBook Pro from power, and fully power off the machine. 2) Power on and press-and-hold the D key. 3) Release when prompted to choose a language. |
N | Netboot |
R | PowerBook Display Reset |
T | Target disk mode |
X | Startup from OS X instead of from non-OS X startup |
⌘-Option-P-R | Reset PRAM. Do immediately after powering on, and release after 2nd Apple logo or 20sec, whichever comes first. |
⌘-R / ⌘-Option-R | OS X Recovery / over the Internet |
Command-S | Single User Mode |
Command-V | Verbose Boot |
LeftShift-Control-Option-Power | Reset SMC. Do with power off. Hold for 10 sec, then power on again. |
Left_Mouse / F12 / mouse_button / trackpad_button | Eject Media |
Option | Startup Manager |
Option-D | Diagnostics or Apple Hardware Test via Internet |
Option-N | NetBoot using default image |
Shift | Safe Mode |
Downloads
How to create a bootable installer for macOS
10.15 Catalina
sudo /Applications/Install\ macOS\ Catalina.app/Contents/Resources/createinstallmedia \ --volume /Volumes/MyVolume
10.14 Mojave
sudo /Applications/Install\ macOS\ Mojave.app/Contents/Resources/createinstallmedia \ --volume /Volumes/MyVolume
10.13 High Sierra
sudo /Applications/Install\ macOS\ High\ Sierra.app/Contents/Resources/createinstallmedia \ --volume /Volumes/MyVolume
10.12 Yosemite
10.11 El Capitan
sudo /Applications/Install\ OS\ X\ El\ Capitan.app/Contents/Resources/createinstallmedia \ --volume /Volumes/MyVolume \ --applicationpath /Applications/Install\ OS\ X\ El\ Capitan.app
10.10 Sierra
$ sudo /Applications/Install\ OS\ X\ Sierra.app/Contents/Resources/createinstallmedia \ --volume /Volumes/MyVolume \ --applicationpath /Applications/Install\ OS\ X\ Sierra.app
10.9 Maverics
$ sudo /Applications/Install\ OS\ X\ Mavericks.app/Contents/Resources/createinstallmedia \ --volume /Volumes/MyVolume \ --applicationpath /Applications/Install\ OS\ X\ Mavericks.app
See also: https://appleinsider.com/articles/19/11/23/how-to-get-an-old-macos-installer-from-apple
File systems
Create ISO from CDR
https://forums.macrumors.com/threads/converting-cdr-to-iso.783690/
Convert a CDR to ISO.
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ hdiutil makehybrid -iso -joliet -o diskimage.iso diskimage.cdr</syntaxhighlight>
Write ISO to USB
For bootable images, use one of:
- Etcher – recommended for bootable CD/DVD
- UNetbootin – useful if additional FreeDOS boot is needed (e.g. for firmware upgrades)
For data only…
https://snipt.net/w00kie/how-do-i-burn-an-iso-on-a-usb-drive-on-mac-os-x/
Convert the file to a Disk Image. Note a .dmg
extension will be added.
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ hdiutil convert -format UDRW -o /path/to/target /path/to/original.iso</syntaxhighlight> Find current devices
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ diskutil list</syntaxhighlight> Unmount device
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ diskutil unmountDisk /dev/diskN</syntaxhighlight> Write to USB
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ sudo dd if=/path/to/target.dmg of=/dev/rdiskN bs=1m</syntaxhighlight> Eject the disk
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ diskutil eject /dev/diskN</syntaxhighlight>
Format a disk from the command-line
Format with JHFS+ (Journaled HFS+) with a GPT partition layout.
diskutil eraseDisk jhfs+ "ICY BOX 500G" gpt /dev/diskX
Create custom CoreStorage drive
http://www.cnet.com/how-to/how-to-make-a-custom-corestorage-drive-in-os-x/
Create a CoreStorage volume. Will be using disk0 (SSD) and disk1 (HDD).
Partition all drives to be part of CS with single GUID partition, named ‘Untitled’. Then determine their drive names
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ diskutil list</syntaxhighlight> Create the logical volume group. Note the 1st drive is the SSD drive, and 2nd is drive is the HDD.
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ diskutil cs create Macintosh\ LVG disk0 disk1</syntaxhighlight> List CS volumes
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ diskutil cs list</syntaxhighlight> Create volume in the volume group using UUID of LVG
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ diskutil cs createVolume UUID jhfs+ Macintosh\ HD 100%</syntaxhighlight> If desired, encrypt the logical volume just created
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ diskutil cs list $ diskutil cs encryptVolume UUID</syntaxhighlight> Delete a CS LVG.
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ diskutil cs delete UUID</syntaxhighlight>
Get serial number of drive
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ ioreg -l |less</syntaxhighlight>
ditto
Mirror directories in OS X, preserving all ownership and permission data.
<syntaxhighlight lang="console"># ditto -V /Users /Volumes/SecondaryHD/Users</syntaxhighlight>
Write DMG to disk
http://coolestguyplanettech.com/downtown/how-image-mac-os-x-107-lion-command-lineterminal
- Mount the destination drive
- Issue this command, replacing source and destination paths
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ asr restore \ --source /path-to-source-dmg-image \ --target /Volumes/path-to-destination-volume \ --erase \ --format HFS+ \ --noverify</syntaxhighlight>
- The –erase will erase the destination format
- The –format is optional and only required if the destination needs to be reformatted
- The –noverify is optional and skips verification - but obviously doesn’t verify a successful restore.
Mount DMG as disk – loopback
http://apple.stackexchange.com/questions/9284/does-mac-have-something-similar-to-a-linux-loop-device
The upgrade from MacOS 10.12.1 to 10.12.2 broke my APFS formatted Ableton SDCard drive. Ugh :-(. Luckily I still had a machine running 10.12.1, so I figured I’d try to fix things.
I started by dumping the raw disk /dev/disk2
using dd
.
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ dd if=/dev/disk2 of=/Volumes/Samsung_T1/Ableton-d2.dmg bs=1m</syntaxhighlight>
Mount the disk. Note: I could have added the -nomount
option after attach
to have prevented the disk from actually mounting.
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ hdiutil attach /Volumes/Samsung_T1/Ableton-d2.dmg /dev/disk2 GUID_partition_scheme /dev/disk2s1 EFI /dev/disk2s2 Apple_APFS /dev/disk2s2s1 41504653-0000-11AA-AA11-0030654</syntaxhighlight> Yay!
APFS
- https://developer.apple.com/library/content/documentation/FileManagement/Conceptual/APFS_Guide/Introduction/Introduction.html
- http://www.howtogeek.com/272741/how-to-format-a-drive-with-the-apfs-file-system-on-macos-sierra/
Sparse image
Create a sparse image with APFS.
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ hdiutil create -fs APFS -size 1GB foo.sparseimage</syntaxhighlight> Physical disk
Partition the disk
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ sudo diskutil partitionDisk disk2 APFS Untitled 100%</syntaxhighlight> Existing partition
Create APFS container.
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ diskutil apfs createContainer /dev/disk2s2</syntaxhighlight> Create APFS volume in an APFS container.
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ diskutil apfs addVolume disk2s2 APFS newAPFS</syntaxhighlight> FSCK.
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ fsck_apfs /dev/disk2s2</syntaxhighlight>
NFS
Change default behavior to work better with Linux servers.
/etc/nfs.conf
# Generated automatically by NFS Manager 2016-10-19 23:06:36 +0000 nfs.client.allow_async = 1 nfs.client.nfsiod_thread_max = 128 nfs.client.mount.options = nfc,intr nfs.client.is_mobile = 0
Restart autofs without rebooting.
Use the automount
command.
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ sudo automount -vc</syntaxhighlight>
Alternatively, use launchctl
.
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ sudo launchctl stop com.apple.autofsd</syntaxhighlight>
Partitioning
References
- https://developer.apple.com/library/content/documentation/FileManagement/Conceptual/APFS_Guide/ToolsandAPIs/ToolsandAPIs.html#//apple_ref/doc/uid/TP40016999-CH7-DontLinkElementID_13
- http://www.theinstructional.com/guides/disk-management-from-the-command-line-part-2
Get list of info
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ diskutil list</syntaxhighlight> Format an entire drive as APFS
<syntaxhighlight lang="console"># command verb disk boot_record filesystem name size $ diskutil partitionDisk /dev/diskX GPT APFS NewName 0b</syntaxhighlight> Arguments:
- Boot Records
- GPT (GUID Partition Table)
- MBR (Master Boot Record)
- Filesystems
- APFS (Apple File System – beta in Sierra 10.12.1)
- ExFAT
- FAT32
- HFS+ (Apple HFS+)
Locked files or folders
Look at the current flags:
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ ls -lO /path/to/folder</syntaxhighlight> Unlock them with:
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ chflags nouchg /path/to/locked/folder</syntaxhighlight> or with:
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ SetFile -a l /path/to/locked/folder</syntaxhighlight>
Cookbook
Homebrew
The ftp
and telnet
are no longer included with macOS, but can be installed with Brew.
$ brew install inetutils
Resize a sparse bundle
Unmount the image, and follow commands below.
Compact the image (size stays the same).
hdiutil compact filename.sparsebundle
Increase the size of the image (e.g. 8G to 12G).
hdiutil resize -size 12G filename.sparsebundle
Paragraph Sorting Service
http://www.macosxautomation.com/services/learn/tut03/index.html
- Open Automator.
- Create a new “Service” workflow.
- Configure workflow.
- Service receives selected > text
- in > any application
- check < Replaces selected text
Disable the Swoosh animation for Mac OS X Spaces
macOS [10.12)
System Preferences > Accessibility > Display > Reduce motion
macOS (10.11]
- http://blog.sysmgr.org/2011/02/disable-swoosh-animation-for-mac-os-x.html
- http://secrets.blacktree.com/?showapp=com.apple.dock – interesting
- http://www.macosxhints.com/comment.php?mode=view&cid=117778
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ defaults write com.apple.dock \
workspaces-swoosh-animation-off \ -bool YES && killall Dock</syntaxhighlight>
Change screen capture behavior.
Disable shadow on screen capture.
$ defaults write com.apple.screencapture disable-shadow -bool TRUE $ killall SystemUIServer
Change the location of screen captures.
$ defaults write com.apple.screencapture location ~/Pictures/Screenshots
Change the prefix of the screen capture filename.
$ defaults write com.apple.screencapture name "Pretty Picture" $ killall SystemUIServer
Take a screen capture as PDF (PNG is default).
$ defaults write com.apple.screencapture type pdf
(En|Dis)able Bonjour Announcements (10.5+)
Disable
$ sudo launchctl unload -w /System/Library/LaunchDaemons/com.apple.mDNSResponder.plist
Enable
$ sudo launchctl load -w /System/Library/LaunchDaemons/com.apple.mDNSResponder.plist
To leave it enabled, but not announce things via multicast DNS, edit the plist and add this line to the mDNSResponder options.
<string>-NoMulticastAdvertisements</string>
Time Machine
Change backup frequency (10.5+) http://hints.macworld.com/article.php?story=200710291721156
Edit /System/Library/LaunchDaemons/com.apple.backupd-auto.plist and update the StartInterval setting. 3600[s] is 1h.
Cron’d stuff
See entry at Oct 19, ’10 08:03:30PM in http://hints.macworld.com/article.php?story=200710291721156
Sleep
Sleep machine from command-line (10.5+)
$ pmset sleepnow
pmset
See ‘man pmset’ for more info. For 10.4 and prior, see http://www.snoize.com/SleepNow/.
Figure out why machine isn’t sleeping.
$ pmset -g assertions
Log sleep/wake messages
$ pmset -g pslog
View the logs later
$ pmset -g
(En|Dis)able swap
http://hints.macworld.com/article.php?story=201106020948369
Disable
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ sudo launchctl unload -w /System/Library/LaunchDaemons/com.apple.dynamic_pager.plist $ sudo rm /private/var/vm/swapfile*</syntaxhighlight> Enable
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ sudo launchctl load -w /System/Library/LaunchDaemons/com.apple.dynamic_pager.plist</syntaxhighlight>
SMART
http://hints.macworld.com/article.php?story=20031122041138373
Get SMART status from the command-line
<syntaxhighlight lang="console"># diskutil list
- diskutil info diskX |grep SMART</syntaxhighlight>
sysctl
Performance Tuning the Network Stack Mac OS X
Versions: [10.5-10.8)
Put data into /etc/sysctl.conf
.
kern.ipc.maxsockbuf=4194304 kern.ipc.somaxconn=512 kern.ipc.nmbclusters=2048 net.inet.tcp.rfc1323=1 net.inet.tcp.win_scale_factor=3 net.inet.tcp.sockthreshold=16 net.inet.tcp.sendspace=262144 net.inet.tcp.recvspace=262144 net.inet.tcp.mssdflt=1440 net.inet.tcp.msl=15000 net.inet.tcp.always_keepalive=0 net.inet.tcp.delayed_ack=0 net.inet.tcp.slowstart_flightsize=4 net.inet.tcp.blackhole=2 net.inet.udp.blackhole=1 net.inet.icmp.icmplim=50
Change these values for [10.8)
kern.ipc.maxsockbuf=8388608 # Enable support for 9000+ byte packets. # https://blah.cloud/hardware/test-jumbo-frames-working/ net.inet.raw.maxdgram=16384
(old) Recommended values for /etc/sysctl.conf
.
key | default | recommended | notes |
---|---|---|---|
net.inet.tcp.mssdflt | 512 | 1440 | |
net.inet.tcp.win_scale_factor | 3 | 10 | |
net.inet.tcp.sendspace | 65536 | 2097152 | 1/2 of kern.ipc.maxsockbuf |
net.inet.tcp.recvspace | 65536 | 2097152 | 1/2 of kern.ipc.maxsockbuf |
Spotlight
Check status of Spotlight
<syntaxhighlight lang="console"># mdutil -s /</syntaxhighlight> Enable Spotlight
<syntaxhighlight lang="console"># mdutil -i on /</syntaxhighlight> Rebuilt database
<syntaxhighlight lang="console"># mdutil -E /</syntaxhighlight>
Restart Finder from the Terminal
http://thewayeye.net/2012/january/4/how-restart-finder-terminal
Kill Finder
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ sudo killall Finder</syntaxhighlight> Manually start if it doesn’t automatically
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ open /System/Library/CoreServices/Finder.app</syntaxhighlight> If all else fails, reboot
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ shutdown -r</syntaxhighlight>
Extract contents of a Payload file
These are basically compressed cpio files.
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ cat Payload |gzip -d |cpio -id</syntaxhighlight>
Firewall
List apps allowed/blocked by firewall.
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ sudo /usr/libexec/ApplicationFirewall/socketfilterfw --listapps</syntaxhighlight>
dtrace and other scripts
http://dtrace.org/blogs/brendan/2011/10/10/top-10-dtrace-scripts-for-mac-os-x/
Power management
Get history of power management events
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ pmset -g log |less</syntaxhighlight>
Icon sets
http://blog.macsales.com/28492-create-your-own-custom-icons-in-10-7-5-or-later
Create PNG files.
Filename | Image Size (in pixels) |
---|---|
icon_512x512@2x.png | 1024 x 1024 |
icon_512x512.png | 512 x 512 |
icon_256x256@2x.png | 512 x 512 |
icon_256x256.png | 256 x 256 |
icon_128x128@2x.png | 256 x 256 |
icon_128x128.png | 128 x 128 |
icon_32x32@2x.png | 64 x 64 |
icon_32x32.png | 32 x 32 |
icon_16x16@2x.png | 32 x 32 |
icon_16x16.png | 16 x 16 |
Create an myicon.iconset
folder, and put all files in that folder.
Create a myicon.icns
file.
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ iconutil -c icns /path/to/myicon.iconset</syntaxhighlight>
Get info about the drive / file, and copy the myicon.icns
file over the drive icon of the file.
Kill parentalcontrolsd regularly
Create the following plist as /Library/LaunchDaemons/com.forestent.noparentalcontrolsd
with root as owner.
<syntaxhighlight lang="xml"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd"> <plist version="1.0"> <dict>
<key>Label</key> <string>com.stevenlin.antiparent</string>
<key>ProgramArguments</key> <array> <string>/bin/launchctl</string> <string>kill</string> <string>SIGSTOP</string> <string>system/com.apple.familycontrols</string> </array>
<key>Nice</key> <integer>1</integer>
<key>StartInterval</key> <integer>600</integer>
<key>RunAtLoad</key> <true/>
</dict> </plist></syntaxhighlight> Load the plist.
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ sudo launchctl load /Library/LaunchDaemons/com.forestent.noparentalcontrolsd</syntaxhighlight>
Install a package from the command-line
Use /usr/sbin/installer
.
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ sudo installer -pkg /path/to/package.pkg -target /</syntaxhighlight>
sudo installer -pkg macOSUpd10.14.3.pkg -target / -verboseR -dumplog 2>&1 |tee ~/var/log/macOSUpd10.14.3.log
Upgrade software from the command-line
Use softwareupdate
.
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ softwareupdate -l Software Update Tool
Fining available software</syntaxhighlight> If the updater is hitting problems, e.g. unable to contact update servers, consider resetting the catalogs. (Was needed for 10.14.3 at Google.)
<syntaxhighlight lang="shell">sudo softwareupdate --clear-catalog</syntaxhighlight>
Use /usr/bin/chflags
.
$ chflags nohidden ~/Library
Force RGB Mode (a.k.a. fix horrible fonts)
http://www.iphonetopics.com/force-rgb-mode-in-mac-os-x/
Misc. Utilities
Expansion Slot Utility
The utility is located in /System/Library/CoreServices and is used to configure the performance of the PCI slots.
Fonts
https://discussions.apple.com/thread/3646002?tstart=0 http://www.thexlab.com/faqs/undofontbook.html http://www.jklstudios.com/misc/osxfonts.htm
pmset
Get the current settings
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ pmset -g System-wide power settings: Currently in use:
standby 1 Sleep On Power Button 1 womp 0 autorestart 0 hibernatefile /var/vm/sleepimage powernap 1 gpuswitch 2 networkoversleep 0 disksleep 10 sleep 60 (sleep prevented by backupd, AddressBookSourceSync, nsurlsessiond, nsurlsessiond, nsurlsessiond, nsurlsessiond, nsurlsessiond) autopoweroffdelay 28800 hibernatemode 0 autopoweroff 1 ttyskeepawake 1 displaysleep 60 standbydelay 10800</syntaxhighlight>
autopoweroff
This is the reason my 2013 Mac Pro wakes so slowly from sleep each morning.
https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT201635
autopoweroff is enabled by default on supported platforms as an implementation of Lot 6 to the European Energy-related Products Directive. After sleeping for autopoweroffdelay
seconds, the system will write a hibernation image and go into a lower power chipset sleep. Wakeups from this state will take longer than wakeups from regular sleep.
bputil
https://keith.github.io/xcode-man-pages/bputil.1.html
Utility to precisely modify the security settings on Apple Silicon Macs
trustd
https://sneak.berlin/20201112/your-computer-isnt-yours/
This makes requests to ocsp.apple.com each and every time an app is opened. Ugh.
Troubleshooting
https://github.com/upekkha/AppleHardwareTest
Previous shutdown cause
Look at the log on the command-line, and compare to documented causes can be found on this blog.
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ log show --predicate 'eventMessage contains "Previous shutdown cause:"' Skipping info and debug messages, pass --info and/or --debug to include. Filtering the log data using "eventMessage CONTAINS "Previous shutdown cause:"" Timestamp Thread Type Activity PID 2017-11-30 17:12:25.019394+0100 0x379 Default 0x0 0 kernel: (AppleSMC) Previous shutdown cause: 3 2017-12-06 18:16:46.306853+0100 0x3ff Default 0x0 0 kernel: (AppleSMC) Previous shutdown cause: 5
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Log - Default: 2, Info: 0, Debug: 0, Error: 0, Fault: 0 Activity - Create: 0, Transition: 0, Actions: 0</syntaxhighlight>
Mouse Lag
Try turning off the mouse, removing it from the Bluetooth preferences window, and repairing the device.
On the Mac Pro (Late 2013) model, Wi-Fi seems to interfere with the Bluetooth signal such that the mouse lags. Disable Wi-Fi if possible, or use a hardwired mouse.
DNS resolution
- https://discussions.apple.com/thread/3339686?start=0&tstart=0
- http://www.justincarmony.com/blog/2011/07/27/mac-os-x-lion-etc-hosts-bugs-and-dns-resolution/
Get dump of resolvers
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ scutil --dns</syntaxhighlight>
Reset DNS cache
OS X <= 10.9.* && >= 10.10.4
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ sudo killall -HUP mDNSResponder</syntaxhighlight> OS X 10.10.0 - 10.10.3
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ sudo discoveryutil mdnsflushcache</syntaxhighlight>
Finder – “File is damaged”
Finder is reporting “File is damaged” and “Move to Trash” or “Unmount disk”. If you know the file is fine, remove the quarantine xattr
, and try again.
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ xattr -d com.apple.quarantine /path/to/file</syntaxhighlight>
Cannot verify installer
http://www.macrumors.com/2016/03/03/older-os-x-installers-broken-by-certificate/
Installers downloaded before Feb 14 2016 will not validate because the certificate used to sign the installer expired. To work around the issue, quit out of the installer, set the date back, and rerun the installer.
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ date 0201010116</syntaxhighlight> Alternatively, a newer version of the installer can be downloaded. Unfortunately, older OS X installs won’t be available, so the date method must be used.
Look at available Wi-Fi networks
http://apple.stackexchange.com/questions/131852/how-do-you-force-a-5-ghz-wifi-connection
Scan for network BSSIDs.
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Apple80211.framework/Versions/Current/Resources/airport scan
SSID BSSID RSSI CHANNEL HT CC SECURITY (auth/unicast/group) Valerie c0:25:06:cf:0c:d3 -78 100,+1 Y DE WPA2(PSK/AES/AES) Valerie c0:25:06:cf:0c:d7 -69 11 Y DE WPA2(PSK/AES/AES)</syntaxhighlight>
For <=10.6 use a different command.
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Apple80211.framework/Versions/Current/Resources/airport --associate=XXX --bssid=YYY</syntaxhighlight>
Downgrade from High Sierra to Sierra
https://www.imore.com/how-downgrade-macos
Technically, a downgrade isn’t possible from backup :-(
Erase a disk with the MacOS Extended (Journaled) format, with a name of Untitled
.
Create install media, using /Volume/Untitled
as destination volume.
- The volume will again be erased, so it is OK to use the old volume name.
- The
--applicationpath
must be the fully qualified path.
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ sudo /Applications/Install\ macOS\ High\ Sierra.app/Contents/Resources/createinstallmedia \
--volume /Volumes/Untitled \ --applicationpath "/Applications/Install macOS Sierra.app"
Ready to start. To continue we need to erase the disk at /Volumes/Untitled. If you wish to continue type (Y) then press return: y Erasing Disk: 0%... 10%... 20%... 30%...100%... Copying installer files to disk... Copy complete. Making disk bootable... Copying boot files... Copy complete. Done.</syntaxhighlight>
Adjust macOS font smoothing
Font smoothing
https://software.com/mac/tweaks/change-font-smoothing
Display the current font smoothing:
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ defaults -currentHost read -globalDomain AppleFontSmoothing</syntaxhighlight> Change the font smoothing (0=off, 1=light, 2=Medium/flat panel, 3=strong/blurred) This is mostly needed for non-Apple displays. Restart applications to see the effect
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ defaults -currentHost write -globalDomain AppleFontSmoothing -int 0</syntaxhighlight> Delete the setting completely (restore default)
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ defaults -currentHost delete -globalDomain AppleFontSmoothing</syntaxhighlight> Set the font anti-aliasing minimum sizes, globally or per-application:
$ defaults -currentHost write .GlobalPreferences AppleSmoothFontsSizeThreshold -int 16 $ defaults -currentHost write .GlobalPreferences AppleFontSmoothing -int 0 $ defaults -currentHost write com.apple.safari AppleAntiAliasingThreshold -int 16
Anti-aliasing
Read the current value.
$ defaults read NSGlobalDomain AppleAntiAliasingThreshold 4
The anti-aliasing can be configured per application. (https://ss64.com/osx/syntax-defaults.html)
$ defaults -currentHost write com.apple.safari AppleAntiAliasingThreshold -int 16
Misc
Commands looking at profile enrollment at work.
Profile enrollment of some sort?
$ profiles status -type enrollment
$ sudo profiles list _computerlevel[1] attribute: profileIdentifier: com.google.corp.gmac.applicationaccess _computerlevel[2] attribute: profileIdentifier: com.google.corp.gmac.chrome.extension.passwordalert _computerlevel[3] attribute: profileIdentifier: com.google.corp.gmac.networkprofile _computerlevel[4] attribute: profileIdentifier: com.google.corp.gmac.chrome.extensionsettings _computerlevel[5] attribute: profileIdentifier: com.google.corp.gmac.bird _computerlevel[6] attribute: profileIdentifier: com.google.mdm.profile.kext _computerlevel[7] attribute: profileIdentifier: com.google.mdm.profile.initial _computerlevel[8] attribute: profileIdentifier: com.google.corp.gmac.touchid _computerlevel[9] attribute: profileIdentifier: com.google.corp.gmac.internetsharing _computerlevel[10] attribute: profileIdentifier: com.google.corp.gmac.sparkle _computerlevel[11] attribute: profileIdentifier: com.google.corp.gmac.management _computerlevel[12] attribute: profileIdentifier: com.google.corp.gmac.restor _computerlevel[13] attribute: profileIdentifier: com.google.corp.gmac.chrome.extension.detangle _computerlevel[14] attribute: profileIdentifier: com.google.corp.gmac.chrome _computerlevel[15] attribute: profileIdentifier: com.google.corp.gmac.santa _computerlevel[16] attribute: profileIdentifier: com.google.corp.gmac.spotlight _computerlevel[17] attribute: profileIdentifier: com.google.corp.gmac.prefpanes There are 17 system configuration profiles installed
$ sudo profiles show -type enrollment Device Enrollment configuration: { AllowPairing = 1; AwaitDeviceConfigured = 1; ConfigurationURL = "https://emmapplecodevice.googleapis.com/v1/_/deviceserver/C02h8e9nw/setup?key=AIzaSyAdMVj0IzE7K6u90EkdmoVTc_79_hO1i5w"; IsMDMUnremovable = 0; IsMandatory = 1; IsSupervised = 1; OrganizationAddress = "1600 Amphitheatre Parkway, n/a, , Mountain VIew, CA 94043"; OrganizationAddressLine1 = "1600 Amphitheatre Parkway"; OrganizationAddressLine2 = "n/a"; OrganizationCity = "Mountain VIew"; OrganizationCountry = USA; OrganizationEmail = "abma@google.com"; OrganizationName = "Google LLC"; OrganizationPhone = 12125658743; OrganizationZipCode = 94043; SkipSetup = ( AppleID, Siri, iCloudDiagnostics ); }
Kernel extensions
Get list of approved kernel extensions (e.g. TripMode and Intel Power).
$ echo 'select * from kext_policy; ' | sudo sqlite3 /var/db/SystemPolicyConfiguration/KextPolicy 78UFGP42EU|ch.tripmode.TripModeNKE|1|Ludovic LEGER|1 Z3L495V9L4|com.intel.driver.EnergyDriver|1|Intel Corporation Apps|1
$ echo 'select * from kext_policy_mdm;' | sudo sqlite3 /var/db/SystemPolicyConfiguration/KextPolicy EQHXZ8M8AV||1|82CBE2F3-84FA-4734-9E74-FB0F06DB8319 P8DQRXPVLP||1|82CBE2F3-84FA-4734-9E74-FB0F06DB8319 X9E956P446||1|82CBE2F3-84FA-4734-9E74-FB0F06DB8319 3T5GSNBU6W|com.github.osxfuse.filesystems.osxfuse|1|82CBE2F3-84FA-4734-9E74-FB0F06DB8319
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">$ cat /var/db/ConfigurationProfiles/Settings/.cloudConfigRecordFound <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd"> <plist version="1.0"> <dict>
<key>CloudConfigProfile</key> <dict> <key>AllowPairing</key> <true/>
...
</dict>
</dict> </plsit></syntaxhighlight>
Code signing
Get code signing information about an app.
$ codesign -dvv /Applications/ESET\ Endpoint\ Antivirus.app/Contents/PlugIns/kext/esets_kac_64_109.kext Executable=/Applications/ESET Endpoint Antivirus.app/Contents/PlugIns/kext/esets_kac_64_109.kext/Contents/MacOS/esets_kac_64_109 Identifier=com.eset.kext.esets-kac Format=bundle with Mach-O thin (x86_64) CodeDirectory v=20200 size=759 flags=0x0(none) hashes=18+3 location=embedded Signature size=9055 Authority=Developer ID Application: ESET, spol. s r.o. (P8DQRXPVLP) Authority=Developer ID Certification Authority Authority=Apple Root CA Timestamp=22 Aug 2018 at 19:39:32 Info.plist entries=19 TeamIdentifier=P8DQRXPVLP Sealed Resources version=2 rules=13 files=1 Internal requirements count=1 size=36
PowerChime
The new MacBook Pro machine chimes when it gets power. Annoying??
- https://apple.stackexchange.com/questions/265759/how-to-disable-plug-in-sound-on-late-2016-macbook-pro/265763#265763
- https://apple.stackexchange.com/questions/282752/turning-power-chime-off
Set static route, and make persistent on boot
In the example below I assume the Ethernet router has the IP 192.168.0.1 and the network behind the router is the 192.168.56.0/24 network.
sudo route add -net 192.168.56.0 192.168.0.1
To make this route persistent add a launch daemon on your machines:
sudo nano /Library/LaunchDaemons/local.staticroute.shares.plist
with the content
<syntaxhighlight lang="xml"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd"> <plist version="1.0"> <dict>
<key>Label</key> <string>local.staticroute.shares</string> <key>ProgramArguments</key> <array> <string>route</string> <string>add</string> <string>-net</string> <string>192.168.56.0</string> <string>192.168.0.1</string> </array> <key>RunAtLoad</key> <true/> </dict>
</plist></syntaxhighlight> Save the file (Ctrl-O) and quit Nano (Ctrl-X).
Load the launch daemon with:
sudo launchctl load -w /Library/LaunchDaemons/local.staticroute.shares.plist
To access the shares enter afp://192.168.56.x, cifs://192.168.56.x or smb://192.168.56.x (with x= the last octet of the IP address of the share).
Open System Preferences as root
<syntaxhighlight lang="shell">sudo /System/Applications/System\ Preferences.app/Contents/MacOS/System\ Preferences</syntaxhighlight>
macOS Big Sur
Update the format using Terminal.
defaults write com.apple.menuextra.clock DateFormat -string "EEE d MMM h:mm a"
My prefered version of the command. NOTE: spaces aren’t needed.
defaults write com.apple.menuextra.clock DateFormat -string "EMdhhmmss"
System Extensions
Get list of loaded extensions.
$ kmutil showloaded
Get list of loaded auxillary extensions.
$ kmutil showloaded --collection auxiliary
macOS Catalina
Remove “default interactive” warning for bash.
macOS Catalina ships with zsh as the default shell for licensing reasons. To notify users, a warning is presented each time a bash interactive shell is started.
The default interactive shell is now zsh. To update your account to use zsh, please run `chsh -s /bin/zsh`. For more details, please visit https://support.apple.com/kb/HT208050.
To disable the warning, add this to ~/.bash_profile
or equivalent.
export BASH_SILENCE_DEPRECATION_WARNING=1